NSG 320 Final Exam Review
What should be given to a patient that is experiencing dangerous rhythms from
hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-IV calcium immediately (monitor BP bc calcium
can cause hypotension)
What should the IV KCl infusion rate never exceed? - CORRECT ANSWER-10 mEq/hr
Importance of digoxin and hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER-digoxin can increased
risk of toxicity if serum potassium is low. monitor for digitalis toxicity (confusion, N/V, GI
problems, lethargy)
Discharge teaching should be given... - CORRECT ANSWER-during preoperative
phase
What is the most common cause of COPD - CORRECT ANSWER-smoking
Priority nursing intervention for patient with COPD - CORRECT ANSWER--incentive
spirometry (raise o2 stats)
-assess triggers that may cause exacerbation
-SMOKING CESSATION
Respiratory Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: low
PaCo2: high
HCo3: Normal
Respiratory Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: high
Paco2: low
Hco3: normal
Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-ph: low
Paco2: normal
Hco3: low
Metabolic Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: high
Paco2: normal
HCo3: high
A1C - CORRECT ANSWER-blood test that measures glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
to assess glucose control
> 6.5% indicates diabetes
, Fasting blood glucose - CORRECT ANSWER-measurement of blood sugar after fasting
for 12 hrs
> 126 mg/dL indicated diabetes
Rapid Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine
Rapid Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-10-30 min
Rapid Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-30 min-1 hr
Rapid Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-3-5 hrs
Short Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Short Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-30 min-1 hr
Short Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-2-5 hrs
Short Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-5-8 hrs
intermediated Acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-NPH
Intermediate Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-1.5-4 hrs
Intermediate Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-4-12 hours
Intermediate Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-12-18 hours
Long Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-glargine, detemir
Long Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-0.8-4 hrs
Long Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-non
Lon Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-16-24 hrs
What types of insulins are cloudy? - CORRECT ANSWER-NPH, Lispro, Aspart
What is the first line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Metformin
(be sure to discontinue before surgery bc can cause renal failure, especially those with
contrast dyes) & take with food
hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWER-BS < 70 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER--Tremors, pallor, cold/clammy skin
What should be given to a patient that is experiencing dangerous rhythms from
hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER-IV calcium immediately (monitor BP bc calcium
can cause hypotension)
What should the IV KCl infusion rate never exceed? - CORRECT ANSWER-10 mEq/hr
Importance of digoxin and hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER-digoxin can increased
risk of toxicity if serum potassium is low. monitor for digitalis toxicity (confusion, N/V, GI
problems, lethargy)
Discharge teaching should be given... - CORRECT ANSWER-during preoperative
phase
What is the most common cause of COPD - CORRECT ANSWER-smoking
Priority nursing intervention for patient with COPD - CORRECT ANSWER--incentive
spirometry (raise o2 stats)
-assess triggers that may cause exacerbation
-SMOKING CESSATION
Respiratory Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: low
PaCo2: high
HCo3: Normal
Respiratory Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: high
Paco2: low
Hco3: normal
Metabolic Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-ph: low
Paco2: normal
Hco3: low
Metabolic Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER-pH: high
Paco2: normal
HCo3: high
A1C - CORRECT ANSWER-blood test that measures glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
to assess glucose control
> 6.5% indicates diabetes
, Fasting blood glucose - CORRECT ANSWER-measurement of blood sugar after fasting
for 12 hrs
> 126 mg/dL indicated diabetes
Rapid Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine
Rapid Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-10-30 min
Rapid Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-30 min-1 hr
Rapid Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-3-5 hrs
Short Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
Short Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-30 min-1 hr
Short Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-2-5 hrs
Short Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-5-8 hrs
intermediated Acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-NPH
Intermediate Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-1.5-4 hrs
Intermediate Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-4-12 hours
Intermediate Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-12-18 hours
Long Acting Insulins - CORRECT ANSWER-glargine, detemir
Long Acting Onset - CORRECT ANSWER-0.8-4 hrs
Long Acting Peak - CORRECT ANSWER-non
Lon Acting Duration - CORRECT ANSWER-16-24 hrs
What types of insulins are cloudy? - CORRECT ANSWER-NPH, Lispro, Aspart
What is the first line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes? - CORRECT ANSWER-Metformin
(be sure to discontinue before surgery bc can cause renal failure, especially those with
contrast dyes) & take with food
hypoglycemia - CORRECT ANSWER-BS < 70 mg/dL
Hypoglycemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER--Tremors, pallor, cold/clammy skin
