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a * in depth analysis/summary of reference back by Phillip Larkin

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a star summary of reference back by Phillip larkin , including lots of in detail in depth analysis with quote expansions. includes all the assessment objectives, as well as comparison to the Mean time by carol Ann Duffy anthology for top grade analysis. perfect for a level English lit WJEC EDUQAS students.

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Reference back

“that was a pretty one, I heard you call …From the
unsatisfactory hall to the unsatisfactory room”- pathetic, banal
adjective of pretty- superficiality, inappropriate adjective
typically used to describe music- a pitiful attempt at connection
despite a lack of interest. Italicised- His mother's words could
be Larkin mocking her showcasing his annoyance towards her
lack of interest in his genre of music. A desire for connection is
met with a lack of interaction - disconnect. Enjambment
perhaps symbolizes the longing of the parent to communicate,
which is met with an almost complaint - a detraction
"unsatisfactory hall". One, unanswered line of dialogue -
relationship is broken and only consists of the mother reaching
out to her son in vain through direct speech- gulf in maternal
relationship. Refrain of "unsatisfactory" illustrates the
discontent within the home. from "hall" to "room" shows that
the home gives a sense of entrapment, no sense of escape-
unusual syntax, not what a childhood should be. Tender
domestic observance.

‘played record after record”- repetition signifies the
synonymous, slow drab music- dichotomy of negative thought
towards his mother. Powerful nature of emotions evoked by
music.

"idly, Wasting my time at home, that you Looked so much
forward too”- Enjambment between 'you'/'looked' show
dichotomy/disparity between speaker's boredom and
disappointment and his mother's excitement- dichotomy of
thought highlights the distance between them. CONTEXT OF
THE DAD DYING. Image of loneliness for the mother. "idly" -
admitting to a lack of proactiveness and leads into a regretful
"wasting" of lost time. Disconnect is displayed by juxtaposing
behaviour - "idly, wasting" and "looking so much forward to".
Connotations of frustration, life being portrayed as static.

“Oliver’s Riverside Blues, it was”- intercontextual reference-
priority of values- music triumphs over his mother. Song
contrasts to the poem- was released 30 years prior to when this
poem was written- commenting on the immortality of songs
comparatively to the inherent mortality of humans- reminds

, him of his youth. JAZZ CONTEXT. Music isn’t just a pleasurable
past time, it’s an escape.

“the flock of notes these antique negroes blew…out of Chicago
air into”- exciting and vibrant metaphor- sense of freedom from
maternal relationship and glimmer of hope in what is presented
as a dormant life free of progression. The notes building the
“sudden bridge”- anthropomorphism/personification. ANNA
WARBURG CRITIC QUOTE. Memories are brief- like a flock of
birds flying away. “antique”- value and worth, not attributions
of his mother- most passionate when talking about music,
makes it sound alive- contrasts dreary atmosphere of the
house.

“Three decades later made the sudden bridge”- polysemy of
bridge, literary and musical term- jazz music is the method of
their connection. Use of noun “bridge”- inability to rid ourselves
of memories- use of adverb “sudden”- time is able to heal
familial wounds and thus overtime we could rebuild
relationships with people- sense of optimism? AI= “sudden”-
sense of a transient connection or an insincere one- mother
possibly fakes this (music being “pretty”). But sincere
motivations- love for her child? Bridge- metaphor for music
connecting the age divide between older and younger
generations.

"Your unsatisfactory age To my unsatisfactory prime."-
repetition/juxtaposition highlights pessimism which end stop
emphasises. Enjambement- distance the metaphorical bridge
crosses in order to connect them. But, what connects them in
reality is the ‘unsatisfactory’ nature of their live- the only
dependable, shared feature of humanity? Oxymoron of the
“unsatisfactory prime”- monotony of what should be idealised,
most treasured time of life- societal diatribe- despondent,
questioning society’s pressure to have a satisfying life by
20’s/30’s and the pushing notion that the best parts of life are
fleeting- they have been and gone (larkin was 33 years old).
“age”- presuming she’s unsatisfied due to her being older-
presumptuous. Anaphora.

“Truly, though our element is time, we are not suited to the
long perspectives open at each end of our lives”- philosophical

Connected book
 image
Philip Larkin The Whitsun Weddings
Publisher: Unknown ISBN: 9780571259441 Edition: Unknown

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Summarized whole book?
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Uploaded on
December 31, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
Type
Summary
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