2
Chemistry 1301 Final Exam Review questions with accurate || || || || || || ||
detailed solutions
|| ||
Atom - ✔✔-the submicroscopic particle that constitutes the fundamental building block of
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
ordinary matter. || ||
-the smallest part of an element that still has characteristics of that element.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Matter - ✔✔-matter is composed of tiny particles, may be atoms or molecules.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
-anything that occupies space and has mass. || || || || || ||
A sample of liquid isopropyl alcohol is placed in a sealed container. Some of the volatile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
isopropyl alcohol vaporizes. Does the mass of the sealed container and its contents change during
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the vaporization? Explain. - ✔✔No, the mass stays the same during the vaporization. This is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because the isopropyl alcohol is just in a different physical state now. Because The Law of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Conservation of Mass states matter cannot be created or destroyed, the mass in the container will
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
stay constant. ||
What is the difference between a physical property and a chemical property? - ✔✔Physical
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Property: something that can be observed without changing the chemical identity of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
substance, such as color or scent. || || || || || ||
Chemical Property: can only be observed while the chemical identity of the substance is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
changing, such as sodium metal's tendency to react with water to form hydrogen gas and sodium
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
hydroxide.
Energy - ✔✔The ability to do work or produce heat.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Kinetic: energy of motion || || || ||
Potential: energy of position || || ||
,2
The Law of Conservation of Energy - ✔✔Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
SI prefixes - ✔✔Deka: da, 10^1
|| || || || ||
Hecto: h, 10^2 || ||
Kilo: k, 10^3 || ||
Mega: M, 10^6 || ||
Giga: G, 10^9 || ||
Tera: T, 10^12 || ||
Peta: P, 10^15 || ||
Exa: E, 10^18 || ||
Seta: Z, 10^21 || ||
Yotta: Y, 10^24 || ||
Deci: d, 10^-1 || ||
Centi: c, 10^-2 || ||
Milli: m, 10^-3 || ||
Micro: u, 10^-6 || ||
Nano: n, 10^-9 || ||
Pico: p, 10^-12 || ||
Femto: f, 10^-15 || ||
Atto: a, 10^-18 || ||
Zepto: z, 10^-21 || ||
Yocto: y, 10^-24 || ||
A flash drive contains 4 gigabytes. How many bytes does it contain? - ✔✔4,000,000,000 bytes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
Describe the difference between an intensive and extensive property using examples. - ✔✔-An
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Intensive Property does NOT depend on the amount of the substance present, such as color or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
density. (can be used to identify a substance because it does not change with the amount of matter
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
present)
-An Extensive Property is one that does depend on the amount of the substance, such as mass or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
volume. (cannot be used to help identity a substance because it changes)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
A mass of mercury occupies 0.950 L. What volume would an equal mass of ethanol occupy? the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
density of mercury is 13.546 g/mL and the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL. - ✔✔B) 16.3 L
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(.950 L) x (1000mL / 1L) x (13.546g / 1mL) x (1mL / .789g) = 16,310 mL = 16.3 L
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following is the lowest temperature?
|| || || || || || || ||
A) 42 degrees c
|| || || ||
B) 318 K
|| || ||
C) 57 degrees F
|| || ||
D) All of these temperatures are equal. - ✔✔C) 57 degrees F
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
----------------------------
A) 42 c || ||
B) 318K-273K= 45 degrees c
|| || || || ||
C) (57 degrees F - 32)* 5/9= 13.89 degrees c
|| || || || || || || || ||
How many significant figures are there in the answer to the following problem?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(9.992 x 3.200) + 0.610 = 32.584 - ✔✔C) 3 sig figs
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
, 2
Sig Fig Rules - ✔✔-Non-zero digits are always significant.
|| || || || || || || ||
-Any zeros between two significant digits are significant.
|| || || || || || ||
-A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Addition and Subtraction: || || ||
answer must show the same number of decimal places as the number in the calculation with the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
least number of decimal places.
|| || || || ||
Multiplication and Division: || || ||
answer must show the same number of significant digits as the measurement in the calculation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
with the least number of significant digits.
|| || || || || ||
An atom of 131^ Xe contains ____ electrons. - ✔✔D) 54 electrons (mass number)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
The atomic number of an atom of 80^Br is - ✔✔A) 35
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons, The symbol for the ion is _____ - ✔✔A)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
17O^2-
Isotopes - ✔✔-Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but that have a different
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
number of neutrons. || ||
-Since the atomic number is equal to the number of protons and the atomic mass is the sum of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
protons and neutrons, we can also say that isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
different mass numbers.
|| || ||
-number of neutrons= || || ||
atomic mass-atomic number || ||
Chemistry 1301 Final Exam Review questions with accurate || || || || || || ||
detailed solutions
|| ||
Atom - ✔✔-the submicroscopic particle that constitutes the fundamental building block of
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
ordinary matter. || ||
-the smallest part of an element that still has characteristics of that element.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Matter - ✔✔-matter is composed of tiny particles, may be atoms or molecules.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
-anything that occupies space and has mass. || || || || || ||
A sample of liquid isopropyl alcohol is placed in a sealed container. Some of the volatile
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
isopropyl alcohol vaporizes. Does the mass of the sealed container and its contents change during
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the vaporization? Explain. - ✔✔No, the mass stays the same during the vaporization. This is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because the isopropyl alcohol is just in a different physical state now. Because The Law of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Conservation of Mass states matter cannot be created or destroyed, the mass in the container will
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
stay constant. ||
What is the difference between a physical property and a chemical property? - ✔✔Physical
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Property: something that can be observed without changing the chemical identity of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
substance, such as color or scent. || || || || || ||
Chemical Property: can only be observed while the chemical identity of the substance is
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
changing, such as sodium metal's tendency to react with water to form hydrogen gas and sodium
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
hydroxide.
Energy - ✔✔The ability to do work or produce heat.
|| || || || || || || || ||
Kinetic: energy of motion || || || ||
Potential: energy of position || || ||
,2
The Law of Conservation of Energy - ✔✔Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
SI prefixes - ✔✔Deka: da, 10^1
|| || || || ||
Hecto: h, 10^2 || ||
Kilo: k, 10^3 || ||
Mega: M, 10^6 || ||
Giga: G, 10^9 || ||
Tera: T, 10^12 || ||
Peta: P, 10^15 || ||
Exa: E, 10^18 || ||
Seta: Z, 10^21 || ||
Yotta: Y, 10^24 || ||
Deci: d, 10^-1 || ||
Centi: c, 10^-2 || ||
Milli: m, 10^-3 || ||
Micro: u, 10^-6 || ||
Nano: n, 10^-9 || ||
Pico: p, 10^-12 || ||
Femto: f, 10^-15 || ||
Atto: a, 10^-18 || ||
Zepto: z, 10^-21 || ||
Yocto: y, 10^-24 || ||
A flash drive contains 4 gigabytes. How many bytes does it contain? - ✔✔4,000,000,000 bytes
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
,2
Describe the difference between an intensive and extensive property using examples. - ✔✔-An
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Intensive Property does NOT depend on the amount of the substance present, such as color or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
density. (can be used to identify a substance because it does not change with the amount of matter
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
present)
-An Extensive Property is one that does depend on the amount of the substance, such as mass or
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
volume. (cannot be used to help identity a substance because it changes)
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
A mass of mercury occupies 0.950 L. What volume would an equal mass of ethanol occupy? the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
density of mercury is 13.546 g/mL and the density of ethanol is 0.789 g/mL. - ✔✔B) 16.3 L
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(.950 L) x (1000mL / 1L) x (13.546g / 1mL) x (1mL / .789g) = 16,310 mL = 16.3 L
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Which of the following is the lowest temperature?
|| || || || || || || ||
A) 42 degrees c
|| || || ||
B) 318 K
|| || ||
C) 57 degrees F
|| || ||
D) All of these temperatures are equal. - ✔✔C) 57 degrees F
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
----------------------------
A) 42 c || ||
B) 318K-273K= 45 degrees c
|| || || || ||
C) (57 degrees F - 32)* 5/9= 13.89 degrees c
|| || || || || || || || ||
How many significant figures are there in the answer to the following problem?
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
(9.992 x 3.200) + 0.610 = 32.584 - ✔✔C) 3 sig figs
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
, 2
Sig Fig Rules - ✔✔-Non-zero digits are always significant.
|| || || || || || || ||
-Any zeros between two significant digits are significant.
|| || || || || || ||
-A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant.
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Addition and Subtraction: || || ||
answer must show the same number of decimal places as the number in the calculation with the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
least number of decimal places.
|| || || || ||
Multiplication and Division: || || ||
answer must show the same number of significant digits as the measurement in the calculation
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
with the least number of significant digits.
|| || || || || ||
An atom of 131^ Xe contains ____ electrons. - ✔✔D) 54 electrons (mass number)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
The atomic number of an atom of 80^Br is - ✔✔A) 35
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons, The symbol for the ion is _____ - ✔✔A)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
17O^2-
Isotopes - ✔✔-Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but that have a different
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
number of neutrons. || ||
-Since the atomic number is equal to the number of protons and the atomic mass is the sum of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
protons and neutrons, we can also say that isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
different mass numbers.
|| || ||
-number of neutrons= || || ||
atomic mass-atomic number || ||
