SOLAR PV INSTALLER CERTIFICATION
EXAM QUESTION AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES 2026 Q&A INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. The primary function of a photovoltaic (PV) module is to:
A. Store electrical energy
B. Convert DC to AC
C. Regulate voltage
D. Convert sunlight into electrical energy
Answer: D
Rationale: PV modules use the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight directly
into DC electrical energy.
2. Which material is most commonly used in commercial PV cells?
A. Cadmium telluride
B. Thin-film copper
C. Crystalline silicon
D. Gallium arsenide
Answer: C
Rationale: Crystalline silicon dominates the PV market due to efficiency,
durability, and cost-effectiveness.
, 3. What type of current is produced by a PV module?
A. Alternating current
B. Pulsed current
C. Direct current
D. Reactive current
Answer: C
Rationale: Solar cells generate direct current (DC), which must be inverted for AC
applications.
4. The device that converts DC power from PV modules into AC power is
called:
A. Charge controller
B. Combiner box
C. Transformer
D. Inverter
Answer: D
Rationale: Inverters convert DC electricity into AC suitable for grid or load use.
5. Which factor most directly affects the output of a PV module?
A. Wind speed
B. Humidity
C. Solar irradiance
D. Soil resistivity
Answer: C
Rationale: Higher solar irradiance increases the electrical output of PV modules.
6. The standard test conditions (STC) for PV modules include:
A. 500 W/m² irradiance
B. 1000 W/m² irradiance
, C. 25% humidity
D. 50°C cell temperature
Answer: B
Rationale: STC specifies 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM
1.5 spectrum.
7. Which PV system operates without connection to the utility grid?
A. Grid-tied
B. Hybrid
C. Net-metered
D. Off-grid
Answer: D
Rationale: Off-grid systems operate independently and require energy storage.
8. What component prevents batteries from overcharging?
A. Inverter
B. Disconnect switch
C. Charge controller
D. Combiner box
Answer: C
Rationale: Charge controllers regulate voltage and current to protect batteries.
9. The purpose of a combiner box is to:
A. Convert DC to AC
B. Store excess energy
C. Combine multiple PV string outputs
D. Ground the inverter
EXAM QUESTION AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALES 2026 Q&A INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. The primary function of a photovoltaic (PV) module is to:
A. Store electrical energy
B. Convert DC to AC
C. Regulate voltage
D. Convert sunlight into electrical energy
Answer: D
Rationale: PV modules use the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight directly
into DC electrical energy.
2. Which material is most commonly used in commercial PV cells?
A. Cadmium telluride
B. Thin-film copper
C. Crystalline silicon
D. Gallium arsenide
Answer: C
Rationale: Crystalline silicon dominates the PV market due to efficiency,
durability, and cost-effectiveness.
, 3. What type of current is produced by a PV module?
A. Alternating current
B. Pulsed current
C. Direct current
D. Reactive current
Answer: C
Rationale: Solar cells generate direct current (DC), which must be inverted for AC
applications.
4. The device that converts DC power from PV modules into AC power is
called:
A. Charge controller
B. Combiner box
C. Transformer
D. Inverter
Answer: D
Rationale: Inverters convert DC electricity into AC suitable for grid or load use.
5. Which factor most directly affects the output of a PV module?
A. Wind speed
B. Humidity
C. Solar irradiance
D. Soil resistivity
Answer: C
Rationale: Higher solar irradiance increases the electrical output of PV modules.
6. The standard test conditions (STC) for PV modules include:
A. 500 W/m² irradiance
B. 1000 W/m² irradiance
, C. 25% humidity
D. 50°C cell temperature
Answer: B
Rationale: STC specifies 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM
1.5 spectrum.
7. Which PV system operates without connection to the utility grid?
A. Grid-tied
B. Hybrid
C. Net-metered
D. Off-grid
Answer: D
Rationale: Off-grid systems operate independently and require energy storage.
8. What component prevents batteries from overcharging?
A. Inverter
B. Disconnect switch
C. Charge controller
D. Combiner box
Answer: C
Rationale: Charge controllers regulate voltage and current to protect batteries.
9. The purpose of a combiner box is to:
A. Convert DC to AC
B. Store excess energy
C. Combine multiple PV string outputs
D. Ground the inverter
