ATI CONTENT MASTERY
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
Preventing skin breakdown - ANSWERS-Observe the skin for
breakdown/pressure areas
Observed for discoloration (pallor, redness, purplish color)
Check over bony prominences for breakdown
Assess skin every 2 hours
Position to prevent breakdown (use of pillows, wedges, foot boots,
Trochanter rolls, splints, etc)
Turn every 1 to 2 hours and use devices for support
Teach client to move independently every 15 minutes
Use a therapeutic mattress for clients who are in bed for extended
periods of time
Provide skin and perineal care of prevent breakdown
Calculating dose of gentamycin - ANSWERS-Know dosage
calculations for IM and IV administration
Enteral administration of medication - ANSWERS-Flush tube with 15
mL of sterile water between medications and after administration
Use medication solutions if possible
If using pill, make sure pill can be crushed (cannot crush enteric
coated or extended release pills)
If using capsules (make sure not extended release)
,If crushing meds, make sure med is crushed thoroughly and mix in 30
mL on water to administer and flush with 30 mL of water after
administration
Mixing two insulins in the same syringe - ANSWERS-Inject air into
intermediate acting (NPH) insulin (cloudy) vial first
Then inject air into short acting (regular) insulin (clear) vial
Then withdraw insulin from short acting insulin vial
Then withdraw insulin from intermediate acting insulin vial
Preparing an injectable medication from a vial - ANSWERS-
Determine mL of medication needed
Insert same air into vial that equals same mL of med needed
Insert vial
Draw up mL of med
Make sure needle is below medication solution
Selection of an IV site - ANSWERS-Use distal veins on non-
dominant hand first
Avoid: varicose or tortuous veins; veins in the binder wrist on
bifurcations; veins in areas of flexion; veins in lower extremities;
veins in the antecubital fossa (unless in the emergency room); veins in
the back of the hand; veins in an extremity with impaired sensitivity,
lymph nodes removed, recent infiltration, a PICC line in place, a AV
fistula Or graft in place, recent surgery for mastectomy; veins with
previous venipunctures
, Inserting an IV catheter - ANSWERS-See pages 300 to 301 ATI
fundamentals
Error reduction administering a controlled substance - ANSWERS-
Follow clients rights
Assess respiratory rate (if respiratory rate >10 hold dose)
Assess other vital signs
Calculating diphenhydramine solution - ANSWERS-Know dosage
calculation for PO, IM, and IV administration
IV med administration - ANSWERS-Always use infusion pump to
administer medication that can cause serious adverse reactions
Never administer potassium chloride by IV bolus
Never administer IV medication through tubing that is infusing blood,
blood products, TPN, or chemotherapeutic agents
Verify compatibility of medication with IV solutions before infusing a
medication through a tube that has another medication of IV fluid
running through it
Promoting vein dilation prior to inserting IV - ANSWERS-Apply a
clean tourniquet or blood pressure cuff 10-15 cm above the IV
insertion site to compress only venous flow
Adverse interaction priority assessment findings - ANSWERS-These
are undesirable and potentially dangerous responses to a medication
FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
Preventing skin breakdown - ANSWERS-Observe the skin for
breakdown/pressure areas
Observed for discoloration (pallor, redness, purplish color)
Check over bony prominences for breakdown
Assess skin every 2 hours
Position to prevent breakdown (use of pillows, wedges, foot boots,
Trochanter rolls, splints, etc)
Turn every 1 to 2 hours and use devices for support
Teach client to move independently every 15 minutes
Use a therapeutic mattress for clients who are in bed for extended
periods of time
Provide skin and perineal care of prevent breakdown
Calculating dose of gentamycin - ANSWERS-Know dosage
calculations for IM and IV administration
Enteral administration of medication - ANSWERS-Flush tube with 15
mL of sterile water between medications and after administration
Use medication solutions if possible
If using pill, make sure pill can be crushed (cannot crush enteric
coated or extended release pills)
If using capsules (make sure not extended release)
,If crushing meds, make sure med is crushed thoroughly and mix in 30
mL on water to administer and flush with 30 mL of water after
administration
Mixing two insulins in the same syringe - ANSWERS-Inject air into
intermediate acting (NPH) insulin (cloudy) vial first
Then inject air into short acting (regular) insulin (clear) vial
Then withdraw insulin from short acting insulin vial
Then withdraw insulin from intermediate acting insulin vial
Preparing an injectable medication from a vial - ANSWERS-
Determine mL of medication needed
Insert same air into vial that equals same mL of med needed
Insert vial
Draw up mL of med
Make sure needle is below medication solution
Selection of an IV site - ANSWERS-Use distal veins on non-
dominant hand first
Avoid: varicose or tortuous veins; veins in the binder wrist on
bifurcations; veins in areas of flexion; veins in lower extremities;
veins in the antecubital fossa (unless in the emergency room); veins in
the back of the hand; veins in an extremity with impaired sensitivity,
lymph nodes removed, recent infiltration, a PICC line in place, a AV
fistula Or graft in place, recent surgery for mastectomy; veins with
previous venipunctures
, Inserting an IV catheter - ANSWERS-See pages 300 to 301 ATI
fundamentals
Error reduction administering a controlled substance - ANSWERS-
Follow clients rights
Assess respiratory rate (if respiratory rate >10 hold dose)
Assess other vital signs
Calculating diphenhydramine solution - ANSWERS-Know dosage
calculation for PO, IM, and IV administration
IV med administration - ANSWERS-Always use infusion pump to
administer medication that can cause serious adverse reactions
Never administer potassium chloride by IV bolus
Never administer IV medication through tubing that is infusing blood,
blood products, TPN, or chemotherapeutic agents
Verify compatibility of medication with IV solutions before infusing a
medication through a tube that has another medication of IV fluid
running through it
Promoting vein dilation prior to inserting IV - ANSWERS-Apply a
clean tourniquet or blood pressure cuff 10-15 cm above the IV
insertion site to compress only venous flow
Adverse interaction priority assessment findings - ANSWERS-These
are undesirable and potentially dangerous responses to a medication
