1|Page
WGU D115 — Advanced Pathophysiology Practice Exam (NEW UPDATED
VERSION) LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)- GUARANTEED PASS A+ UPDATED 2026
CELLULAR & TISSUE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (1–10)
1. Cellular injury caused by ischemia is primarily due to:
A. Protein synthesis increase
B. ATP depletion
C. DNA replication
D. Growth factor activation
Answer: B
Rationale: Ischemia reduces oxygen → ATP depletion, leading to failure of ion pumps and cell
injury.
2. The process of programmed cell death that does not elicit inflammation is:
A. Necrosis
B. Apoptosis
C. Gangrene
D. Autolysis
Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is orderly, doesn’t provoke inflammation.
3. Which type of necrosis is associated with hypoxic injury in the heart?
A. Liquefactive
B. Caseous
C. Coagulative
D. Fat
Answer: C
2026 2027 GRADED A+
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4. Liquefactive necrosis is most commonly found in:
A. Myocardial infarcts
B. Lung tissue in tuberculosis
C. Brain infarcts
D. Adipose tissue
Answer: C
5. The hallmark of chronic inflammation is the predominance of:
A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Macrophages
D. Lymphocytes
Answer: C
6. Cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 are released by:
A. Neutrophils
B. Macrophages
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Answer: B
7. Cell adaptation from one adult cell type to another (e.g., in smokers’ airways) is:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Hypertrophy
C. Metaplasia
D. Dysplasia
Answer: C
8. Dysplasia is best described as:
A. Normal growth
B. Disordered cell growth with pleomorphism
C. Cell death
D. Reversible cell shrinkage
Answer: B
2026 2027 GRADED A+
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9. Edema in inflammation is primarily caused by:
A. Lymphatic obstruction
B. Reduced plasma osmotic pressure only
C. Increased vascular permeability
D. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
Answer: C
10. The acute-phase response in inflammation includes:
A. Fever and leukocytosis
B. Hypotension
C. Bone pain
D. Hyperglycemia
Answer: A
IMMUNITY & INFECTIOUS DISEASE (11–20)
11. The immune system component responsible for antibody production is:
A. T-lymphocytes
B. B-lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Dendritic cells
Answer: B
12. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily mediated by:
A. B cells
B. T cells
C. NK cells
D. Macrophages
Answer: B
13. A patient with IgE-mediated allergic reaction is experiencing:
A. Type I hypersensitivity
B. Type II hypersensitivity
C. Type III hypersensitivity
D. Type IV hypersensitivity
Answer: A
2026 2027 GRADED A+
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14. An immune complex disease like systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of:
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Answer: C
15. The primary function of complement proteins is to:
A. Directly produce antibodies
B. Promote inflammation and cell lysis
C. Inhibit neutrophils
D. Reduce histamine release
Answer: B
16. Sepsis is defined as:
A. Localized infection with no systemic response
B. Dysregulated host response to infection
C. Viral infection only
D. Immune tolerance only
Answer: B
17. Bacterial endotoxins are derived from:
A. Gram-negative bacteria
B. Gram-positive bacteria
C. Fungi
D. Viruses
Answer: A
18. A common site for latent viral infection is:
A. Neural ganglia
B. Liver
C. Bone
D. Lungs
Answer: A
2026 2027 GRADED A+
WGU D115 — Advanced Pathophysiology Practice Exam (NEW UPDATED
VERSION) LATEST ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)- GUARANTEED PASS A+ UPDATED 2026
CELLULAR & TISSUE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (1–10)
1. Cellular injury caused by ischemia is primarily due to:
A. Protein synthesis increase
B. ATP depletion
C. DNA replication
D. Growth factor activation
Answer: B
Rationale: Ischemia reduces oxygen → ATP depletion, leading to failure of ion pumps and cell
injury.
2. The process of programmed cell death that does not elicit inflammation is:
A. Necrosis
B. Apoptosis
C. Gangrene
D. Autolysis
Answer: B
Rationale: Apoptosis is orderly, doesn’t provoke inflammation.
3. Which type of necrosis is associated with hypoxic injury in the heart?
A. Liquefactive
B. Caseous
C. Coagulative
D. Fat
Answer: C
2026 2027 GRADED A+
,2|Page
4. Liquefactive necrosis is most commonly found in:
A. Myocardial infarcts
B. Lung tissue in tuberculosis
C. Brain infarcts
D. Adipose tissue
Answer: C
5. The hallmark of chronic inflammation is the predominance of:
A. Neutrophils
B. Eosinophils
C. Macrophages
D. Lymphocytes
Answer: C
6. Cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 are released by:
A. Neutrophils
B. Macrophages
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Answer: B
7. Cell adaptation from one adult cell type to another (e.g., in smokers’ airways) is:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Hypertrophy
C. Metaplasia
D. Dysplasia
Answer: C
8. Dysplasia is best described as:
A. Normal growth
B. Disordered cell growth with pleomorphism
C. Cell death
D. Reversible cell shrinkage
Answer: B
2026 2027 GRADED A+
,3|Page
9. Edema in inflammation is primarily caused by:
A. Lymphatic obstruction
B. Reduced plasma osmotic pressure only
C. Increased vascular permeability
D. Decreased hydrostatic pressure
Answer: C
10. The acute-phase response in inflammation includes:
A. Fever and leukocytosis
B. Hypotension
C. Bone pain
D. Hyperglycemia
Answer: A
IMMUNITY & INFECTIOUS DISEASE (11–20)
11. The immune system component responsible for antibody production is:
A. T-lymphocytes
B. B-lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Dendritic cells
Answer: B
12. Cell-mediated immunity is primarily mediated by:
A. B cells
B. T cells
C. NK cells
D. Macrophages
Answer: B
13. A patient with IgE-mediated allergic reaction is experiencing:
A. Type I hypersensitivity
B. Type II hypersensitivity
C. Type III hypersensitivity
D. Type IV hypersensitivity
Answer: A
2026 2027 GRADED A+
, 4|Page
14. An immune complex disease like systemic lupus erythematosus is an example of:
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV
Answer: C
15. The primary function of complement proteins is to:
A. Directly produce antibodies
B. Promote inflammation and cell lysis
C. Inhibit neutrophils
D. Reduce histamine release
Answer: B
16. Sepsis is defined as:
A. Localized infection with no systemic response
B. Dysregulated host response to infection
C. Viral infection only
D. Immune tolerance only
Answer: B
17. Bacterial endotoxins are derived from:
A. Gram-negative bacteria
B. Gram-positive bacteria
C. Fungi
D. Viruses
Answer: A
18. A common site for latent viral infection is:
A. Neural ganglia
B. Liver
C. Bone
D. Lungs
Answer: A
2026 2027 GRADED A+
