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Samenvatting Samengestelde stoffen rondom ons

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Samengestelde stoffen rondom ons

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Institution
Secondary school
Study
2e graad
Course
School year
4

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Uploaded on
January 4, 2026
Number of pages
2
Written in
2025/2026
Type
Summary

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2.3 DE ORGANISCHE SAMENGESTELDE STOFFEN RONDOM ONS
2.3.2 Waarom een groot aantal koolstofverbindingen?
 C altijd 4 bindingen
 Ketenvorming
= rechtlijnig

= vertakt

= cyclisch




 De verschillende bindingsmogelijkheden
Enkele: CH3 – CH3 dubbele: CH2 = CH2 drievoudige: CH=-CH


2.3.3 De n-alkanen
1. Algemene formule CnH2n+2
2. Naamvorming
Voorzetsel + uitgang “aan”

1C = meth 5C = pent
2C = eth 6C = hex
3C = prop 7C = hept
4C= but 8C = oct
9C = non
10 = dec
/\/\/\ àzaagtand
B. Destillatie van aardolie
àruwe aardolie is een mengsel van koolstofwater met uiteenlopende ketenlengte. De destillatie van ruwe
aardolie heeft tot doel uit het mengsel een aantal fracties met specifieke eigenschappen en toepassingen af te
zonderen


Alkanen kraken
- Geen o2 want dan:
verbranding
- Wat er over blijft?
- CO2 en H2O




petroleumether C5-C6 Oplosmiddel voor aardolie, plantaardige en dierlijke vetten
benzine C6-C10 Brandstof voor motoren van wagens
White spirit C9-C11 Oplosmiddel voor olieverf
kerosine C10-C18 Brandstof vliegtuigen
Diesel en lichte stookolie C12-C18 Brandstof dieselmotoren, branders verwarming
paraffine C16-C17 Kaarsen
bitumen C18 Wegenbouw, afdichting leidingen, woningbouw
- Alkanen en alkenen
-
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