FAD 3220 FINAL EXAM ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔moral reasoning level 3 - ✔✔postconventional morality: certain ideals and principles
of morality that must govern our actions
-stage 5: morality of contract, individual rights, and democratically accepted law
-stage 6: morality of individual principles and conscience
✔✔Social competence - ✔✔the collection of social skills that permit individuals to
perform successfully in social settings
✔✔Friendship - ✔✔provide children with information about the world as well as
themselves, teach children how to communicate with each other
✔✔Stage 1 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 4-7
-basing friendships on others' behaviors
-see friends as like themselves
-see friends as people to share with
-do not take into account personal traits
✔✔stage 2 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 8-10
-basing friendship on trust
-take other's personal qualities into consideration
-friends are viewed by rewards
-friendships are based on mutual trust
✔✔stage 3 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 11-15
-basing friendship on psychological closeness
-friendships become based on intimacy and loyalty
-friendships involve mutual disclosure and exclusivity
✔✔Status among school-age children - ✔✔high status children:
-exclusive and desirable cliques,
-play with more children,
-greater access to resources
low status children:
-play with lower number of children,
-play with younger or less popular children,
- follow the lead of higher status children
✔✔Peer relationships - ✔✔Popular Children
o Helpful and cooperative
o Good sense of humor
, Unpopular Children
o Lack social competence
o Immature or inappropriately silly
Neglected Unpopular Children
o Receive relatively little attention from their peers in the form of either positive
Rejection unpopular Children
o Are actively disliked ad their peers may react to them in an obviously negative manner
✔✔Family Life - ✔✔-increasing independence
-coregulation with parents
-sibiling relationships with rivalry
-when both parents are working: good adjustment of children relates to psychological
adjustment of parents, children spend essentially the same amount of time with family
✔✔Blended families - ✔✔remarried couple with at least one stepchild
-role ambiguity
-school-age children often adjust smoothly
✔✔Self-care children - ✔✔children who let themselves into their homes after school and
wait alone until their caretakers return from work
✔✔Families with Gay and Lesbian Parents - ✔✔o 20% of gay men and lesbian women
are parents
- No difference in psychological adjustment
- Specialization of roles develops
✔✔Adolescence - ✔✔the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood-
years are ages 12-20
starts before teenage years and ending just after them; transitional stage; time of
considerable physical and psychological growth and change
✔✔physical maturation - ✔✔-development of sex characteristics
-changes in body composition
-change in circulatory and respiratory systems
-growth hormones + sex hormones = growth spurt and puberty
✔✔sexual maturation - ✔✔primary sex characteristics: development of organs and
structures of the body
secondary sex characteristics: signs of maturity that do not involve the sex organs
✔✔Puberty - ✔✔the period during which the sexual organs mature
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔moral reasoning level 3 - ✔✔postconventional morality: certain ideals and principles
of morality that must govern our actions
-stage 5: morality of contract, individual rights, and democratically accepted law
-stage 6: morality of individual principles and conscience
✔✔Social competence - ✔✔the collection of social skills that permit individuals to
perform successfully in social settings
✔✔Friendship - ✔✔provide children with information about the world as well as
themselves, teach children how to communicate with each other
✔✔Stage 1 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 4-7
-basing friendships on others' behaviors
-see friends as like themselves
-see friends as people to share with
-do not take into account personal traits
✔✔stage 2 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 8-10
-basing friendship on trust
-take other's personal qualities into consideration
-friends are viewed by rewards
-friendships are based on mutual trust
✔✔stage 3 of friendship - ✔✔-ages 11-15
-basing friendship on psychological closeness
-friendships become based on intimacy and loyalty
-friendships involve mutual disclosure and exclusivity
✔✔Status among school-age children - ✔✔high status children:
-exclusive and desirable cliques,
-play with more children,
-greater access to resources
low status children:
-play with lower number of children,
-play with younger or less popular children,
- follow the lead of higher status children
✔✔Peer relationships - ✔✔Popular Children
o Helpful and cooperative
o Good sense of humor
, Unpopular Children
o Lack social competence
o Immature or inappropriately silly
Neglected Unpopular Children
o Receive relatively little attention from their peers in the form of either positive
Rejection unpopular Children
o Are actively disliked ad their peers may react to them in an obviously negative manner
✔✔Family Life - ✔✔-increasing independence
-coregulation with parents
-sibiling relationships with rivalry
-when both parents are working: good adjustment of children relates to psychological
adjustment of parents, children spend essentially the same amount of time with family
✔✔Blended families - ✔✔remarried couple with at least one stepchild
-role ambiguity
-school-age children often adjust smoothly
✔✔Self-care children - ✔✔children who let themselves into their homes after school and
wait alone until their caretakers return from work
✔✔Families with Gay and Lesbian Parents - ✔✔o 20% of gay men and lesbian women
are parents
- No difference in psychological adjustment
- Specialization of roles develops
✔✔Adolescence - ✔✔the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood-
years are ages 12-20
starts before teenage years and ending just after them; transitional stage; time of
considerable physical and psychological growth and change
✔✔physical maturation - ✔✔-development of sex characteristics
-changes in body composition
-change in circulatory and respiratory systems
-growth hormones + sex hormones = growth spurt and puberty
✔✔sexual maturation - ✔✔primary sex characteristics: development of organs and
structures of the body
secondary sex characteristics: signs of maturity that do not involve the sex organs
✔✔Puberty - ✔✔the period during which the sexual organs mature
