Exam 3 NURS 175 Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Exam 3 NURS 175 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers

Definition of pain - Answer-whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing
whenever the experiencing person says it does


Classifications of Pain - Answer-- Duration
- Localization/location
- Etiology


Duration - Answer-- Acute
- Chronic


Acute Pain - Answer-- Rapid onset, varies in intensity and duration
- Protective in nature


Chronic Pain - Answer-- May be limited, intermittent, or persistent
- Lasts beyond the normal healing period
- Periods of remission or exacerbation are common


Localization/location - Answer-- Cutaneous
- Somatic
- Visceral
- Referred

,Gate Control Theory of Pain - Answer-- Describes the transmission of painful
stimuli & recognizes a relationship between pain & emotion
- Small- & large- diameter nerve fibers conduct & inhibit pain stimuli toward the
brain
- Gating mechanisms determine the impulses that reach the brain


Responses to Pain - Answer-- Behavioral (voluntary)
- Physiologic (involuntary)
- Affective


Behavioral responses to pain - Answer-- grimacing, crying, moaning
- restlessness, protecting area, moving away


Physiologic responses to pain - Answer-- Sympathetic responses
- Parasympathetic responses


Sympathetic responses to Pain: Moderate & Superficial - Answer-- Increased BP,
Pulse, RR
- pupil dilation
- muscle tension
- palor
- increased adrenaline output
- increased blood glucose

,Parasympathetic Responses to Pain: Severe & Deep - Answer-- N/V
- fainting/unconsciousness
- decreased BP, HR
- prostration
- rapid & irregular breathing


Affective responses to pain - Answer-- exaggerated weeping/restlessness
- withdrawl
- stoicism
- anxiety
- depression
- fear
- anger


Factors affecting pain - Answer-- culture
- ethnic variables
- family, sex, gender, age
- religious beliefs
- environment & support people
- anxiety & other stressors
- past pain experiences
- perception of pain

, Nonpharmacologic Pain Relief Measures - Answer-- Distraction
- Humor
- Music
- Imagery
- Relaxation
- Cutaneous stimulation
- Acupuncture
- Hypnosis
- Biofeedback
- Therapeutic touch
- Animal-facilitated therapy


Cutaneous stimalation - Answer-- Decreases pain & muscle tension
- Cold (constricts blood vessels & decreases bleeding, capillary permeability,
inflammation, cellular metabolism)
- Heat (dilates blood vessels & increases bleeding, capillary permeability,
oxygenation, cellular metabolism)


Nonopiod Analgesics - Answer-- acetaminophen
- non-steriodal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- ketorolac (Toradol) not to exceed 5 days, needs a RX


Opiod Analgensics - Answer-- Morphine
- Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
- Hydrocodone w/ acetaminophen (Vicodin)