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Sickle Cell Anemia - ANSWER-· Autosomal Recessive
· African American, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, or Indian
· Newborn screening for diagnosis
· Changes in RBC (rigid, sticky, crescent-shaped) cause
membrane damage, shorter RBC life span and vaso-occlusion
-adequate hydration and pain control
Thrombocytopenia Purpura - ANSWER-· 2-4 years old; fair
skinned children
Usually resolves within 6 months
-secondary causes- leukemia, lupus, medications, HIV, hep C,
von willebrand
-75% spontaneous resolution
-avoid contact sports, ASA, herbal that causes bleeding
Hemophilia A & B - ANSWER-· Inherited X-linked
recessive; only males
affected, females are
carriers
,· Deficiency of factor VIII(A) &
factor IX (B)
-Avoid ASA &
NSAIDs
Hematology
referral
Von Willebrand Disease - ANSWER-
inherited;
-DDAVP and factor VIII, vWF
concentrates
Avoid ASA &
NSAIDs
Trauma/Injury
prevention
Avoid contact
sports
Hematology
referral
Leukemia - ANSWER-· Abnormal growth of leukocytic
precursors in bone
marrow
o Increase in immature
WBCs
o Suppresses normal hematopoietic
stem cells
,o Leads to anemia and
thrombocytopenia
· Most common childhood cancer (peaks
2-6 years)
· No known
cause
-hem/onc referral
STAT
manifestations of leukemia - ANSWER-Pallor, fatigue, purpura,
fever, repeat infections, weight loss, lymphadenopathy,
hepatosplenomegaly, bone/joint pain, nausea, skin rash
lymphoma - ANSWER-· Group of tumors in
lymphatic tissues
· Most common pediatric lymphoma is non-Hodgkin
Lymphomas
· Associated with Epstein=Barr &
Cytomegalovirus infections
lymphoma clinical manifestations - ANSWER-Most
common tumor site is
intestinal tract (abdominal
pain/distention/fullness/constipation)
Non-tender lymph node
enlargement
Symptoms usually present late at
stage 3 or 4
, Cutaneous Abscess - ANSWER-· Pus in cutaneous tissue;
MSSA and MRSA
· Most common locations—inguinal region, neck or back,
axillary region
·
Management
o I&D with culture; war soaks &
compresses
o Abx if
necessary
Cellulitis - ANSWER-· Bacterial infection involving dermis and
SQ tissue
· Group A beta strep, S. aureus most common; possibly H.flu if
<3yo
· Cephalexin 50-75 mg/kg/day x10 days
· Augmentin 50-80 mg/kg/day x10 days
· Clindamycin 10-25 mg/kg/day x10 days
· Bactrim (if MRSA)—must be >2mo old—8-12 mg/kg/day x10
days
MRSA - ANSWER-Rapid
onset
Abscess that is not draining, warm, erythematous & painful;
KEEP COVERED
Bactrim 8-12 mg/kg/day
x10 days