NSG 5140- Respiratory
disorders/assessment Exam
Questions and Answers 100% PASS
Acute Respiratory Failure - CORRECT ANSWER--gas exchange is inadequate
(insufficient amount of O2 for transfer and/or insufficient removal of CO2).
- condition not disease
- can be due to pneumonia or COPD
- hypoxemic or hypercapnic
Hypoxemia - CORRECT ANSWER-- low levels of oxygen within the blood (O2
under 90%)
- PaCO2 over 60 mmHg
- often due to pneumonia. pulmonary emboli, smoke inhalation, or heart failure
hypercapnia - CORRECT ANSWER-- an excessive amount of CO2 in the blood
- measured by pulse oximeter and arterial blood gasses
- PaCO2 under 45 mmHg
, - lead to an acid-base imbalance
- causes: trauma (rib fracture), CNS depressant meds, neuromuscular diseases
Causes of Hypoxemia - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Ventilation: not enough air
entering the lungs. Insufficient blood supply. (Asthma, COPD)
2. Shunting: Blood did not go to the lungs for gas exchange. This can be due to
atrial or ventricular septal defects.
3. Diffusion limitation: decrease om gas exchange due to capillary membrane being
thickened or destroyed.
4. Alveolar hypoventilation: decrease in ventilation causing an increase in CO2
levels due to restrictive lung disease, chest wall dysfunction, or neuromuscular
disease.
Respiratory failure: airways and alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER-- fluid enters the
lungs and interferes with gas exchange.
- bronchospasms reduce airflow
- alveoli destroyed
- viscous secretions blocking gas exhange
Respiratory failure: CNS - CORRECT ANSWER-- opioids or CNS depressant
meds
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
disorders/assessment Exam
Questions and Answers 100% PASS
Acute Respiratory Failure - CORRECT ANSWER--gas exchange is inadequate
(insufficient amount of O2 for transfer and/or insufficient removal of CO2).
- condition not disease
- can be due to pneumonia or COPD
- hypoxemic or hypercapnic
Hypoxemia - CORRECT ANSWER-- low levels of oxygen within the blood (O2
under 90%)
- PaCO2 over 60 mmHg
- often due to pneumonia. pulmonary emboli, smoke inhalation, or heart failure
hypercapnia - CORRECT ANSWER-- an excessive amount of CO2 in the blood
- measured by pulse oximeter and arterial blood gasses
- PaCO2 under 45 mmHg
, - lead to an acid-base imbalance
- causes: trauma (rib fracture), CNS depressant meds, neuromuscular diseases
Causes of Hypoxemia - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Ventilation: not enough air
entering the lungs. Insufficient blood supply. (Asthma, COPD)
2. Shunting: Blood did not go to the lungs for gas exchange. This can be due to
atrial or ventricular septal defects.
3. Diffusion limitation: decrease om gas exchange due to capillary membrane being
thickened or destroyed.
4. Alveolar hypoventilation: decrease in ventilation causing an increase in CO2
levels due to restrictive lung disease, chest wall dysfunction, or neuromuscular
disease.
Respiratory failure: airways and alveoli - CORRECT ANSWER-- fluid enters the
lungs and interferes with gas exchange.
- bronchospasms reduce airflow
- alveoli destroyed
- viscous secretions blocking gas exhange
Respiratory failure: CNS - CORRECT ANSWER-- opioids or CNS depressant
meds
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
