BIOL 2404 Lecture Exam 4 (Ch. 11, 12,
13, and 14) 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Answers | 100% Solved
What are the three types of formed elements found in blood? Describe
where each would be found in a centrifuge tube containing a blood sample.
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔WBC's, RBC's and Platelets; Buffy Coat consists of WBC's
and Platelets which is the thin shiny layer at the top; bottom. layers consist
of RBC's.
Which of the following are defense mechanisms of the blood? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔- Blood cells can engulf and destroy bacteria and viruses
- Antibodies target pathogens for destruction
- The blood clotting mechanism prevents blood loss
,How does blood regulate body temperature? osmotic pressure? body pH? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Blood regulate body temperature by absorbing heat from
muscles and transporting it around body. Maintain salt/water/protein
balance, buffering acids and bases
Describe how your body would replace donated blood. - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔The kidneys would produce erythropoietin, which would cause red bone
marrow to produce RBC's. Fluid is replaced by ADH and Aldosterone
Which of the following is/are bile pigments? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bilverdin and
Bilirubin
Granular WBC's include all the following except? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Macrophages
The parent cell that fragments to form thrombocytes is called a" -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Megakarocyte
Choose the correct sequence for hemostasis (1st step to last) - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Vascular Spasm-> Platelet Plug Formation-> Coagulation
Which vitamin is necessary to form prothrombin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Vitamin
K
,Which of the following correct describes AB blood? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A
antigen and B antigen on the red blood cell membrane, no antibodies in
plasma
Which of the following transfusions would most likely be safe to administer?
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Type B blood to a type AB recipient
Hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs in which situation? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Rh- Mother, Rh + Father, Rh + Fetus
Elderly people often have poor appetite and don't eat well. How can this
cause anemia? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Poor Diet, the elderly may have protein,
iron, or vitamin B12 deficiency.
What defense role do erythrocytes play in the blood? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔No
role. Carrying oxygen to the tissues is its main function. Also play a role in
converting CO2 into HCO3-, which exits the RBC and enters the blood. It is
the major buffer of the body, maintaining body pH.
What elements in the blood have defense roles? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- WBC's,
granulocytes, phagocytize bacteria, virus, kills cancer cells, remove dead or
dying fells
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - B- lymphocytes produce specific-defense with antibody production. T-
Lymphocytes directly attack pathogens
- Platelets initiate the coagulation process
Name the granular cells in blood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Neutrophils, Eosinophils,
Basophils, and NK Cells
Describe the coverings of the heart in order from superficial to deep. Why is
the fibrous pericardium important for survival? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Fibrous,
Parietal Serous, and Visceral Pericardium
- Fibrous pericardium protects the heart from injury and protects it from
overfilling, which would reduce its contraction strength.
Describe the structure and parts of the hemoglobin molecule, and its main
purpose in the body - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hemoglobin is made of 4 globular
proteins. In each globular portion of hemoglobin there is an iron atom
(heme complex) which is able to bind with oxygen. That would be the main
purpose of the hemoglobin molecule.
Describe hematopoiesis and where it occurs? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The
production of all of the cellular components of blood; it occurs in the red
bone marrow.
13, and 14) 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Answers | 100% Solved
What are the three types of formed elements found in blood? Describe
where each would be found in a centrifuge tube containing a blood sample.
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔WBC's, RBC's and Platelets; Buffy Coat consists of WBC's
and Platelets which is the thin shiny layer at the top; bottom. layers consist
of RBC's.
Which of the following are defense mechanisms of the blood? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔- Blood cells can engulf and destroy bacteria and viruses
- Antibodies target pathogens for destruction
- The blood clotting mechanism prevents blood loss
,How does blood regulate body temperature? osmotic pressure? body pH? -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Blood regulate body temperature by absorbing heat from
muscles and transporting it around body. Maintain salt/water/protein
balance, buffering acids and bases
Describe how your body would replace donated blood. - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔The kidneys would produce erythropoietin, which would cause red bone
marrow to produce RBC's. Fluid is replaced by ADH and Aldosterone
Which of the following is/are bile pigments? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bilverdin and
Bilirubin
Granular WBC's include all the following except? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Macrophages
The parent cell that fragments to form thrombocytes is called a" -
🧠ANSWER ✔✔Megakarocyte
Choose the correct sequence for hemostasis (1st step to last) - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Vascular Spasm-> Platelet Plug Formation-> Coagulation
Which vitamin is necessary to form prothrombin? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Vitamin
K
,Which of the following correct describes AB blood? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔A
antigen and B antigen on the red blood cell membrane, no antibodies in
plasma
Which of the following transfusions would most likely be safe to administer?
- 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Type B blood to a type AB recipient
Hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs in which situation? - 🧠ANSWER
✔✔Rh- Mother, Rh + Father, Rh + Fetus
Elderly people often have poor appetite and don't eat well. How can this
cause anemia? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Poor Diet, the elderly may have protein,
iron, or vitamin B12 deficiency.
What defense role do erythrocytes play in the blood? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔No
role. Carrying oxygen to the tissues is its main function. Also play a role in
converting CO2 into HCO3-, which exits the RBC and enters the blood. It is
the major buffer of the body, maintaining body pH.
What elements in the blood have defense roles? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- WBC's,
granulocytes, phagocytize bacteria, virus, kills cancer cells, remove dead or
dying fells
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - B- lymphocytes produce specific-defense with antibody production. T-
Lymphocytes directly attack pathogens
- Platelets initiate the coagulation process
Name the granular cells in blood - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Neutrophils, Eosinophils,
Basophils, and NK Cells
Describe the coverings of the heart in order from superficial to deep. Why is
the fibrous pericardium important for survival? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Fibrous,
Parietal Serous, and Visceral Pericardium
- Fibrous pericardium protects the heart from injury and protects it from
overfilling, which would reduce its contraction strength.
Describe the structure and parts of the hemoglobin molecule, and its main
purpose in the body - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hemoglobin is made of 4 globular
proteins. In each globular portion of hemoglobin there is an iron atom
(heme complex) which is able to bind with oxygen. That would be the main
purpose of the hemoglobin molecule.
Describe hematopoiesis and where it occurs? - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔The
production of all of the cellular components of blood; it occurs in the red
bone marrow.
