Straighterline Nutrition Final Exam –
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
A group of amino acids bonded together, from 50 to 2000 or more. - ANSWER -
Polypeptide bond
stomach - ANSWER -The enzymatic digestion of protein begins in the
a major stomach enzyme for digesting proteins, - ANSWER -Pepsin
gastrin-Gastrin also strongly stimulates the stomach to produce acid. - ANSWER -
The release of pepsin is controlled by the hormone
small intestine. Once in the small intestine, the partially digested proteins (and any
fats accompanying them) trigger the release of the hormone cholecystokinin
(CCK) from the walls of the small intestine. - ANSWER -The partially digested
proteins move from the stomach into the:
pancreas where it causes the pancreas to release protein-splitting enzymes, such as
trypsin. These digestive enzymes further divide the chains of amino acids into
segments of two to three amino acids and some individual amino acids. Eventually,
this mixture is digested into amino acids, using other enzymes from the lining of
the small intestine and enzymes present in the absorptive cells themselves. -
ANSWER -CCK, in turn, travels through the bloodstream to the:
liver via the portal vein, which drains absorbed nutrients from the intestinal tract.
In the liver, individual amino acids can undergo several modifications, depending
on the needs of various body tissues. Individual amino acids may be combined into
the proteins needed by specific cells; broken down for energy needs; released into
the bloodstream; or converted into nonessential amino acids, glucose, or fat. With
excess protein intake, amino acids are converted into fat as a last resort. -
ANSWER -The short chains of amino acids and any individual amino acids in the
,small intestine are taken up by active transport into the absorptive cells lining the
small intestine. Any remaining peptide bonds are broken inside intestinal cells to
yield individual amino acids. They are water-soluble, so the amino acids travel to
the:
Every cell contains protein. Muscles, connective tissue, mucus, blood-clotting
factors, transport proteins in the bloodstream, lipoproteins, enzymes, immune
antibodies, some hormones, visual pigments, and the support structure inside bones
are made of protein. - ANSWER -Protein importance:
The process by which cells break down old proteins and resynthesize new
proteins. In this way, the cell will have the proteins it needs to function at that time.
- ANSWER -Protein turnover:
Body fluid balance - ANSWER -Blood proteins help maintain:
Proteins located in cell membranes pump chemical ions in and out of cells. The
ion concentration that results from the pumping action, among other factors, keeps
the blood slightly alkaline. In addition, some blood proteins are especially good
buffers for the body. Buffers are compounds that maintain acid-base conditions
within a narrow range. - ANSWER -Proteins help regulate acid-base balance in the
blood-explain:
hormones—our internal body messengers. Some hormones, such as the thyroid
hormones, are made from only one type of amino acid, tyrosine. Insulin, on the
other hand, is a hormone composed of 51 amino acids. Almost all enzymes are
proteins or have a protein component. - ANSWER -Amino acids are required for
the synthesis of many:
The buildup of excess fluid in extracellular spaces. - ANSWER -Edema
An example is the antibodies, proteins produced by one type of white blood cell.
These antibodies can bind to foreign proteins in the bloodstream an important step
in removing invaders from the body. Without sufficient dietary protein, the
, immune system lacks the materials needed to function properly. - ANSWER -
Proteins are a key component of the cells within the immune system. Explain:
amino acids in body tissues. - ANSWER -If you do not consume enough
carbohydrate to supply the glucose, your liver (and kidneys, to a lesser extent) will
be forced to make glucose from:
proteins. - ANSWER -Under most conditions, cells primarily use fats and
carbohydrates for energy needs, but lack of carb intake means it might use:
satiety after a meal. - ANSWER -proteins provide the highest feeling of
beans, nuts, seeds, fat-free milk, and seafood - ANSWER -protein-rich foods
Incorporate seafood as the protein foods choice in meals twice per week in place
of meat, poultry, or eggs.
Use legumes or nuts and seeds in mixed dishes instead of some meat or poultry.
Shift to nutrient-dense options, including lean and lower sodium options, to
improve the nutritional quality of protein food choices and support healthy eating
patterns.
Some individuals, especially teen boys and adult men, also need to reduce overall
intake of protein foods by decreasing intakes of meats, poultry, and eggs and
increasing amounts of vegetables or other underconsumed food groups. -
ANSWER -2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend the
following shifts to increase variety in protein foods choices and to make more
nutrient-dense choices:
Triglycerides-Fatty acids are found in triglycerides. A fatty acid is basically a long
chain of carbons bonded together and flanked by hydrogens. - ANSWER -the
primary form of lipids in the body and in foods
A fatty acid containing no carbon-carbon double bonds. - ANSWER -Saturated
fatty acid
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
A group of amino acids bonded together, from 50 to 2000 or more. - ANSWER -
Polypeptide bond
stomach - ANSWER -The enzymatic digestion of protein begins in the
a major stomach enzyme for digesting proteins, - ANSWER -Pepsin
gastrin-Gastrin also strongly stimulates the stomach to produce acid. - ANSWER -
The release of pepsin is controlled by the hormone
small intestine. Once in the small intestine, the partially digested proteins (and any
fats accompanying them) trigger the release of the hormone cholecystokinin
(CCK) from the walls of the small intestine. - ANSWER -The partially digested
proteins move from the stomach into the:
pancreas where it causes the pancreas to release protein-splitting enzymes, such as
trypsin. These digestive enzymes further divide the chains of amino acids into
segments of two to three amino acids and some individual amino acids. Eventually,
this mixture is digested into amino acids, using other enzymes from the lining of
the small intestine and enzymes present in the absorptive cells themselves. -
ANSWER -CCK, in turn, travels through the bloodstream to the:
liver via the portal vein, which drains absorbed nutrients from the intestinal tract.
In the liver, individual amino acids can undergo several modifications, depending
on the needs of various body tissues. Individual amino acids may be combined into
the proteins needed by specific cells; broken down for energy needs; released into
the bloodstream; or converted into nonessential amino acids, glucose, or fat. With
excess protein intake, amino acids are converted into fat as a last resort. -
ANSWER -The short chains of amino acids and any individual amino acids in the
,small intestine are taken up by active transport into the absorptive cells lining the
small intestine. Any remaining peptide bonds are broken inside intestinal cells to
yield individual amino acids. They are water-soluble, so the amino acids travel to
the:
Every cell contains protein. Muscles, connective tissue, mucus, blood-clotting
factors, transport proteins in the bloodstream, lipoproteins, enzymes, immune
antibodies, some hormones, visual pigments, and the support structure inside bones
are made of protein. - ANSWER -Protein importance:
The process by which cells break down old proteins and resynthesize new
proteins. In this way, the cell will have the proteins it needs to function at that time.
- ANSWER -Protein turnover:
Body fluid balance - ANSWER -Blood proteins help maintain:
Proteins located in cell membranes pump chemical ions in and out of cells. The
ion concentration that results from the pumping action, among other factors, keeps
the blood slightly alkaline. In addition, some blood proteins are especially good
buffers for the body. Buffers are compounds that maintain acid-base conditions
within a narrow range. - ANSWER -Proteins help regulate acid-base balance in the
blood-explain:
hormones—our internal body messengers. Some hormones, such as the thyroid
hormones, are made from only one type of amino acid, tyrosine. Insulin, on the
other hand, is a hormone composed of 51 amino acids. Almost all enzymes are
proteins or have a protein component. - ANSWER -Amino acids are required for
the synthesis of many:
The buildup of excess fluid in extracellular spaces. - ANSWER -Edema
An example is the antibodies, proteins produced by one type of white blood cell.
These antibodies can bind to foreign proteins in the bloodstream an important step
in removing invaders from the body. Without sufficient dietary protein, the
, immune system lacks the materials needed to function properly. - ANSWER -
Proteins are a key component of the cells within the immune system. Explain:
amino acids in body tissues. - ANSWER -If you do not consume enough
carbohydrate to supply the glucose, your liver (and kidneys, to a lesser extent) will
be forced to make glucose from:
proteins. - ANSWER -Under most conditions, cells primarily use fats and
carbohydrates for energy needs, but lack of carb intake means it might use:
satiety after a meal. - ANSWER -proteins provide the highest feeling of
beans, nuts, seeds, fat-free milk, and seafood - ANSWER -protein-rich foods
Incorporate seafood as the protein foods choice in meals twice per week in place
of meat, poultry, or eggs.
Use legumes or nuts and seeds in mixed dishes instead of some meat or poultry.
Shift to nutrient-dense options, including lean and lower sodium options, to
improve the nutritional quality of protein food choices and support healthy eating
patterns.
Some individuals, especially teen boys and adult men, also need to reduce overall
intake of protein foods by decreasing intakes of meats, poultry, and eggs and
increasing amounts of vegetables or other underconsumed food groups. -
ANSWER -2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend the
following shifts to increase variety in protein foods choices and to make more
nutrient-dense choices:
Triglycerides-Fatty acids are found in triglycerides. A fatty acid is basically a long
chain of carbons bonded together and flanked by hydrogens. - ANSWER -the
primary form of lipids in the body and in foods
A fatty acid containing no carbon-carbon double bonds. - ANSWER -Saturated
fatty acid
