SDSU NUTRITION 313 EXAM PART 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
hunger - ANSWER-primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food,
mostly regulated by internal cues to eating
appetite - ANSWER-primarily psychological (external) influences that encourage
us to find and eat food, often in absence of obvious hunger
satiety - ANSWER-a state in which there is no longer a desire to eat; a feeling of
satisfaction
nutrients - ANSWER-chemical substances in food that contribute to health,many
of which are essential parts of a diet. They nourish us by providing calories to
fulfill energy needs, materials for building body parts and factors to regulate
necessary chemical processes in the body
essential nutrient - ANSWER-substance that, when left out of a diet, leads to
signs of poor health. The body either cannot produce enough of it to meet its
needs. If added back to a diet before permanent damage occurs, the affected
aspects of health are restored
stroke - ANSWER-decrease or loss in blood flow to the brain that results from a
blood clot or other change in arteries in the brain. This in turn causes the death
of brain tissue. Also called cerebrovascular accident
,carbohydrate - ANSWER-a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms. Sugars, starches, and fibers are forms of this
lipids - ANSWER-compound containing much carbon and hydrogen , little oxygen
and sometimes other atoms. They do not dissolve in water and include fats, oils
and cholesterol
protein - ANSWER-food and body compounds made of amino acids; they contain
carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes other atoms in a specific
configuration. They contain the form of nitrogen most easily used by the human
body
Vitamin - ANSWER-compound needed in very small amounts in the diet to help
regulate and support chemical reactions in the body
mineral - ANSWER-element used in the body to promote chemical reactions and
to form body structures
water - ANSWER-universal solvents, chemically, h20, the body is composed of
60%
kilocalories (kcal) - ANSWER-is a unit that describes the energy content of food.
Specifically, a kcal is the heat energy needed to rasie the temperature of
1000grams ( 1 liter) of water 1 degree celsius. Referred to as calories
, macronutrient - ANSWER-nutrient needed in gram quantities in a diet
micronutrient - ANSWER-nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities
in a diet
simple sugar - ANSWER-monosaccharide or disaccharide in the diet
complex carbohydrate - ANSWER-composed of many sugar units
(polysaccharide) Ex. glycogen, starch, and fiber
starch - ANSWER-carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose attached
together in a form the body can digest; also known as complex carbohydrate
fiber - ANSWER-substances in plant foods not digested by the processes that
take place in the human stomach or small intestine. These add bulk to feces. It is
naturally found in foods also called dietary fiber
cell - ANSWER-structural basis of plant and animal organization. Cells have the
ability to take up compounds from and excrete compounds into their
surroundings
bond - ANSWER-linkage between two atoms, such as that formed by the sharing
of electrons
SOLUTIONS
hunger - ANSWER-primarily physiological (internal) drive to find and eat food,
mostly regulated by internal cues to eating
appetite - ANSWER-primarily psychological (external) influences that encourage
us to find and eat food, often in absence of obvious hunger
satiety - ANSWER-a state in which there is no longer a desire to eat; a feeling of
satisfaction
nutrients - ANSWER-chemical substances in food that contribute to health,many
of which are essential parts of a diet. They nourish us by providing calories to
fulfill energy needs, materials for building body parts and factors to regulate
necessary chemical processes in the body
essential nutrient - ANSWER-substance that, when left out of a diet, leads to
signs of poor health. The body either cannot produce enough of it to meet its
needs. If added back to a diet before permanent damage occurs, the affected
aspects of health are restored
stroke - ANSWER-decrease or loss in blood flow to the brain that results from a
blood clot or other change in arteries in the brain. This in turn causes the death
of brain tissue. Also called cerebrovascular accident
,carbohydrate - ANSWER-a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
atoms. Sugars, starches, and fibers are forms of this
lipids - ANSWER-compound containing much carbon and hydrogen , little oxygen
and sometimes other atoms. They do not dissolve in water and include fats, oils
and cholesterol
protein - ANSWER-food and body compounds made of amino acids; they contain
carbon, hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes other atoms in a specific
configuration. They contain the form of nitrogen most easily used by the human
body
Vitamin - ANSWER-compound needed in very small amounts in the diet to help
regulate and support chemical reactions in the body
mineral - ANSWER-element used in the body to promote chemical reactions and
to form body structures
water - ANSWER-universal solvents, chemically, h20, the body is composed of
60%
kilocalories (kcal) - ANSWER-is a unit that describes the energy content of food.
Specifically, a kcal is the heat energy needed to rasie the temperature of
1000grams ( 1 liter) of water 1 degree celsius. Referred to as calories
, macronutrient - ANSWER-nutrient needed in gram quantities in a diet
micronutrient - ANSWER-nutrient needed in milligram or microgram quantities
in a diet
simple sugar - ANSWER-monosaccharide or disaccharide in the diet
complex carbohydrate - ANSWER-composed of many sugar units
(polysaccharide) Ex. glycogen, starch, and fiber
starch - ANSWER-carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose attached
together in a form the body can digest; also known as complex carbohydrate
fiber - ANSWER-substances in plant foods not digested by the processes that
take place in the human stomach or small intestine. These add bulk to feces. It is
naturally found in foods also called dietary fiber
cell - ANSWER-structural basis of plant and animal organization. Cells have the
ability to take up compounds from and excrete compounds into their
surroundings
bond - ANSWER-linkage between two atoms, such as that formed by the sharing
of electrons
