AC-HPAT CHEMISTRY EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED
Physical Properties of Oxygen: Liquid Oxygen: - Answer- Oxygen bubbles rise through
pale-blue liquid oxygen. Oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen is; water
contains approximately one molecule of O2 for every two molecules of N2, compared to
an atmospheric ratio of approximately one to four.
Nitrogen - Answer- Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at
standard conditions, constituting 78.09 percent of Earth's atmosphere by volume.
Additional Reactions - Answer- Addition reactions occur when an atom is added to a
compound that has a double or triple bond. Unsaturated compounds are associated
with addition reactions. ... Atoms can also be added to molecules in an addition
reaction. However, atoms or molecules will never be eliminated or removed during this
process.
Substitution Reactions - Answer- Substitution reaction (also known as single
displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during
which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional
group. Substitution reactions are of prime importance in organic chemistry.
Combustion Reaction - Answer- A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a
substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
Combustion reactions must involve O2 as one reactant. The combustion of hydrogen
gas produces water vapor. Notice that this reaction also qualifies as a combination
reaction.
Fermentation - Answer- Fermentation is where all alcohol is created, distillation is where
the alcohol is separated and removed. In order for fermentation to occur, two things are
needed: a raw material in liquid form that contains sugar, followed by the addition of
yeast.
galvanic cell - Answer- a device in which chemical energy is changed to electrical
energy ex. battery
, How does the redox reaction occur in the electroplating process? - Answer- Plating is
an oxidation-reduction reaction, where one material gives up electrons (gets oxidized)
and the other material gains electrons (gets reduced). The anode is the electrode at
which oxidation occurs, and the cathode is the electrode at which reduction occurs.
Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions are important because they are the principal
sources of energy on this planet, both natural or biological and artificial. Oxidation of
molecules by removal of hydrogen or combination with oxygen normally liberates large
quantities of energy.
double-displacement reaction - Answer- A double displacement reaction, also known as
a double replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of chemical reaction where two
compounds react, and the positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two
reactants switch places, forming two new compounds or products
Precipitate - Answer- precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution.
The emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is called precipitation. Often the
precipitate emerges as a suspension. Precipitates can form when two soluble salts
react in solution to form one or more insoluble products.
Energy Levels - Answer- Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances
from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. As you go farther from the
nucleus, electrons at higher energy levels have more energy. Electrons in the outermost
energy level of an atom are called valence electrons
Marquis Test - Answer- The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy testing as
MDMA turns the precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate is used to test for cocaine.
The Cobalt is mixed with the questionable substance, then drowned in hydrochloric
acid, doused in chloroform, and shaken.
What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? - Answer- Atomic
number is actually the number of protons in an atom while mass number is the number
of nucleons i. e, number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Isotopes - Answer- Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that have different
numbers of neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei that have the same number of
protons but different numbers of neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable
and therefore undergoes radioactive decay or will at some point.
Chemical Synthesis - Answer- Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex
chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which many substances
important to daily life are obtained. It is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but
most syntheses are of organic molecules.
Decomposition - Answer- A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in
which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ALREADY
PASSED
Physical Properties of Oxygen: Liquid Oxygen: - Answer- Oxygen bubbles rise through
pale-blue liquid oxygen. Oxygen is more soluble in water than nitrogen is; water
contains approximately one molecule of O2 for every two molecules of N2, compared to
an atmospheric ratio of approximately one to four.
Nitrogen - Answer- Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at
standard conditions, constituting 78.09 percent of Earth's atmosphere by volume.
Additional Reactions - Answer- Addition reactions occur when an atom is added to a
compound that has a double or triple bond. Unsaturated compounds are associated
with addition reactions. ... Atoms can also be added to molecules in an addition
reaction. However, atoms or molecules will never be eliminated or removed during this
process.
Substitution Reactions - Answer- Substitution reaction (also known as single
displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during
which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional
group. Substitution reactions are of prime importance in organic chemistry.
Combustion Reaction - Answer- A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a
substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
Combustion reactions must involve O2 as one reactant. The combustion of hydrogen
gas produces water vapor. Notice that this reaction also qualifies as a combination
reaction.
Fermentation - Answer- Fermentation is where all alcohol is created, distillation is where
the alcohol is separated and removed. In order for fermentation to occur, two things are
needed: a raw material in liquid form that contains sugar, followed by the addition of
yeast.
galvanic cell - Answer- a device in which chemical energy is changed to electrical
energy ex. battery
, How does the redox reaction occur in the electroplating process? - Answer- Plating is
an oxidation-reduction reaction, where one material gives up electrons (gets oxidized)
and the other material gains electrons (gets reduced). The anode is the electrode at
which oxidation occurs, and the cathode is the electrode at which reduction occurs.
Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions are important because they are the principal
sources of energy on this planet, both natural or biological and artificial. Oxidation of
molecules by removal of hydrogen or combination with oxygen normally liberates large
quantities of energy.
double-displacement reaction - Answer- A double displacement reaction, also known as
a double replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of chemical reaction where two
compounds react, and the positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two
reactants switch places, forming two new compounds or products
Precipitate - Answer- precipitate is an insoluble solid that emerges from a liquid solution.
The emergence of the insoluble solid from solution is called precipitation. Often the
precipitate emerges as a suspension. Precipitates can form when two soluble salts
react in solution to form one or more insoluble products.
Energy Levels - Answer- Energy levels (also called electron shells) are fixed distances
from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found. As you go farther from the
nucleus, electrons at higher energy levels have more energy. Electrons in the outermost
energy level of an atom are called valence electrons
Marquis Test - Answer- The Marquis Test is commonly used for Ecstasy testing as
MDMA turns the precipitate purple black. Cobalt thiocyanate is used to test for cocaine.
The Cobalt is mixed with the questionable substance, then drowned in hydrochloric
acid, doused in chloroform, and shaken.
What is the relation between an atomic number and a mass number? - Answer- Atomic
number is actually the number of protons in an atom while mass number is the number
of nucleons i. e, number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Isotopes - Answer- Isotopes refer to the nuclides of a certain element that have different
numbers of neutrons, or in other words, atomic nuclei that have the same number of
protons but different numbers of neutrons. A radioisotope is an isotope that is unstable
and therefore undergoes radioactive decay or will at some point.
Chemical Synthesis - Answer- Chemical synthesis, the construction of complex
chemical compounds from simpler ones. It is the process by which many substances
important to daily life are obtained. It is applied to all types of chemical compounds, but
most syntheses are of organic molecules.
Decomposition - Answer- A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in
which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds.
