CALT Exam Study Guide Questions And Verified
Answers| 2026 Updated
Alexia
The loss of the ability to read, as the result of a brain injury.
Aphasia
Impairs the ability to speak and understand others.
Articulation
The act or manner of producing sounds.
Echolalia
Imitation of the mother's sounds, rhythm and tone.
Hyperlexia
The superior ability to reads words without comprehension.
,Lexicon
An inventory of word knowledge, either spoken or written. EX: dictionary,
encyclopedia
Otitis Media
Inflammation of the middle ear that can lead to temporary conductive hearing
loss or permanent hearing loss.
Receptive Language Disorder
The inability to understand or comprehend language heard or read.
Expressive Language Disorder
The inability to put thoughts into words or sentences in ways that make sense and
is grammatically correct.
Phonology
Smallest unit of sound. The sounds of letters. Ex: Cat=3 phonemes (c) (a) (t).
,Syntax
The grammar system of language. The way words are strung together. Ex: words
and punctuation to form sentences, clauses or phrases.
Semantics
Word meaning in language. Ex: final destination = last stop
Discourse
Written or spoken communication or debate. Ex: Formal writing, a speech.
Morphology
The smallest unit of language that convey meaning. Ex: Root words
Pragmatics
Incapable of understanding the speakers intent (requests and tones) Ex: Can't you
turn down the T.V.? = means no; not yes.
, Alphabetic Language
A language in which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and letter clusters to represent phonemes in an orthography.
(spelling)
Anglo Saxon
The language of the Germanic peoples (Angles, Saxons and Jutes) who settles in
Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries. It was the dominant language in Britain until
the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Analytic Instruction
Instruction that separates the whole into its parts to reveal its relationships.
(Whole to Part) (Top Down) (Concept driven)
Analytic Phonics
Students hear the whole word and segment into phonemes or sounds in order to
spell. (whole to part) Ex: Pit = (p) (i) (t)
Answers| 2026 Updated
Alexia
The loss of the ability to read, as the result of a brain injury.
Aphasia
Impairs the ability to speak and understand others.
Articulation
The act or manner of producing sounds.
Echolalia
Imitation of the mother's sounds, rhythm and tone.
Hyperlexia
The superior ability to reads words without comprehension.
,Lexicon
An inventory of word knowledge, either spoken or written. EX: dictionary,
encyclopedia
Otitis Media
Inflammation of the middle ear that can lead to temporary conductive hearing
loss or permanent hearing loss.
Receptive Language Disorder
The inability to understand or comprehend language heard or read.
Expressive Language Disorder
The inability to put thoughts into words or sentences in ways that make sense and
is grammatically correct.
Phonology
Smallest unit of sound. The sounds of letters. Ex: Cat=3 phonemes (c) (a) (t).
,Syntax
The grammar system of language. The way words are strung together. Ex: words
and punctuation to form sentences, clauses or phrases.
Semantics
Word meaning in language. Ex: final destination = last stop
Discourse
Written or spoken communication or debate. Ex: Formal writing, a speech.
Morphology
The smallest unit of language that convey meaning. Ex: Root words
Pragmatics
Incapable of understanding the speakers intent (requests and tones) Ex: Can't you
turn down the T.V.? = means no; not yes.
, Alphabetic Language
A language in which letters are used systematically to represent speech sounds.
Alphabetic Principle
The use of letters and letter clusters to represent phonemes in an orthography.
(spelling)
Anglo Saxon
The language of the Germanic peoples (Angles, Saxons and Jutes) who settles in
Britain in the 5th and 6th centuries. It was the dominant language in Britain until
the Norman Conquest in 1066.
Analytic Instruction
Instruction that separates the whole into its parts to reveal its relationships.
(Whole to Part) (Top Down) (Concept driven)
Analytic Phonics
Students hear the whole word and segment into phonemes or sounds in order to
spell. (whole to part) Ex: Pit = (p) (i) (t)
