STUDY SHEET 2026 GRADED A+.
◉ Moment. Answer: Force applied at some distance from an axis or
fulcrum
Fxd
(Distance: from the point of rotation that is perpendicular to force,
"moment arm")
◉ Equilibrium Flight. Answer: When the sum of all FORCE and all
MOMENTS around the COG are equal to zero
◉ When are the four forces that act on an airplane in equilibrium?.
Answer: Thrust, drag, lift, weight
◉ Atmospheric static pressure. Answer: Weight of a column of air
over a given area
◉ Air Density. Answer: The total mass of air particles per unit of
volume
◉ What three things happen as air becomes less dense for airplane:.
Answer: Reduces power
Reduces thrust
,Reduces lift
◉ With altitude increase, what happens to air temp. Answer:
Decreases linearly at 2 C (3.57 F) per 1000ft, until 36000ft.
◉ What is this rate of temp change called. Answer: Average Lapse
Rate
◉ Humidity. Answer: Amount of water vapor in the air
◉ Humidity and Density relationship. Answer: Inverse
◉ General Gas Law. Answer: P = pRT
◉ Steady airflow. Answer: Exists if at every point in the airflow
static pressure, density, temperature, and velocity remain constant
over time (may vary from one point to another, but at any given point,
it is constant)
Same path is followed
◉ Steamline. Answer: the path that air particles follow in steady
airflow
, ◉ Streamtube (2 things). Answer: collection of many adjacent
streamlines.
closed system
◉ Continuity Equation. Answer: A1V1 = A2V2
◉ Bernoulli's Principle. Answer: Total energy of a fluid can be
separated into potential energy (static pressure) and kinetic energy
(dynamic pressure)
◉ Total Pressure (Pt) =. Answer: Ps + q
◉ Talk about Bernoullis Prin in a closed system. Answer: Total
pressure is constant, therefore an increase in static pressure = decrease
in dynamic pressure
◉ PT =. Answer: PT = Ps + (1/2)pV^2
◉ Indicated Airspeed. Answer: Actual instrument indication of the
dynamic pressure the airplane is exposed to during flight
◉ Calibrated Airspeed. Answer: When indicated airspeed is corrected
for instrument error