KETTERING (SPECIAL PROCEDURES)
EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Explain the purpose of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO). ANSWER - Means of
increasing the PO₂ by increasing the barometric pressure
List the diseases/disorders that can be treated with hyperbaric O₂ therapy. ANSWER - CO
poisoning
- Decompression sickness (bends)
- Tissue transplants/graphs
- Anaerobic infections (gas gangrene)
What are the pressures in which HBO therapy is conducted?. ANSWER - Most HBO
therapy is conducted at pressures between 2-3 atmosphere pressure absolute (ATA).
a) Typical chamber can provide pressure between 2-6 ATA.
Describe how the respiratory therapist would administer oxygen to a patient receiving
hyperbaric oxygen therapy. ANSWER - It is administered by mask or through the chamber
at 100%
Describe the purpose of utilizing Helium/Oxygen therapy for patients who have increased
work of breathing (WOB). ANSWER - Decreases the patient's WOB by delivering low
density gas (most important property) that can easily maneuver around obstructions
State the indications of Helium/Oxygen therapy. ANSWER - Post extubation stridor
- Severe asthma/status asthmaticus
- Obstructive tumors
- Foreign object aspiration
- Partial vocal cord paralysis
, List the two He/O₂ mixtures that are available. ANSWER - 80% He/20% O₂ (most used)
- 70% He/30% O₂
What type of oxygen administration device is used to deliver Helium/Oxygen therapy?.
ANSWER - Non-rebreathing mask
What would the actual flow rate be if a 70/30 heliox mixture is used with an oxygen
flowmeter set at a rate of 8 L/min?. ANSWER - Actual Flow= indicated flow × factor
Factors:
a) 80/20 mixture: 1.8 (or use 2)
b) 70/30 mixture: 1.6
Ex: Actual Flow = indicated flow × factor
Actual flow = 8 L/min × 1.6
Actual flow = 12.8 L/min
Describe the physiologic effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) on the pulmonary system.
ANSWER -Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) acts as a potent pulmonary vasodilator, which
improves pulmonary blood flow and PaO₂, but does not affect systemic blood pressure.
List the 4 indications for inhaled nitric oxide therapy. ANSWER - Primary pulmonary
hypertension
- Refractory hypoxemia related to increased pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)
- Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
- Right heart failure/Cor Pulmonale
State the standard initial dose for iNO therapy. ANSWER - 20-40 ppm (parts per million)
EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Explain the purpose of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBO). ANSWER - Means of
increasing the PO₂ by increasing the barometric pressure
List the diseases/disorders that can be treated with hyperbaric O₂ therapy. ANSWER - CO
poisoning
- Decompression sickness (bends)
- Tissue transplants/graphs
- Anaerobic infections (gas gangrene)
What are the pressures in which HBO therapy is conducted?. ANSWER - Most HBO
therapy is conducted at pressures between 2-3 atmosphere pressure absolute (ATA).
a) Typical chamber can provide pressure between 2-6 ATA.
Describe how the respiratory therapist would administer oxygen to a patient receiving
hyperbaric oxygen therapy. ANSWER - It is administered by mask or through the chamber
at 100%
Describe the purpose of utilizing Helium/Oxygen therapy for patients who have increased
work of breathing (WOB). ANSWER - Decreases the patient's WOB by delivering low
density gas (most important property) that can easily maneuver around obstructions
State the indications of Helium/Oxygen therapy. ANSWER - Post extubation stridor
- Severe asthma/status asthmaticus
- Obstructive tumors
- Foreign object aspiration
- Partial vocal cord paralysis
, List the two He/O₂ mixtures that are available. ANSWER - 80% He/20% O₂ (most used)
- 70% He/30% O₂
What type of oxygen administration device is used to deliver Helium/Oxygen therapy?.
ANSWER - Non-rebreathing mask
What would the actual flow rate be if a 70/30 heliox mixture is used with an oxygen
flowmeter set at a rate of 8 L/min?. ANSWER - Actual Flow= indicated flow × factor
Factors:
a) 80/20 mixture: 1.8 (or use 2)
b) 70/30 mixture: 1.6
Ex: Actual Flow = indicated flow × factor
Actual flow = 8 L/min × 1.6
Actual flow = 12.8 L/min
Describe the physiologic effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) on the pulmonary system.
ANSWER -Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) acts as a potent pulmonary vasodilator, which
improves pulmonary blood flow and PaO₂, but does not affect systemic blood pressure.
List the 4 indications for inhaled nitric oxide therapy. ANSWER - Primary pulmonary
hypertension
- Refractory hypoxemia related to increased pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)
- Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
- Right heart failure/Cor Pulmonale
State the standard initial dose for iNO therapy. ANSWER - 20-40 ppm (parts per million)
