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AQA A-LEVEL BIOLOGY 2026 NEWEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Describe eukaryotic cells - - ANS✔️--They are complex cells and include all animal and plant
cells, as well as all algae and fungi cells.
What does it mean if a organism is eukaryotic? - - ANS✔️--It is a multi-cellular organism that is
made up of eukaryotic cells.
What is an organelle? - - ANS✔️--A part of a cell that plays a specific role.
Name the organelles you might find in an animal cell - - ANS✔️--1)Plasma cell surface
membrane
2)Rough/smooth endoplasmic reticulum
3)nucleus (nucleolus)
4)lysosome
5)ribosome
6)Golgi apparatus
7)cytoplasm
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8)mitochondrion
Name the organelles you might find in a plant cell - - ANS✔️--1)Plasma cell surface membrane
2)cellulose wall
3)chloroplast
4)rough/smooth endoplasmic reticulum
5)mitochondrion
6)Golgi apparatus
7)vacuole
8)cytoplasm
9)nucleus
10) ribosome
How are algal cells similar to plant cells? - - ANS✔️--They have the same organelles.
How are fungal cells different to plant cells? - - ANS✔️--Their cell walls are made of chitin, not
cellulose.
They don't have chloroplasts because they don't need to photosynthesise
Describe the cell surface plasma membrane.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--It is found on the inside of cells that also have a cell wall
(plants), and is mainly made up of lipids and proteins.
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It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It also has receptor molecules on it,
to allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones.
Name the components of the nucleus - - ANS✔️--1)nucleolus
2)nuclear envelope
3)nucleoplasm
4)nuclear pores
5)chromatin
Describe the nucleus.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope which
contains many pores. The nucleus contains chromosomes.
The nucleus controls the cell's activities by controlling the transcription of DNA. The pores
allow substances to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleolus makes
ribosomes.
Describe mitochondrion.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--They are usually oval-shaped and have a double membrane.
The inner membrane is folded to form structures called cristae. Inside is the matrix, which
contains enzymes involved in respiration.
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They fold and process proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.
Describe the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. (SER)
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A system of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space. The
surface is completely smooth.
Synthesises and processes lipids.
Describe the structure of the cell wall.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A rigid structure that surrounds cells in plants, algae and fungi.
In plants and algae its mainly made from cellulose, but it in fungi it is made of chitin.
It supports the cell and prevents them from changing shape.
Describe the structure of the cell vacuole.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of plant
cells. It contains cell-sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts. The surrounding membrane is
called the tonoplast.
Helps to maintain pressure and rigidity inside the cell. This stops the plants wilting. It is also
involved in the isolation of unwanted chemicals inside the cell.
AQA A-LEVEL BIOLOGY 2026 NEWEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+
Describe eukaryotic cells - - ANS✔️--They are complex cells and include all animal and plant
cells, as well as all algae and fungi cells.
What does it mean if a organism is eukaryotic? - - ANS✔️--It is a multi-cellular organism that is
made up of eukaryotic cells.
What is an organelle? - - ANS✔️--A part of a cell that plays a specific role.
Name the organelles you might find in an animal cell - - ANS✔️--1)Plasma cell surface
membrane
2)Rough/smooth endoplasmic reticulum
3)nucleus (nucleolus)
4)lysosome
5)ribosome
6)Golgi apparatus
7)cytoplasm
,2|Page
8)mitochondrion
Name the organelles you might find in a plant cell - - ANS✔️--1)Plasma cell surface membrane
2)cellulose wall
3)chloroplast
4)rough/smooth endoplasmic reticulum
5)mitochondrion
6)Golgi apparatus
7)vacuole
8)cytoplasm
9)nucleus
10) ribosome
How are algal cells similar to plant cells? - - ANS✔️--They have the same organelles.
How are fungal cells different to plant cells? - - ANS✔️--Their cell walls are made of chitin, not
cellulose.
They don't have chloroplasts because they don't need to photosynthesise
Describe the cell surface plasma membrane.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--It is found on the inside of cells that also have a cell wall
(plants), and is mainly made up of lipids and proteins.
,3|Page
It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It also has receptor molecules on it,
to allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones.
Name the components of the nucleus - - ANS✔️--1)nucleolus
2)nuclear envelope
3)nucleoplasm
4)nuclear pores
5)chromatin
Describe the nucleus.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope which
contains many pores. The nucleus contains chromosomes.
The nucleus controls the cell's activities by controlling the transcription of DNA. The pores
allow substances to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleolus makes
ribosomes.
Describe mitochondrion.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--They are usually oval-shaped and have a double membrane.
The inner membrane is folded to form structures called cristae. Inside is the matrix, which
contains enzymes involved in respiration.
, 4|Page
They fold and process proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.
Describe the structure of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. (SER)
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A system of membranes enclosing a fluid-filled space. The
surface is completely smooth.
Synthesises and processes lipids.
Describe the structure of the cell wall.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A rigid structure that surrounds cells in plants, algae and fungi.
In plants and algae its mainly made from cellulose, but it in fungi it is made of chitin.
It supports the cell and prevents them from changing shape.
Describe the structure of the cell vacuole.
Outline the functions. - - ANS✔️--A membrane-bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of plant
cells. It contains cell-sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts. The surrounding membrane is
called the tonoplast.
Helps to maintain pressure and rigidity inside the cell. This stops the plants wilting. It is also
involved in the isolation of unwanted chemicals inside the cell.
