EXPH 386 Exam vol 4
Five important functions of the cardiovascular system: - Ans--1) delivers
*oxygen* to active tissues
2) returns *deoxygenated blood* to the lungs
3) transports *heat*, a by-product of cellular metabolism, from the body's
core to the skin
4) delivers *fuel, nutrients* to active tissues
5) transports *hormones*, the bodys chemical messengers for regulation
is the heart a dual pump? - Ans--yes
between the heart and the lungs is the - Ans--pulmonary circulation
between the heart and other body systems - Ans--systemic circulation
Systemic circulation is the portion of the CV which carries ____________
blood back away from the heart, to the ________, and returns
_____________ blood back to the heart - Ans--oxygenated
body
deoxygenated
Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the CV which carries _________
blood away from the heart, to the ___________, and returns _________
blood back from the heart - Ans--deoxygenated
lungs
oxygenated
the hearts only function is to - Ans--pump blood
higher blood pressure = - Ans--higher ventricular mass (larger ventricles)
Tricuspid and Mitral valve snap shut and P + A open - Ans--LUB sound (1st
heart sound)
,P + A snap chut and Tricuspid and Mitral valve open - Ans--Dub sound (2nd
heart sound)
what pumps blood to whole body - Ans--left side
what pumps blood to lungs - Ans--right side
Blood flows through the heart in one direction: - Ans--from veins, to atria, to
ventricles, to arteries
ventricles goverened by pressure gradients - Ans--passive filling
atrial contraction - Ans--active filling
at resting heart rates, the atrial contraction only contributes ______% to the
filling of the ventricle - Ans--30%
Approximately ________ of the *venous return* (blood returning to the
heart) enters the ventricles before the atria undergo contraction - Ans--70%
For *isovolumetric contraction*, for a brief period of time (__________),
when all heart valves remain shut, ventricular pressure __________ but
volume and fiber length remains unchanged - Ans--(0.02 to 0.06)
increases (rises)
For *isovolumetric relaxation*, for a brief period of time (__________),
when all heart values remain shut, ventricular pressure __________ but
volume and fiber length remains unchanged - Ans--(0.02 to 0.06)
decreases (drops)
what can cope with high pressure since they are so thick? - Ans--arteries
thick walled, high pressure tubing that conducts *oxygenated* blood
-has smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells - Ans--arteries
-smaller branched arteries, circular layers of connective tissue
- constrict or relax changing the resistance to blood flow - Ans--arterioles
, arterioles is also known as` - Ans--resistance vessels
*single* layer of *endothelial cells* line wall
-NO smooth muscle
- diameter reduced to only allow 1 blood cell at a time
- increased pressure
-takes 1.5 seconds to pass - Ans--capillaries
dormant capillaries open during - Ans--exercise
small veins that collect *deoxygenated* blood from capillaries - Ans--
venules
thin walled, lower pressure
-also have smooth muscle cells (but less than arteries) and endothelial cells
- Ans--veins
capacitance vessels act as a blood reservoir, holding _____% of blood
volume stored in the veins can be called upon during exercise - Ans--64%
Difference between artery and vein? - Ans--vein has a *valve* to get blood
back to heart and artery does not
Distribution of blood at rest: - Ans--heart= 7%
arteries= 13%
arterioles, capillaries= 7%
veins= 64%
pulmonary system= 9%
valves within the veins allow blood to flow in how many directions? - Ans--
*one* direction TOWARD the heart
without valves blood would... - Ans--blood would stagnate in veins of the
extremities and people would faint every time they stood up because of
reduced venous return and cerebral blood flow (venous return)
may induce fainting from insufficient cerebral blood supply - Ans--venous
pooling
Five important functions of the cardiovascular system: - Ans--1) delivers
*oxygen* to active tissues
2) returns *deoxygenated blood* to the lungs
3) transports *heat*, a by-product of cellular metabolism, from the body's
core to the skin
4) delivers *fuel, nutrients* to active tissues
5) transports *hormones*, the bodys chemical messengers for regulation
is the heart a dual pump? - Ans--yes
between the heart and the lungs is the - Ans--pulmonary circulation
between the heart and other body systems - Ans--systemic circulation
Systemic circulation is the portion of the CV which carries ____________
blood back away from the heart, to the ________, and returns
_____________ blood back to the heart - Ans--oxygenated
body
deoxygenated
Pulmonary circulation is the portion of the CV which carries _________
blood away from the heart, to the ___________, and returns _________
blood back from the heart - Ans--deoxygenated
lungs
oxygenated
the hearts only function is to - Ans--pump blood
higher blood pressure = - Ans--higher ventricular mass (larger ventricles)
Tricuspid and Mitral valve snap shut and P + A open - Ans--LUB sound (1st
heart sound)
,P + A snap chut and Tricuspid and Mitral valve open - Ans--Dub sound (2nd
heart sound)
what pumps blood to whole body - Ans--left side
what pumps blood to lungs - Ans--right side
Blood flows through the heart in one direction: - Ans--from veins, to atria, to
ventricles, to arteries
ventricles goverened by pressure gradients - Ans--passive filling
atrial contraction - Ans--active filling
at resting heart rates, the atrial contraction only contributes ______% to the
filling of the ventricle - Ans--30%
Approximately ________ of the *venous return* (blood returning to the
heart) enters the ventricles before the atria undergo contraction - Ans--70%
For *isovolumetric contraction*, for a brief period of time (__________),
when all heart valves remain shut, ventricular pressure __________ but
volume and fiber length remains unchanged - Ans--(0.02 to 0.06)
increases (rises)
For *isovolumetric relaxation*, for a brief period of time (__________),
when all heart values remain shut, ventricular pressure __________ but
volume and fiber length remains unchanged - Ans--(0.02 to 0.06)
decreases (drops)
what can cope with high pressure since they are so thick? - Ans--arteries
thick walled, high pressure tubing that conducts *oxygenated* blood
-has smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells - Ans--arteries
-smaller branched arteries, circular layers of connective tissue
- constrict or relax changing the resistance to blood flow - Ans--arterioles
, arterioles is also known as` - Ans--resistance vessels
*single* layer of *endothelial cells* line wall
-NO smooth muscle
- diameter reduced to only allow 1 blood cell at a time
- increased pressure
-takes 1.5 seconds to pass - Ans--capillaries
dormant capillaries open during - Ans--exercise
small veins that collect *deoxygenated* blood from capillaries - Ans--
venules
thin walled, lower pressure
-also have smooth muscle cells (but less than arteries) and endothelial cells
- Ans--veins
capacitance vessels act as a blood reservoir, holding _____% of blood
volume stored in the veins can be called upon during exercise - Ans--64%
Difference between artery and vein? - Ans--vein has a *valve* to get blood
back to heart and artery does not
Distribution of blood at rest: - Ans--heart= 7%
arteries= 13%
arterioles, capillaries= 7%
veins= 64%
pulmonary system= 9%
valves within the veins allow blood to flow in how many directions? - Ans--
*one* direction TOWARD the heart
without valves blood would... - Ans--blood would stagnate in veins of the
extremities and people would faint every time they stood up because of
reduced venous return and cerebral blood flow (venous return)
may induce fainting from insufficient cerebral blood supply - Ans--venous
pooling
