Fisdap Airway Study Guide Finals Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

Fisdap Airway Study Guide Finals Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct Oxygenation Pathways - ANSWER -routes include Nasal cannula, Simple face mask, Partial rebreather mask, NRB, Venturi mask, SVN, Oxygen humidifier, OPA, NPA, Mouth to mouth OR mouth to nose, Mouth to mouth barrier device, Mouth to mask (pocket mask), Bag-mask, ATV - Automatic transport ventilator, Flow restricted oxygen powered ventilation device (FROPVD), and Combitube Nasal cannula - ANSWER -1-6L 25%-45% Simple face mask - ANSWER -6-10L 40%-60% (8-10L recommended). Inspired Os depends on how much air is mixed into each breath Partial rebreather mask - ANSWER -6-10 L 35%-60%. Similar to an NRB and a simple mask. Has a reservoir but allows exhaled air into it mixing with the oxygen. NRB - ANSWER -10-15L up to 100%. Fill reservoir first and must remain ⅔ full during inspiration Venturi mask - ANSWER -sized 24%, 28%, 35%, 40%, 50%. No suggested liter per minute. Uses jets with different sized openings that mix with ambient air. SVN - ANSWER -Used to aerosolize medications. Oxygen humidifier - ANSWER -Croup, epiglottitis, bronchitis, or those on long term oxygen admin. OPA - ANSWER -Measure from corner of mouth to angle of jaw, make sure airway is clear of stuff, hold OPA at flange, slide along roof of mouth then rotate 180. Proper Placement is confirmed by ventilations. Optional method is using a tongue depressor to insert OPA. NPA - ANSWER -Size from nose to the angle of the jaw OR tragus of ear. Water soluble lube on tip, and insert in larger nare with bevel facing septum. Mouth to mouth OR mouth to nose - ANSWER -16% oxygen delivery Mouth to mask (pocket mask) - ANSWER -If product is designed for o2, 10-12L. Shown to be more effective than bag-mask by the lone paramedic. Oxygen can be added Bag-mask - ANSWER -15L without a reservoir is 40%-60% or 90%-100% with one. Has one way valves to prevent exhaled gas into the bag. ATV - ANSWER -Automatic transport ventilator Flow restricted oxygen powered ventilation device (FROPVD) - ANSWER -A manual valve or pressure sensor attached to high pressure oxygen. Combitube - ANSWER -Dual lumen device . Blind insertion. 37 french 4-5 foot tall people, 41 french 5 feet or taller. Insert tube until teeth are between black te pharyngeal cuff first, then distal cuff. Initially ventilate longer tube first, if no breath sounds, vent second. PTL (pharyngeal tracheal lumen) - ANSWER -dual lumen device: Has 3 tubes and cuffs that inflate at the same time. Laryngeal Mask Airway - ANSWER -both Supraglottic airway, and King Airway - Size 3 is 4-5 feet tall, size 4 is 5-6 feet, size 5 is 6-7 feet Pathophysiology of COPD (pages 475, 714-716) - ANSWER -Catch all term for bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma that often occur in combination from long term tobacco use or inhaled toxins. 4th leading cause of death in US. Bronchitis - has lots of mucus and enlarged cells in lungs and airways. Lots of congestion. Someone that has a productive cough for 3 months for 2 consecutive years with no definable cause. Overweight, cor pulmonale (a type of right ventricular defect) or ventricular failure. Rhonchi or wheezing present. Emphysema - long term damage by tobacco or inhaled agents causes alveolar destruction/coalescence. These are permanent. Elasticity of alveoli is decreased, volume is retained because it's hard to exhale. Blebs, or weakened areas of the large alveoli, are often present and can cause a spontaneous pneumothorax. Polycythemia (increased blood cells) almost always occurs in an attempt to increase circulating O2. barrel chest often occurs from the increased volume. Pursed lips to create back pressure in the lungs when exhaling. Clubbing of the fingers, decreased breath sounds or hyperresonant chest. If it's a new onset, patients may attribute loss of energy to old age. Give albuterol and Solu-medrol. Epinephrine only if respiratory failure is eminent. Pleural Decompression (book 2, pages 476-478) - ANSWER -Patients that are showing S&S of a tension pneumothorax (see details below), treatment should include high-flow oxygen, ETCO2, applying a pulse oximeter and a cardiac monitor, establishing an IV, and needle decompression. Decompression is performed by inserting a large bore catheter through the second or third intercostal space along the midclavicular line on the affected side. Make sure that the needle is inserted directly above the rib, because blood vessels are attached to the bottom of the ribs. After the needle is inserted, you should hear a rush of air. Holding the catheter in place, remove the needle, leaving the catheter in place. Attach a flutter (one-way) valve, and secure the catheter to the chest wall. Signs and Symptoms of a Tension Pneumothorax (book 2, page 476) - ANSWER Hyperinflation of the affected side, Poor bag compliance, Respiratory distress, Jugular vein distention (JVD), Decreased/absent lung sounds on affected side, Tympany (hyperresonance) to percussion on the affected side, Tachycardia, S&S of shock, and Cyanosis Compare different laryngoscope blade usage - ANSWER -Available in 0-4 sizes, should reach lips to larynx. Miller (Wisconsin, or flagg), straight, lifts epiglottis. Pediatrics have a floppy epiglottis and miller blades are preferred in kids, or adults also with a floppy epiglottis. Macintosh (curved) the top is inserted into the Vallecula, puts pressure on the muscles and forces the epiglottis to lift with the tongue and the blade. Blade age range sizes: for a Newborn, less than 2 kg - 0 miller or more than 2 Kg - 1 miller, for a 6 months to 2 years old pt - 1-2 miller, for a 2-8 year old pt - 2 miller, for a 8-12 year old pt - 2 miller or 2 Mac, and for any pt Over 12 years old - 3 miller or Mac Compare techniques for suctioning an intubated patient - ANSWER -Pre oxygenate if possible. After suctioning, oxygenate for 30-60 seconds. Suction 3-5 seconds in newborns, 10 seconds in pediatrics, and 10-15 seconds in adults. Choose Rigid or yankauer catheter. Used for the mouth and throat. Measure like an OPA and only go that deep. Insert without suctioning and cover the proximal hole to suction on the way out. Ventilate the patient and clear the suction catheter with saline before repeating. Soft suction, or french catheter, is used for blood or mucus in ET tubes, or nasopharynx, or oropharynx. Measure from the nose to the ear and then to the sternal notch. Turn on power unit and confirm suction on a gloved