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Chem 1301 Exam 4 with accurate detailed || || || || || || ||
solutions
Energy - ✔✔the capacity to do work or produce heat
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Thermochemistry - ✔✔The study of the heat absorbed or evolved by a chemical reaction || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Kinetic Energy - ✔✔Electromagnetic, mechanical, electrical, thermal
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Associated with motion || ||
Potential - ✔✔Gravitational, electrostatic, chemical, nuclear
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Associated with position || ||
System - ✔✔Part of the universe that is being studied
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Surroundings - ✔✔Everything else in the universe with which the system can exchange energy
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Universe formula - ✔✔System + surroundings
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First Law of Thermodynamics - ✔✔Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be
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created or destroyed
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ΔE - ✔✔Change in the internal energy
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, 2
Internal Energy (E or U) - ✔✔The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all particles in the
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system
ΔE System - ✔✔q (heat) + w (work)
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When Q is positive... - ✔✔Heat is absorbed by the system (endothermic)
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When Q is negative... - ✔✔Heat is released by the system (exothermic)
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When W is positive... - ✔✔Work is being done on the system
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Ex. Compression, system is not doing the work
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When W is negative... - ✔✔Work is being done by the system
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Ex. Expansion of gas
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State Functions - ✔✔Properties that are determined by the state of the system, regardless of how
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that condition was achieved
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- energy, pressure, volume, temperature, enthalpy
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Q and W are not state functions
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Enthalpy equation - ✔✔H = E + PV || || || || || || ||
Enthalpy is an extensive property - ✔✔Extensive properties are dependent on the amount of
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matter involved ||
- if you double the amount of matter, you double the enthalpy
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If the state of matter changes, enthalpy.... - ✔✔Changes as well
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Chem 1301 Exam 4 with accurate detailed || || || || || || ||
solutions
Energy - ✔✔the capacity to do work or produce heat
|| || || || || || || || ||
Thermochemistry - ✔✔The study of the heat absorbed or evolved by a chemical reaction || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Kinetic Energy - ✔✔Electromagnetic, mechanical, electrical, thermal
|| || || || || ||
Associated with motion || ||
Potential - ✔✔Gravitational, electrostatic, chemical, nuclear
|| || || || ||
Associated with position || ||
System - ✔✔Part of the universe that is being studied
|| || || || || || || || ||
Surroundings - ✔✔Everything else in the universe with which the system can exchange energy
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Universe formula - ✔✔System + surroundings
|| || || || ||
First Law of Thermodynamics - ✔✔Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
created or destroyed
|| ||
ΔE - ✔✔Change in the internal energy
|| || || || || ||
, 2
Internal Energy (E or U) - ✔✔The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all particles in the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
system
ΔE System - ✔✔q (heat) + w (work)
|| || || || || || ||
When Q is positive... - ✔✔Heat is absorbed by the system (endothermic)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
When Q is negative... - ✔✔Heat is released by the system (exothermic)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
When W is positive... - ✔✔Work is being done on the system
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Ex. Compression, system is not doing the work
|| || || || || || ||
When W is negative... - ✔✔Work is being done by the system
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Ex. Expansion of gas
|| || ||
State Functions - ✔✔Properties that are determined by the state of the system, regardless of how
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
that condition was achieved
|| || ||
- energy, pressure, volume, temperature, enthalpy
|| || || || ||
Q and W are not state functions
|| || || || || ||
Enthalpy equation - ✔✔H = E + PV || || || || || || ||
Enthalpy is an extensive property - ✔✔Extensive properties are dependent on the amount of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
matter involved ||
- if you double the amount of matter, you double the enthalpy
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
If the state of matter changes, enthalpy.... - ✔✔Changes as well
|| || || || || || || || || ||
