PMT 108 WATER ACTUAL 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Maximum Contaminant Levels - ✔✔MCL
✔✔Trihalomethanes (THM) - ✔✔Commonly found in chlorinated drinking water,
particularly in drinking water obtained from surface sources; formed by the reaction of
naturally occurring organic substances and chlorine during drinking water treatment and
distribution
✔✔Chlorination Methods - ✔✔Under normal conditions, most widely used
✔✔Batch chlorinating - ✔✔A calculated amount of HYPOCHLORITE is added to a
known volume of water
Care must be taken when using calcium hypochlorite to not allow granules to enter the
finished product
✔✔Hypochlorinators - ✔✔Mechanically deliver pre-measured amounts of chlorine gas,
ammonia, or hypochlorites automatically to a known flow rate of water
✔✔Marginal chlorinating - ✔✔Initial chlorine demand has been satisfied, but some
oxidizable substances remain
Refers to the application of chlorine to produce the desired total chlorine residual
without reference to the relative amounts of free or combined chlorine present
✔✔Super chlorination - ✔✔Application of chlorine in greater concentrations than are
needed to afford acceptable BACTERICIDAL efficiency
Gives control over taste and odor producing substances as well as control of bacteria
Surplus chlorine is removed by de-chlorinating with sulfur dioxide, aeration, or activated
carbon before the water enters the distribution system
✔✔Break-point chlorinating - ✔✔Chlorine is applied to produce a chlorine residual
composed of predominantly FAC with little or no combined chlorine
Advantages of chlorinating to and beyond the breakpoint to obtain FAC residuals are
that most odors and taste normal to water are destroyed and disinfection is assured
✔✔Chloramine disinfection - ✔✔Select the point of ammonia addition downstream of
the primary disinfection with free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ozone and minimize the
amount of free ammonia leaving the treatment plant and entering the distribution
systems
, Maintain an adequate chloramine residual within the distribution system taking into
consideration chloramines are weaker disinfectants than free chlorine
✔✔2 mg/L - ✔✔It is recommended to maintain a total chlorine residual of ___ mg/L.
✔✔Leak detection equipment
SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus)
Atmospheric monitoring devices - ✔✔Chlorine safety program: Periodic hands-on
training using the following safety equipment (3)
✔✔Potable water distribution reservoirs are necessary for: - ✔✔Firefighting
Satisfy peak demands
Support uniform water pressure
Meet industrial demands
Avoid continuous pumping
Provide emergency water reserve
✔✔NSF approved - ✔✔All tank coatings must be equivalent...
✔✔Six (6) inches above grade - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW
ground level
The overflows (e.g., manhole covers and vents) must be located with their tops ___
inches above grade.
✔✔A minimum of eight (8) feet - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW
ground level
The bottom of the tank must be higher than the water table or flood water; designed for
a minimum of ___ feet.
✔✔Higher - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW ground level
The tanks must be located at a level that is ___ that any sewers or sewage systems.
✔✔At least 50 feet - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW ground level
Sewers or sewage disposal systems must be located at least ___ feet from water
storage tanks.
✔✔Overflow and drain pipes - ✔✔Must not be directly connected to sewers
✔✔When potable water tanks are ABOVE ground level - ✔✔Ladders with approved
safety cages must be used on all standpipes and elevated storage tanks
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Maximum Contaminant Levels - ✔✔MCL
✔✔Trihalomethanes (THM) - ✔✔Commonly found in chlorinated drinking water,
particularly in drinking water obtained from surface sources; formed by the reaction of
naturally occurring organic substances and chlorine during drinking water treatment and
distribution
✔✔Chlorination Methods - ✔✔Under normal conditions, most widely used
✔✔Batch chlorinating - ✔✔A calculated amount of HYPOCHLORITE is added to a
known volume of water
Care must be taken when using calcium hypochlorite to not allow granules to enter the
finished product
✔✔Hypochlorinators - ✔✔Mechanically deliver pre-measured amounts of chlorine gas,
ammonia, or hypochlorites automatically to a known flow rate of water
✔✔Marginal chlorinating - ✔✔Initial chlorine demand has been satisfied, but some
oxidizable substances remain
Refers to the application of chlorine to produce the desired total chlorine residual
without reference to the relative amounts of free or combined chlorine present
✔✔Super chlorination - ✔✔Application of chlorine in greater concentrations than are
needed to afford acceptable BACTERICIDAL efficiency
Gives control over taste and odor producing substances as well as control of bacteria
Surplus chlorine is removed by de-chlorinating with sulfur dioxide, aeration, or activated
carbon before the water enters the distribution system
✔✔Break-point chlorinating - ✔✔Chlorine is applied to produce a chlorine residual
composed of predominantly FAC with little or no combined chlorine
Advantages of chlorinating to and beyond the breakpoint to obtain FAC residuals are
that most odors and taste normal to water are destroyed and disinfection is assured
✔✔Chloramine disinfection - ✔✔Select the point of ammonia addition downstream of
the primary disinfection with free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or ozone and minimize the
amount of free ammonia leaving the treatment plant and entering the distribution
systems
, Maintain an adequate chloramine residual within the distribution system taking into
consideration chloramines are weaker disinfectants than free chlorine
✔✔2 mg/L - ✔✔It is recommended to maintain a total chlorine residual of ___ mg/L.
✔✔Leak detection equipment
SCBA (Self Contained Breathing Apparatus)
Atmospheric monitoring devices - ✔✔Chlorine safety program: Periodic hands-on
training using the following safety equipment (3)
✔✔Potable water distribution reservoirs are necessary for: - ✔✔Firefighting
Satisfy peak demands
Support uniform water pressure
Meet industrial demands
Avoid continuous pumping
Provide emergency water reserve
✔✔NSF approved - ✔✔All tank coatings must be equivalent...
✔✔Six (6) inches above grade - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW
ground level
The overflows (e.g., manhole covers and vents) must be located with their tops ___
inches above grade.
✔✔A minimum of eight (8) feet - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW
ground level
The bottom of the tank must be higher than the water table or flood water; designed for
a minimum of ___ feet.
✔✔Higher - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW ground level
The tanks must be located at a level that is ___ that any sewers or sewage systems.
✔✔At least 50 feet - ✔✔Sanitary standards for water storage: BELOW ground level
Sewers or sewage disposal systems must be located at least ___ feet from water
storage tanks.
✔✔Overflow and drain pipes - ✔✔Must not be directly connected to sewers
✔✔When potable water tanks are ABOVE ground level - ✔✔Ladders with approved
safety cages must be used on all standpipes and elevated storage tanks
