Cold War Study Packet: Two Study Guides
+ Practice Test
, STUDY GUIDE 1
Origins, Ideologies, and Early Cold War
The Cold War:
● Political, military, and ideological tension between the U.S. and allies vs USSR and
allies
● Rarely direct combat; fought via proxy wars, economic competition, espionage, and
nuclear deterrence
Ideological Conflict:
● Capitalism: Private property, free markets, democracy, individual freedoms
● Communism: State ownership, planned economy, one-party rule, equality-focused
society
Origins of Communism:
● 19th century response to industrial capitalism’s inequalities
● Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels (Communist Manifesto, 1848)
● Class struggle: bourgeoisie vs proletariat
● Russian Revolution (1917) → Soviet Union (1922)
● Spread across Eastern Europe & Asia after WWII → Cold War tensions
Containment Policy:
● Truman Doctrine (1947): Aid countries resisting communism
● Marshall Plan (1947): Economic recovery for Western Europe
+ Practice Test
, STUDY GUIDE 1
Origins, Ideologies, and Early Cold War
The Cold War:
● Political, military, and ideological tension between the U.S. and allies vs USSR and
allies
● Rarely direct combat; fought via proxy wars, economic competition, espionage, and
nuclear deterrence
Ideological Conflict:
● Capitalism: Private property, free markets, democracy, individual freedoms
● Communism: State ownership, planned economy, one-party rule, equality-focused
society
Origins of Communism:
● 19th century response to industrial capitalism’s inequalities
● Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels (Communist Manifesto, 1848)
● Class struggle: bourgeoisie vs proletariat
● Russian Revolution (1917) → Soviet Union (1922)
● Spread across Eastern Europe & Asia after WWII → Cold War tensions
Containment Policy:
● Truman Doctrine (1947): Aid countries resisting communism
● Marshall Plan (1947): Economic recovery for Western Europe
