NURS 2000 ACTUAL 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔What is the impact of power imbalances in health care? - ✔✔Power imbalances can
lead to marginalization and affect individuals' access to resources and health outcomes.
✔✔What is the relationship between health promotion and social justice? - ✔✔Health
promotion is closely linked to social justice as it seeks to address health disparities and
empower marginalized communities.
✔✔What are the four components of the nursing metaparadigm? - ✔✔Person, health,
environment, and nursing.
✔✔What are the four ways of knowing in nursing? - ✔✔Empirical, personal, ethical, and
aesthetic.
✔✔What is the role of a professional nursing association? - ✔✔Advancing the
profession and influencing nursing, health, and public policy.
✔✔What is the primary purpose of a college of nursing? - ✔✔To protect the public
through nursing regulation.
✔✔What are the key roles of a nurse in policy? - ✔✔Policy
development/implementation, policy advisory, policy analyst, policy advocate, and Chief
Nursing Officer.
✔✔What influences public policy? - ✔✔Government ideology, previous policy decisions,
external pressures, societal pressure, and population changes.
✔✔What is the first step in the policy development process? - ✔✔Identify, describe, and
analyze the problem.
✔✔What is the last step in the policy development process? - ✔✔Evaluate the policy.
✔✔What are the dimensions for analyzing a policy? - ✔✔Effectiveness, unintended
effects, equity, cost, feasibility, and acceptability.
✔✔What characteristics define a good policy? - ✔✔Clear outcomes, explicit
assumptions, alignment with organizational direction, public interest priority, efficiency,
measurable outcomes, appropriate funding, legal compliance, enforceability, and
historical context.
,✔✔What is the purpose of a Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA)? - ✔✔To
describe the health state of a community, identify risk factors, and suggest actions to
address health issues.
✔✔What is social epidemiology? - ✔✔A discipline that studies how social conditions
influence health and disease distribution.
✔✔What are the three levels of health determinants? - ✔✔Downstream (immediate
needs), midstream (intermediary determinants), and upstream (structural determinants).
✔✔What are the five action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion? -
✔✔Building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening
community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services.
✔✔What is the significance of health promotion? - ✔✔It enables people to increase
control over and improve their health.
✔✔What is the role of community engagement in health assessments? - ✔✔It ensures
that interventions are tailored to the needs of the public and improves outcomes.
✔✔What methods are used for data collection in community health assessments? -
✔✔Observation, key informant interviews, surveys, questionnaires, focus groups, and
population data.
✔✔What is the importance of evaluating a policy? - ✔✔To assess its effectiveness and
determine if it meets its intended goals.
✔✔What does it mean for a policy to be enforceable? - ✔✔It must have mechanisms in
place to ensure compliance and implementation.
✔✔What are some barriers to implementing health policies? - ✔✔Power imbalances,
lack of resources, and community resistance.
✔✔What is the significance of intersectionality in health policy? - ✔✔It addresses how
various social identities intersect to impact health outcomes.
✔✔What is the goal of health promotion strategies? - ✔✔To empower individuals and
communities to make healthier choices.
✔✔What is the role of political commitment in health policy? - ✔✔It is essential for
supporting and sustaining health initiatives.
✔✔What does 'evidence-informed practice' mean in nursing? - ✔✔Using the best
available evidence to guide clinical decision-making.
, ✔✔What is the impact of macro social policies? - ✔✔They target broader political,
cultural, economic, and environmental contexts for health improvement.
✔✔What is the purpose of developing indicators in health programs? - ✔✔To measure
progress and outcomes of health initiatives.
✔✔What is the relationship between health policy and health promotion? - ✔✔They are
interconnected and reciprocal, influencing each other's effectiveness.
✔✔What are vital statistics? - ✔✔Systematically tabulated information concerning
births, deaths, marriages, divorces, separations, and deaths based on registrations of
these events.
✔✔What is epidemiology? - ✔✔The study of diseases, investigating how, when, and
why they occur, and who is at the highest risk of negative outcomes.
✔✔What are the substantive areas of social epidemiology? - ✔✔The social patterning
of health, multilevel determinants, processes and mechanisms, and policies and
interventions.
✔✔What are the functions of epidemiology? - ✔✔Public health surveillance, field
investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, linkages, and policy development.
✔✔What is the difference between association and causation? - ✔✔Association is a
statistical relationship between two variables, while causation indicates that a change in
one variable produces a change in another.
✔✔What is morbidity? - ✔✔Rates that provide a picture of a population and disease
over time, indicating susceptibility and effectiveness of health promotion.
✔✔What is the infant mortality rate (IMR)? - ✔✔IMR = (number of infant deaths during a
time period / number of live births during the same time period) x 100.
✔✔What does incidence measure? - ✔✔The number of new cases during a time period
in a population at risk.
✔✔What is prevalence? - ✔✔The number of existing cases in a population at risk,
expressed as a proportion.
✔✔What are the 5 W's of descriptive epidemiology? - ✔✔What (diagnosis), Who
(affected persons), When (time), Where (places), Why/How (causes and risk factors).
AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔What is the impact of power imbalances in health care? - ✔✔Power imbalances can
lead to marginalization and affect individuals' access to resources and health outcomes.
✔✔What is the relationship between health promotion and social justice? - ✔✔Health
promotion is closely linked to social justice as it seeks to address health disparities and
empower marginalized communities.
✔✔What are the four components of the nursing metaparadigm? - ✔✔Person, health,
environment, and nursing.
✔✔What are the four ways of knowing in nursing? - ✔✔Empirical, personal, ethical, and
aesthetic.
✔✔What is the role of a professional nursing association? - ✔✔Advancing the
profession and influencing nursing, health, and public policy.
✔✔What is the primary purpose of a college of nursing? - ✔✔To protect the public
through nursing regulation.
✔✔What are the key roles of a nurse in policy? - ✔✔Policy
development/implementation, policy advisory, policy analyst, policy advocate, and Chief
Nursing Officer.
✔✔What influences public policy? - ✔✔Government ideology, previous policy decisions,
external pressures, societal pressure, and population changes.
✔✔What is the first step in the policy development process? - ✔✔Identify, describe, and
analyze the problem.
✔✔What is the last step in the policy development process? - ✔✔Evaluate the policy.
✔✔What are the dimensions for analyzing a policy? - ✔✔Effectiveness, unintended
effects, equity, cost, feasibility, and acceptability.
✔✔What characteristics define a good policy? - ✔✔Clear outcomes, explicit
assumptions, alignment with organizational direction, public interest priority, efficiency,
measurable outcomes, appropriate funding, legal compliance, enforceability, and
historical context.
,✔✔What is the purpose of a Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA)? - ✔✔To
describe the health state of a community, identify risk factors, and suggest actions to
address health issues.
✔✔What is social epidemiology? - ✔✔A discipline that studies how social conditions
influence health and disease distribution.
✔✔What are the three levels of health determinants? - ✔✔Downstream (immediate
needs), midstream (intermediary determinants), and upstream (structural determinants).
✔✔What are the five action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion? -
✔✔Building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening
community action, developing personal skills, and reorienting health services.
✔✔What is the significance of health promotion? - ✔✔It enables people to increase
control over and improve their health.
✔✔What is the role of community engagement in health assessments? - ✔✔It ensures
that interventions are tailored to the needs of the public and improves outcomes.
✔✔What methods are used for data collection in community health assessments? -
✔✔Observation, key informant interviews, surveys, questionnaires, focus groups, and
population data.
✔✔What is the importance of evaluating a policy? - ✔✔To assess its effectiveness and
determine if it meets its intended goals.
✔✔What does it mean for a policy to be enforceable? - ✔✔It must have mechanisms in
place to ensure compliance and implementation.
✔✔What are some barriers to implementing health policies? - ✔✔Power imbalances,
lack of resources, and community resistance.
✔✔What is the significance of intersectionality in health policy? - ✔✔It addresses how
various social identities intersect to impact health outcomes.
✔✔What is the goal of health promotion strategies? - ✔✔To empower individuals and
communities to make healthier choices.
✔✔What is the role of political commitment in health policy? - ✔✔It is essential for
supporting and sustaining health initiatives.
✔✔What does 'evidence-informed practice' mean in nursing? - ✔✔Using the best
available evidence to guide clinical decision-making.
, ✔✔What is the impact of macro social policies? - ✔✔They target broader political,
cultural, economic, and environmental contexts for health improvement.
✔✔What is the purpose of developing indicators in health programs? - ✔✔To measure
progress and outcomes of health initiatives.
✔✔What is the relationship between health policy and health promotion? - ✔✔They are
interconnected and reciprocal, influencing each other's effectiveness.
✔✔What are vital statistics? - ✔✔Systematically tabulated information concerning
births, deaths, marriages, divorces, separations, and deaths based on registrations of
these events.
✔✔What is epidemiology? - ✔✔The study of diseases, investigating how, when, and
why they occur, and who is at the highest risk of negative outcomes.
✔✔What are the substantive areas of social epidemiology? - ✔✔The social patterning
of health, multilevel determinants, processes and mechanisms, and policies and
interventions.
✔✔What are the functions of epidemiology? - ✔✔Public health surveillance, field
investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, linkages, and policy development.
✔✔What is the difference between association and causation? - ✔✔Association is a
statistical relationship between two variables, while causation indicates that a change in
one variable produces a change in another.
✔✔What is morbidity? - ✔✔Rates that provide a picture of a population and disease
over time, indicating susceptibility and effectiveness of health promotion.
✔✔What is the infant mortality rate (IMR)? - ✔✔IMR = (number of infant deaths during a
time period / number of live births during the same time period) x 100.
✔✔What does incidence measure? - ✔✔The number of new cases during a time period
in a population at risk.
✔✔What is prevalence? - ✔✔The number of existing cases in a population at risk,
expressed as a proportion.
✔✔What are the 5 W's of descriptive epidemiology? - ✔✔What (diagnosis), Who
(affected persons), When (time), Where (places), Why/How (causes and risk factors).
