Psych 520 Exam 3 part 1 questions with verified detailed answers

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Psych 520 Exam 3 part 1 questions with verified || || || || || || || || ||




detailed answers ||




Mastery motivation - ✔✔-An inborn motive to explore, understand, and control one's
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environment.
-Infants will actively seek out challenges just for the joy of mastering them.
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Ex: turning a knob, opening cabinets, operating toys
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Achievement Motivation - ✔✔A willing strive to succeed at challenging tasks and to meet high
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standards of accomplishment. || ||




Intrinsic Motivation - ✔✔Achievement is an intrinsic motivation to reinforce and satisfy needs
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for competence or achievement
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Extrinsic Motivation - ✔✔Achievement is an extrinsic motivation to win approval (or avoid
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disapproval) of others (i.e., parents, teachers, peers) || || || || || ||




Susan Harter (1981) - ✔✔-Asked children their reasons for doing various activities.
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|| *Some extrinsically motivated. || ||




|| *Some intrinsically motivated. || ||




|| -More likely to prefer challenging problems over simpler ones.
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|| -More likely to view themselves as highly competent at schoolwork.
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Stipek, Recchia, & McClintic (1992) - ✔✔-Observed 1-5 year olds doing activities with clear
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goals.
|| Ex: Hammering pegs into pegboards, working puzzles
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-Some tasks could not be mastered.
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-Some children did the task alongside another child.
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, 2


|| *Created a sense of "competition." || || || ||




-Found children progress through 3 phases in learning to evaluate their performance in
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achievement situations. ||




Stipek, Recchia, & McClintic (1992): Phase 1 - ✔✔Joy in mastery (<2 years)
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-Infants visibly pleased to master challenges.
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|| *However, do not call attention to or seek recognition for their triumphs.
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-Don't seem to be bothered by failures.
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|| *Simply shift attention to other toys.
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Stipek, Recchia, & McClintic (1992): Phase 2 - ✔✔Approval seeking (around 2 years)
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-Toddlers anticipate how others will evaluate their performance.
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|| *Seek recognition when master challenges.
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|| ~Smile, look up at adult. || || || ||




|| *Expect disapproval when fail. || || ||




|| ~Turn away from adult.
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Stipek, Recchia, & McClintic (1992): Phase 3 - ✔✔Use of standards (around 3 years)
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-Children react independently to successes and failures.
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-Seem to adopt objective standards for appraising performance.
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|| *Capable of experiencing pride (rather than mere pleasure) in achievements.
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*Capable of experiencing shame and embarrassment (rather than mere disappointment) in
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failures


Development of motivation (Stipek, Recchia, & McClintic): Prior to 33 months (almost 3 years) -
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✔✔-Seemingly indifferent to winning and losing. || || || || ||




|| *Successfully completing tasks was most important || || || || ||