The Great Trek & Frontier Conflicts Transformation of South Africa
• 1835–1845: 14,000 Dutch farmers migrated inland. • British occupied the Cape (1795–1803), officially took control in 1806.
• Settlements and treaties claimed land; conflicts with indigenous tribes. • British colonization altered political, social, and economic life.
• Boer raids and capture of children (inboekselinge). • Indigenous peoples and Dutch farmers faced unfamiliar capitalist
• Indigenous Africans lost land; resistance waned. systems.
Labour & Trade Changes Key Concepts
• Capitalism: Investing for profit.
• Shift from slave to wage labour; regulation laws • Frontier: Border between cultures.
introduced. • Expansion: Growing in size.
• Labour shortages led to squatting and unrest.
• Cape became a trade hub; exports: wine, imports
T5: Colonial • Emancipation: Freeing slaves.
Sample
• Indentured Labour: Contracted work for
from Asia. expansion after
fixed periods.
• British expanded borders, establishing farms and 1750
settlements.
(A)
• Many Dutch settlers (Trekboers) moved inland, Key Figures
some succeeded with Merino sheep.
• Sir Bartle Frere (British High Commissioner)
•
Summaries after sample
Strategic Importance of the Cape
Key sea-route to East Asia.
•
•
•
•
•
Cetshwayo (Zulu King during Anglo-Zulu War)
Dingane (Zulu King before Voortrekkers)
Nongqawuse (Xhosa cattle-killing prophet)
Moshoeshoe (Basotho king)
Voortrekker leaders: Piet Retief, Hendrik
• Fertile climate for wool, wine,
Potgieter, Louis Trichardt
meat exports.
• Theophilus Shepstone (Natal Native Affairs
Secretary)
Economic Impact of Britain British Control of the Cape
• Britain’s wealth from Atlantic Slave Trade (until 1807). • Khoisan lost land; San moved north.
• Slaves worked on plantations; profits fueled industrial • British policies:
growth. • Failed attempts to settle San on missions.
• Abolition of slave trade (1807) and slavery (1833) shifted • Pass system to force Khoikhoi into farm labour.
labour systems. • Ordinance 50 (1828): Allowed Khoikhoi free movement, aimed at labour recruitment.
• Society transformed with wage labour replacing slavery. • Khoikhoi responded by fleeing or becoming refugees.
GR10 HIST T3-T1 Mind Map Ace It Copyright © www.summariessa.co.za (DO NOT COPY)
, Sample
Summaries after sample
• 1835–1845: 14,000 Dutch farmers migrated inland. • British occupied the Cape (1795–1803), officially took control in 1806.
• Settlements and treaties claimed land; conflicts with indigenous tribes. • British colonization altered political, social, and economic life.
• Boer raids and capture of children (inboekselinge). • Indigenous peoples and Dutch farmers faced unfamiliar capitalist
• Indigenous Africans lost land; resistance waned. systems.
Labour & Trade Changes Key Concepts
• Capitalism: Investing for profit.
• Shift from slave to wage labour; regulation laws • Frontier: Border between cultures.
introduced. • Expansion: Growing in size.
• Labour shortages led to squatting and unrest.
• Cape became a trade hub; exports: wine, imports
T5: Colonial • Emancipation: Freeing slaves.
Sample
• Indentured Labour: Contracted work for
from Asia. expansion after
fixed periods.
• British expanded borders, establishing farms and 1750
settlements.
(A)
• Many Dutch settlers (Trekboers) moved inland, Key Figures
some succeeded with Merino sheep.
• Sir Bartle Frere (British High Commissioner)
•
Summaries after sample
Strategic Importance of the Cape
Key sea-route to East Asia.
•
•
•
•
•
Cetshwayo (Zulu King during Anglo-Zulu War)
Dingane (Zulu King before Voortrekkers)
Nongqawuse (Xhosa cattle-killing prophet)
Moshoeshoe (Basotho king)
Voortrekker leaders: Piet Retief, Hendrik
• Fertile climate for wool, wine,
Potgieter, Louis Trichardt
meat exports.
• Theophilus Shepstone (Natal Native Affairs
Secretary)
Economic Impact of Britain British Control of the Cape
• Britain’s wealth from Atlantic Slave Trade (until 1807). • Khoisan lost land; San moved north.
• Slaves worked on plantations; profits fueled industrial • British policies:
growth. • Failed attempts to settle San on missions.
• Abolition of slave trade (1807) and slavery (1833) shifted • Pass system to force Khoikhoi into farm labour.
labour systems. • Ordinance 50 (1828): Allowed Khoikhoi free movement, aimed at labour recruitment.
• Society transformed with wage labour replacing slavery. • Khoikhoi responded by fleeing or becoming refugees.
GR10 HIST T3-T1 Mind Map Ace It Copyright © www.summariessa.co.za (DO NOT COPY)
, Sample
Summaries after sample
