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WGU C175 Study Notecards
Questions and Answers Latest 2026
Flat Files Ans: a file having no internal hierarchy
Hashed Files Ans: A file that has been encrypted for
security purposes.
Heap File Ans: An unsorted set of records.
Information Ans: The transformation of raw data into
useful facts.
Punch Card Ans: A card that is perforated and can hold
commands or data.
Structured Data Ans: Information with a high degree of
organization.
Unstructured Data Ans: Information that does not have
structure (such as text)
Binary Relationship Ans: A relationship between two
entity types.
Unary Relationship Ans: An associate occurrence of an
entity type with other occurrences of the same entity
type.
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Cardinality Ans: The maximum number of entities that
can be involved in a particular relationship.
E-R Model
*E-R = Entity - Relationship Ans: Diagram of entities
together with their attributes and the relationship among
them.
Intersection Data Ans: It is data that describes a many-to-
many relationship.
Modality Ans: It is a minimum number of entity
occurrences that can be involved in a relationship.
One-to-one Binary Relationship Ans: It means that a
single occurrence of one entity type can be associated
with a single occurrence of the other entity type and vice
versa.
Ternary Relationship Ans: Involves three different entity
types.
Unique identifier Ans: It is used to uniquely identify each
record in a database table.
Attribute Ans: A property, characteristic, or fact that we
know about an entity.
"A salesperson works in one office."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: One-to-one
binary relationship
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"A salesperson sells to many customers."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: One-to-many
binary relationship
"A salesperson is authorized to sell many products, and a
product can be sold by many salespersons."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: Many-to-
many binary relationship
What is the positioning and meaning for Cardinality and
Modality on an E-R model? Ans: Cardinality is the outer
symbol; represents the maximum.
Modality is the inner symbol; represents the minimum.
"One salesperson backs-up another salesperson."
What is the name of this model? Ans: One-to-one unary
relationship
"A salesperson manages zero to many other
salespersons, and a salesperson is managed by exactly
one other salesperson."
What is the name of this model? Ans: One-to-many unary
relationship
"A product can either be part of no other products or be
part of several other products, and a product can either
be composed of no other products or be composed of
several other products."
© 2025 All rights reserved
WGU C175 Study Notecards
Questions and Answers Latest 2026
Flat Files Ans: a file having no internal hierarchy
Hashed Files Ans: A file that has been encrypted for
security purposes.
Heap File Ans: An unsorted set of records.
Information Ans: The transformation of raw data into
useful facts.
Punch Card Ans: A card that is perforated and can hold
commands or data.
Structured Data Ans: Information with a high degree of
organization.
Unstructured Data Ans: Information that does not have
structure (such as text)
Binary Relationship Ans: A relationship between two
entity types.
Unary Relationship Ans: An associate occurrence of an
entity type with other occurrences of the same entity
type.
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
Cardinality Ans: The maximum number of entities that
can be involved in a particular relationship.
E-R Model
*E-R = Entity - Relationship Ans: Diagram of entities
together with their attributes and the relationship among
them.
Intersection Data Ans: It is data that describes a many-to-
many relationship.
Modality Ans: It is a minimum number of entity
occurrences that can be involved in a relationship.
One-to-one Binary Relationship Ans: It means that a
single occurrence of one entity type can be associated
with a single occurrence of the other entity type and vice
versa.
Ternary Relationship Ans: Involves three different entity
types.
Unique identifier Ans: It is used to uniquely identify each
record in a database table.
Attribute Ans: A property, characteristic, or fact that we
know about an entity.
"A salesperson works in one office."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: One-to-one
binary relationship
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
"A salesperson sells to many customers."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: One-to-many
binary relationship
"A salesperson is authorized to sell many products, and a
product can be sold by many salespersons."
What is the name of this relationship? Ans: Many-to-
many binary relationship
What is the positioning and meaning for Cardinality and
Modality on an E-R model? Ans: Cardinality is the outer
symbol; represents the maximum.
Modality is the inner symbol; represents the minimum.
"One salesperson backs-up another salesperson."
What is the name of this model? Ans: One-to-one unary
relationship
"A salesperson manages zero to many other
salespersons, and a salesperson is managed by exactly
one other salesperson."
What is the name of this model? Ans: One-to-many unary
relationship
"A product can either be part of no other products or be
part of several other products, and a product can either
be composed of no other products or be composed of
several other products."
© 2025 All rights reserved
