BIOL 2404 Chapter 6 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
Long Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Long and Narrow
- Have expanded ends
Short Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Cube-like, length = Width
- Include sesamoid (round) bones which are embedded in tendons
Flat Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Platelike, with broad surfaces
Irregular Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Variety of shapes
- Most are connected to other bones; vertebrae & facial bones
Epiphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Expanded end
,Diaphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bone Shaft
Metaphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Between diaphysis and epiphysis, widening
part
Articular Cartilage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Covers epiphysis
Periosteum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Encloses bone; dense connective tissue
Compact (Cortical) Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Wall of diaphysis
Spongy (Cancellous) Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Makes up epiphyses
Trabeculae - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branching bony plates, make up spongy bone
Medullary Cavity - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hollow chamber in diaphysis; contains
yellow marrow & fat
Endosteum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Lines inner spaces
Bone Marrow - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Red or yellow marrow, lines medullary cavity
and spongy bones spaces
Osteocytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Mature bone cells
Lacuane - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inside osteon; osteocytes are located here
,Canaliculi - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Osteocytes exchange nutrients, O2, and wastes
via cell processes within these tiny passageways
Compact Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Consists of cylindrical units called
osteons
- Osteocytes in lacunae
- Lamellae: layers of matrix around central canal
- Osteons cemented together
- Perforating canals join adjacent central canals
- Blood vessels provide nutrients to bone tissue
- Osteocytes can pass nutrients through canaliculi
Spongy Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Consists of branching plates called
trabeculae
- Somewhat flexible
- Nutrients diffuse through canaliculi
Intramembranous bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Develops between sheetlike
layers of connective tissue
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - Broad, Flat Bones
- Ex: Flat bones of the skull, clavicles, sternum, and some facial bones
(mandible, maxilla, zygomatic)
Intramembranous Ossification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process of replacing
embryonic connective tissue to form intramembranous bone:
- Mesenchymal cells in primitive tissue differentiate into osteoblasts
- When osteoblasts are completely surrounded by matrix, they are now
osteocytes in lacunae
- Mesenchyme on outside forms periosteum
Osteoblasts - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bone-forming cells that deposit matrix around
themselves
Endochondral Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Begin as masses of hyaline
cartilage; hyaline is replaced by bone
- Most bones of the skeleton
- Ex: Femur, Humerus, Radius, Tibia, Phalanges, Vertebrae
Endochondral Ossification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process of replacing hyaline
cartilage to form an endochondral bone
Questions and Correct Answers | New
Update
Long Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Long and Narrow
- Have expanded ends
Short Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Cube-like, length = Width
- Include sesamoid (round) bones which are embedded in tendons
Flat Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Platelike, with broad surfaces
Irregular Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Variety of shapes
- Most are connected to other bones; vertebrae & facial bones
Epiphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Expanded end
,Diaphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bone Shaft
Metaphysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Between diaphysis and epiphysis, widening
part
Articular Cartilage - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Covers epiphysis
Periosteum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Encloses bone; dense connective tissue
Compact (Cortical) Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Wall of diaphysis
Spongy (Cancellous) Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Makes up epiphyses
Trabeculae - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Branching bony plates, make up spongy bone
Medullary Cavity - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Hollow chamber in diaphysis; contains
yellow marrow & fat
Endosteum - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Lines inner spaces
Bone Marrow - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Red or yellow marrow, lines medullary cavity
and spongy bones spaces
Osteocytes - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Mature bone cells
Lacuane - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Inside osteon; osteocytes are located here
,Canaliculi - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Osteocytes exchange nutrients, O2, and wastes
via cell processes within these tiny passageways
Compact Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Consists of cylindrical units called
osteons
- Osteocytes in lacunae
- Lamellae: layers of matrix around central canal
- Osteons cemented together
- Perforating canals join adjacent central canals
- Blood vessels provide nutrients to bone tissue
- Osteocytes can pass nutrients through canaliculi
Spongy Bone - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Consists of branching plates called
trabeculae
- Somewhat flexible
- Nutrients diffuse through canaliculi
Intramembranous bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Develops between sheetlike
layers of connective tissue
3
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - Broad, Flat Bones
- Ex: Flat bones of the skull, clavicles, sternum, and some facial bones
(mandible, maxilla, zygomatic)
Intramembranous Ossification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process of replacing
embryonic connective tissue to form intramembranous bone:
- Mesenchymal cells in primitive tissue differentiate into osteoblasts
- When osteoblasts are completely surrounded by matrix, they are now
osteocytes in lacunae
- Mesenchyme on outside forms periosteum
Osteoblasts - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Bone-forming cells that deposit matrix around
themselves
Endochondral Bones - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔- Begin as masses of hyaline
cartilage; hyaline is replaced by bone
- Most bones of the skeleton
- Ex: Femur, Humerus, Radius, Tibia, Phalanges, Vertebrae
Endochondral Ossification - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Process of replacing hyaline
cartilage to form an endochondral bone
