WGU 785 Final Exam LATEST UPDATED 2026 With
Complete Solution (GUARANTEED PASS)
Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for their
kids? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ The process of copying DNA in the
lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy and add
DNA polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides building a new
DNA strand.
Base Excision Repair (BER) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ How you repair a mutation. BER is used
to repair damage to a base caused by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is
damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
,DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ replication. DNA polymerase
proofreads but sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of
the nucleotides from the new DNA and DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ When a base is
mismatched due to errors in replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes
by and fixes it.
What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅
TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides and matches them to the
parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work.
What is needed for DNA replication? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ DNA polymerase
Nonsense Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
Stop= nonsense because it is no more.
Silent Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino
acid. Silent= the change doesn't change the name of the protein
Missense Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a
different amino acid. Missense = mistake was made.
, What happends during RNA splicing? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ During RNA splicing introns are
cut out, the remaining exons are joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go L-R
with the complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
This sequence is the same as the coding strand except T changes to U because it is RNA. RNA
doesn't have T.
How would a mutation from CTC to ATC affect the protein sequence? (CTC/ATC - coding
strand, AUC - mRNA strand) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ This will make a missense mutation
because it changes the name of the protein. (look at the chart provided.) missense =
mistake
DNA replication process - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ DNA ->Transcription -> RNA -> Translation -
> Polypeptide
Describe how you would find what ionized Alanine looks like. - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ This is
an amino acid. Look for the "R" group. Alanine is a hydrophobic amino acid that has CH3. It is
a weak interaction. An ionized acid will have a + or - charge.
Complete Solution (GUARANTEED PASS)
Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for their
kids? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ The process of copying DNA in the
lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy and add
DNA polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides building a new
DNA strand.
Base Excision Repair (BER) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ How you repair a mutation. BER is used
to repair damage to a base caused by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is
damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
,DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ replication. DNA polymerase
proofreads but sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of
the nucleotides from the new DNA and DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ When a base is
mismatched due to errors in replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes
by and fixes it.
What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅
TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides and matches them to the
parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work.
What is needed for DNA replication? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ DNA polymerase
Nonsense Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
Stop= nonsense because it is no more.
Silent Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino
acid. Silent= the change doesn't change the name of the protein
Missense Mutation - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a
different amino acid. Missense = mistake was made.
, What happends during RNA splicing? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ During RNA splicing introns are
cut out, the remaining exons are joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go L-R
with the complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ 5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
This sequence is the same as the coding strand except T changes to U because it is RNA. RNA
doesn't have T.
How would a mutation from CTC to ATC affect the protein sequence? (CTC/ATC - coding
strand, AUC - mRNA strand) - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ This will make a missense mutation
because it changes the name of the protein. (look at the chart provided.) missense =
mistake
DNA replication process - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ DNA ->Transcription -> RNA -> Translation -
> Polypeptide
Describe how you would find what ionized Alanine looks like. - VERIFIED ANSWER✅ This is
an amino acid. Look for the "R" group. Alanine is a hydrophobic amino acid that has CH3. It is
a weak interaction. An ionized acid will have a + or - charge.
