TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1
- 15
, CHAPTER 1
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING
Multiple Choice Questions
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime thanany
other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
New instincts begin to emerge.
Human thought becomes less logical with each generation.
Humans can benefit from their experiences.
Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed interms
of stimuli and responses.
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocate
political practices he has previously opposed.
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related to the
multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since hewas
bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade. Isthis an
instance of learning?
Yes, because her behavior has changed.
No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
Maybe, although the change may simply be due to
physiological maturation.
Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected in a
person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily reflect
learning?
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past hisusual
bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to
concentrate on what he‘s doing.
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a conversation
with his grandmother, he can now describe the circumstances of the
family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting,dribbling, etc.) on
a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his movements
become faster and smoother.
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwork, but
most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teacher assures
him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, he begins asking
for help much more frequently.
research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and
research examines learning in real-world settings.
Applied; Basic Basic;
Qualitative Qualitative;
AppliedBasic; Applied
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
A description of the results of a particular research study
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
particular situation
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
A description of the results of a particular research study
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
particular situation
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
of learning rather than a principle?
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
People learn by making mental associations between new informationand
their existing knowledge.
A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases more
rapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe
lecture‘s content.
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conceptof
introspection?
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖
―A penny for your thoughts.‖
―Old habits die hard.‖
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the basic
premise underlying social learning theory?
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible explanation
for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animalspecies in their
thinking and learning capacities?
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing so,pass
along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors fromwhich
they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.,
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quicklyand
efficiently.
4
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1
- 15
, CHAPTER 1
PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING
Multiple Choice Questions
Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime thanany
other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
New instincts begin to emerge.
Human thought becomes less logical with each generation.
Humans can benefit from their experiences.
Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed interms
of stimuli and responses.
Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble.
After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to advocate
political practices he has previously opposed.
Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related to the
multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
David has been running away from German shepherds ever since hewas
bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade. Isthis an
instance of learning?
Yes, because her behavior has changed.
No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
Maybe, although the change may simply be due to
physiological maturation.
Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
2
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected in a
person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily reflect
learning?
Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past hisusual
bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly difficult to
concentrate on what he‘s doing.
Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a conversation
with his grandmother, he can now describe the circumstances of the
family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting,dribbling, etc.) on
a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his movements
become faster and smoother.
Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his classwork, but
most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own. After his teacher assures
him that asking for help is not a sign of weakness or inability, he begins asking
for help much more frequently.
research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and
research examines learning in real-world settings.
Applied; Basic Basic;
Qualitative Qualitative;
AppliedBasic; Applied
A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
A description of the results of a particular research study
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
particular situation
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
A description of the results of a particular research study
A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
The measurement of how much learning has occurred in a
particular situation
An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
3
, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
of learning rather than a principle?
A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
People learn by making mental associations between new informationand
their existing knowledge.
A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases more
rapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe
lecture‘s content.
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the conceptof
introspection?
―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖
―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖
―A penny for your thoughts.‖
―Old habits die hard.‖
Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the basic
premise underlying social learning theory?
―Monkey see, monkey do.‖
―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖
―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖
Which one of the following statements provides the most credible explanation
for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other animalspecies in their
thinking and learning capacities?
Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing so,pass
along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors fromwhich
they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.,
elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more quicklyand
efficiently.
4
