Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 1,
Comprehensive Practice Questions and
Answer Review
Introduction:
This document contains an extensive collection of NCLEX-style
practice questions with detailed answer rationales covering
core Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 1 content. Topics include
diabetes management and insulin therapy, diabetic
ketoacidosis, respiratory disorders such as asthma, COPD,
pneumonia, and tuberculosis, as well as perioperative care,
anesthesia, and postoperative complications.
The study guide is designed to reinforce clinical reasoning,
exam readiness, and foundational nursing concepts commonly
tested in early medical-surgical nursing courses.
Exam Questions and Answers:
1. A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes how to
treat adverse reac- tions to insulin. To reverse hypoglycemia,
the client ideally should ingest an oral carbohydrate. However,
this treatment isn't always possible or safe. Therefore, the
,nurse should advise the client to keep which alternate
treatment on hand?
A. Epinephrine
B. Glucagon
C. 50% dextrose
D. Hydrocortisone---Correct Answer---B. Glucagon
2. Which information should be included in the teaching
plan for a client receiving glargine, a "peakless" basal insulin?
A. Administer the total daily dosage in two doses.
B. Draw up the drug first, then add regular insulin.
C. It is rapidly absorbed and has a fast onset of action.
D. Do not mix with other insulins.---Correct Answer---D. Do
not mix with other insulins.
Long acting insulin along with detemir(Levemir) and
degludec(Tresiba) onset= 0.8- 4 hours
peak= no pronounced peak duration= 16-24 hours
3. A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of
40 mg/dL. Which rapidly absorbed carbohydrate would be
most effective?
A. 1/2 cup fruit juice or regular soft drink
B. 4 oz of skim milk
,C. 1/2 tbsp honey or syrup
D. three to five LifeSavers candies---Correct Answer---A. 1/2
cup fruit juice or regular soft drink
Rule of 15= 15 g of carbohydrate, wait 15, may give another 15
if needed (repeat until ok)
4. NPH is an example of which type of insulin?
A. Rapid-acting
B. Short-acting
C. Intermediate-acting
D. Long-acting---Correct Answer---C. Intermediate-acting
Humulin N and Novolin N onset= 1.5-4 hours
peak= 4-12 hours
duration= 12-18 hours
5. A client with status asthmaticus requires endotracheal
intubation and me- chanical ventilation. Twenty-four hours
after intubation, the client is started on the insulin infusion
protocol. The nurse must monitor the client's blood glucose
levels hourly and watch for which early signs and symptoms
associated with hypoglycemia?
A. Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia
, B. Dry skin, bradycardia, and somnolence
C. Bradycardia, thirst, and anxiety
D. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia---Correct Answer---
A. Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia
S/S of hypoglycemia= Sweating, tremors, tachycardia, thirst,
and anxiety
6. A nurse is preparing to administer two types of insulin to
a client with diabetes mellitus. What is the correct procedure
for preparing this medication?
A. The short-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
intermediate-acting insulin.
B. The intermediate-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
short-acting insulin.
C. Different types of insulin are not to be mixed in the same
syringe.
D. If administered immediately, there is no requirement for
withdrawing one type of insulin before another.---Correct
Answer---A. The short-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
intermediate-acting insulin.
"Clear before cloudy"
7. During a period of heavy work and family pressures, an
adult male patient with type 1 diabetes has become ill with
Comprehensive Practice Questions and
Answer Review
Introduction:
This document contains an extensive collection of NCLEX-style
practice questions with detailed answer rationales covering
core Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 1 content. Topics include
diabetes management and insulin therapy, diabetic
ketoacidosis, respiratory disorders such as asthma, COPD,
pneumonia, and tuberculosis, as well as perioperative care,
anesthesia, and postoperative complications.
The study guide is designed to reinforce clinical reasoning,
exam readiness, and foundational nursing concepts commonly
tested in early medical-surgical nursing courses.
Exam Questions and Answers:
1. A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes how to
treat adverse reac- tions to insulin. To reverse hypoglycemia,
the client ideally should ingest an oral carbohydrate. However,
this treatment isn't always possible or safe. Therefore, the
,nurse should advise the client to keep which alternate
treatment on hand?
A. Epinephrine
B. Glucagon
C. 50% dextrose
D. Hydrocortisone---Correct Answer---B. Glucagon
2. Which information should be included in the teaching
plan for a client receiving glargine, a "peakless" basal insulin?
A. Administer the total daily dosage in two doses.
B. Draw up the drug first, then add regular insulin.
C. It is rapidly absorbed and has a fast onset of action.
D. Do not mix with other insulins.---Correct Answer---D. Do
not mix with other insulins.
Long acting insulin along with detemir(Levemir) and
degludec(Tresiba) onset= 0.8- 4 hours
peak= no pronounced peak duration= 16-24 hours
3. A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of
40 mg/dL. Which rapidly absorbed carbohydrate would be
most effective?
A. 1/2 cup fruit juice or regular soft drink
B. 4 oz of skim milk
,C. 1/2 tbsp honey or syrup
D. three to five LifeSavers candies---Correct Answer---A. 1/2
cup fruit juice or regular soft drink
Rule of 15= 15 g of carbohydrate, wait 15, may give another 15
if needed (repeat until ok)
4. NPH is an example of which type of insulin?
A. Rapid-acting
B. Short-acting
C. Intermediate-acting
D. Long-acting---Correct Answer---C. Intermediate-acting
Humulin N and Novolin N onset= 1.5-4 hours
peak= 4-12 hours
duration= 12-18 hours
5. A client with status asthmaticus requires endotracheal
intubation and me- chanical ventilation. Twenty-four hours
after intubation, the client is started on the insulin infusion
protocol. The nurse must monitor the client's blood glucose
levels hourly and watch for which early signs and symptoms
associated with hypoglycemia?
A. Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia
, B. Dry skin, bradycardia, and somnolence
C. Bradycardia, thirst, and anxiety
D. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia---Correct Answer---
A. Sweating, tremors, and tachycardia
S/S of hypoglycemia= Sweating, tremors, tachycardia, thirst,
and anxiety
6. A nurse is preparing to administer two types of insulin to
a client with diabetes mellitus. What is the correct procedure
for preparing this medication?
A. The short-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
intermediate-acting insulin.
B. The intermediate-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
short-acting insulin.
C. Different types of insulin are not to be mixed in the same
syringe.
D. If administered immediately, there is no requirement for
withdrawing one type of insulin before another.---Correct
Answer---A. The short-acting insulin is withdrawn before the
intermediate-acting insulin.
"Clear before cloudy"
7. During a period of heavy work and family pressures, an
adult male patient with type 1 diabetes has become ill with
