Introduction to Sustainability (Sustain 1S03) - All Quizzes Latest Updated 100% -McMaster.

Introduction to Sustainability (Sustain 1S03) - All Quizzes Latest Updated 100% -McMaster. 1- Sustainability Concepts Question 1 1 / 1 point What was the last name of the person who came up with the common definition of sustainability in 1987? Answer : Brundtland Question 2 1 / 1 point What are the three pillars of Sustainability? for blank # 1: Environment for blank # 2: Society for blank # 3: Economy Question 3 1 po What is the intersection of social and economic elements called in the overlapping themes of the sustainability paradigm (Venn)? Answer : Equitable Question 4 1 / 1 point The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) takes the extra step of drawing a distinction between sustainability and what? Question options: a) society b) sustainable development c) economic metrics d) environmental protection on 1 p The Jevons paradox is the principle that as technological progress increases the efficiency of resource utilization, consumption of that resource will increase.Question options: a) True b) False on 1 po The notion that tradeoffs among natural, human, and social capital are not allowed or are very restricted. Question options: a) strong sustainability b) not sustainability c) weak sustainability d) Brundtland's Commission on 1 p The notion where tradeoffs are unrestricted or have few limits. Question options: a) weak sustainability b) strong sustainability c) Not sustainability d) sustainability metrics on 1 p The Brundtland Report makes it clear that while sustainable development is enabled by technological advances and economic viability, it is first and foremost a social construct that seeks to improve the quality of life for the world’s peoples: Question options: a) physically, through the equitable supply of human and ecological goods and servicesb) none of the options c) strategically, through safeguarding the interests of generations to come d) aspirationally, through making available the widespread means for advancement through access to education, systems of j healthcare; on 1 p Sustainable Development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Question options: a) True b) False on 1 po What does I in the IPAT equation (I=P×A×T) stand for? Answer : Impact Question 11 1 / 1 point When technological progress increases the efficiency of resource utilization, consumption of that resource will increase. Increased consumption that negates part of the efficiency gains is referred to as over-consumption. Question options: a) True b) False View Feedback Question 12 1 / 1 point An approach that seeks to minimize environmental impacts by maximizing material and energy efficiencies of production. Question options: a) energy savings b) eco-efficiencyc) rebound d) over consumption on 1 p What was the final report of the Brundtland Commission in 1987 called? Question options: a) Our Common Future b) The Sustainability Report c) The Brundtland Journal d) The Agenda on 1 p Activities that are considered sustainable are those that: Question options: a) Have cyclical processes b) Require resources in quantities that could never be available for people everywhere. c) Use renewable resources faster than their rate of renewal. d) Require continual inputs of non-renewable resources. on 1 p Sustainable planning requires consideration of (check all that apply, all or nothing grading): o Question options: a) resource and energy useb) direction of investments c) technological development d) social, political and institutional change 15 / 15 - 100 % Overall 15 / 15 - 100 % Quiz#2-Life Cycle Analysis 0 / 1 point There is a universally accepted standard for the life cycle assessment evaluation method. Question options: Give 1 reasons why Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) is useful despite it's challenges Answer: Quantitative Question 3 1 / 1 point What are the 4 steps of the LCA? Question options:ory analysis, impact assessment, interpretation ory analysis, economic assessment, interpretation analysis, impact assessment, interpretation ory analysis, weighting, impact assessment What body has defined the basic method for the Life Cycle Analysis process? Answer: SETAC and ISO Question 5 1 / 1 point What are the two flows of the Life Cycle? Answer for blank # 1: technical part Answer for blank # 2: societal part Question 6 1 / 1 point Which weighing method discussed in class is based on the distance to a Dutch government policy? Answer : Eco-points Question 7 1 / 1 point What is the main function of a pencil? Answer : writing Question 8 1 / 1 point Life Cycle Assessment is most often used for which of the following: Question options:n What are the five general stages of the product or service chain examined in a life cycle assessment? Question options: processing, utilization, end of life, social impact processing, manufacturing, use, end of life disposal manufacturing, transportation, use, recycling manufacturing, transportation, re-use, end of life disposal What is the appropriate functional unit of measurement for comparing shoes? Question options: arsWould it be practical to compare concrete pavement to paving stones pavement? (Yes or No) Answer: Yes Question 12 1 / 1 point Which of the following is an example of a product that has its highest environmental impact during the end of life phase of its life cycle? Question options: Which of the following is NOT included in LCA Question options: materials duct of LCA Transportation is included as part of the Life Cycle Assessment Question options:What is Life Cycle Assessment? Question options: a) A tool to assess the environmental biocapacity of products, systems, or services at all stages in their life cycle b) A tool to assess the potential environmental impacts of products, systems, or services at all stages in their life c c) A tool to assess the potential environmental risk of products, systems, or services in the stage of their disposal d) A tool to assess the potential environmental impacts of products, systems, or services at some stages in their li 14 / 15 - 93.33 % 14 / 15 - 93.33 % Quiz #3 - Life Cycle Types and Chapter 11 Question 1 1 / 1 point What is Cradle-to-gate? Question options: a) a special type of LCA involving the application of carbon cycles to gates.b) a partial LCA looking at a single added process or material in the product c) a special type of LCA involving the application of fuel cycles to transporta d) includes material acquisition, manufacturing/refining/fabrication (factory uses and end-of-life Question 2 What is the main defining feature of cradle to grave? Question options: a) The process has a built in obsolescence where it can be re-used at the end b) life cycle in which at the end of the process the product is discarded or rec c) life cycle in which at the end of the process the product is discarded or goe d) life cycle in which at the end of the process the product is recycled. Question 3 What are the 4 steps of the LCA? Question options: a) goal and scope, inventory analysis, economic assessment, interpretation b) goal and scope, event analysis, impact assessment, interpretation c) goal and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment, interpretation d) goal and scope, inventory analysis, weighting, impact assessment Question 4 Why has the environmental sustainability index gained popularity? Question options: a) No one knowsb) because it aids decision-making by providing clear comparisons of popula c) because it aids decision-making by providing clear comparisons of industr d) because it aids decision-making by providing clear comparisons of enviro Question 5 Which of these are examples of designed for the dump products? Question options: a) LCD Monitors b) Cellphone c) TV d) Biodegradable T-shirt Question 6 What is a major drawback of the ESI? Question options: a) That the indicators measure items as different as percentage of endangered government corruption, and child mortality rates. b) That the indicators do not measure items equally. c) That the scores only go up to 100. d) It has not been criticized. Question 7 Emergy is the amount of solar energy that has been used directly or indirectly to make a g Question options: a) Trueb) False Question 8 What 5 indicator categories are used by the environmental sustainability index (ESI)? Question options: a) environmental systems, reducing environmental stress, reducing human vu respond to environmental challenges and global stewardship efforts b) environmental standards, reducing environmental risk, reducing human po respond to environmental challenges and global awareness efforts c) environmental systems, reducing environmental consevation, reducing hum vulnerability, capacity to respond to environmental challenges and global d) environmental standards, reducing environmental stress, reducing human bio-capacity and global warming Question 9 Of these three - ESI, EF and EMPI- which two take into account wastefulness and recycling Question options: a) ESI b) EMPI c) EF d) All three of above. Question 10 Which of these are features of designed for the dump products? Question options: a) Often difficult to find replacement parts b) designed using many hazardous compounds, and recycling these producc) Most of the time it is cheaper to replace the product than to fix it d) They have short-life spans, or become obsolete quickly Question 11 Which of these are Impact Categories? Question options: a) Human Health, Eutrophication, Acidification, smog formation, Global Cl b) Human Population, Eutrophication, Acid rain, smog formation, Provincia c) Human Health, Eutrophication, Acid rain, smog formation, Municipal Cl d) Human Population, Eutrophication, Acidification, smog formation, Regio Question 12 What is the definition of upcycling? Question options: a) reuse discarded objects or material in such a way as to create a product o b) reuse discarded objects or material in such a way as to create a product o c) reuse discarded objects or material in such a way as to create a product o d) reuse discarded objects or material in such a way as to create a product th Question 13 In the cradle to cradle model, all materials used in industrial or commercial processes fall Answer for blank # 1: Biological Answer for blank # 2: Technical Question 14What is Life Cycle Assessment? Question options: a) A tool to assess the environmental biocapacity of products, systems, or se life cycle b) A tool to assess the potential environmental impacts of products, systems in their life cycle c) A tool to assess the potential environmental impacts of products, systems some stages in their life cycle d) A tool to assess the potential environmental risk of products, systems, or their disposal Question 15 Which of these Environmental Performance Indicators has units that are the easiest to und Question options: Ecological Footprinting (EF) Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) Emergy Performance Index (EMPI) There are no units associated with any Environmental Performance Indicators. 15 / 15 - 100 % Overall 15 / 15 - 100 % Quiz#4 - Energy and Materials and Chapter 10 Energy and Materials and Chapter 8 Question 1 1 / 1 point What are some disadvantages of solar cells? Check all that apply. Question options:a) relatively low efficiency when few installed b) only work in places of high sunlight c) Take up a lot of space d) Expensive Question 2 "Advanced Biofuels" are characterized by: Question options: a) Its higher performance than oil b) Its environmental rating c) Their similarity to present day gasoline, diesel and jet fuels d) Its compatibility with car engines Question 3 The disadvantages of advanced biofuels are (choose all that apply): Question options: a) Its incompatibility with existing car engines b) Its compatibility with exisitng car engines c) It has no disadvantages d) Its low energy density Question 4 What are advantages of solar energy? Check all that apply. Question options: a) The sun will always be there during our lifetimeb) Energy from the sun is free c) The sun does not produce greenhouse gas d) A solar cell is highly efficient energy production Question 5 Peak Oil Theory predicts.. Question options: a) That the U.S. oil production will peak in the 1990’s b) That the U.S. oil production will peak in the 1970’s c) That the U.S. oil production will peak in the 1970’s but consumption demands will decrease d) That the U.S. oil consumption will peak in the 1970’s Question 6 Nuclear is a non-renewable resource. Question options: a) True b) False Question 7 What are limitations of biomass energy? Check all that apply. Question options: a) Inefficient, only 30% efficiency b) It is a non-renewable resource c) It will always be there during our lifetimed) Release harmful solid carbon particles into the atmosphere Question 8 Biofuels are considered carbon-neutral. Question options: a) True b) False Question 9 Oil consumption has outpaced production over the past 20 years. Question options: a) True b) False Question 10 What is a non-renewable resource? Question options: Cannot be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption Can be re-made or re-grown at a scale comparable to its consumption Natural resources that can be replenished in a short period of time resources that can be manufactured by technological processes in a short period of time Question 11 Examples of biomass include (check all that apply): Question options: a) lumber mill sawdust b) paper mill sludge c) oat hullsd) plastic Question 12 Coal was the largest source of energy until it was replaced by what in the 1960s. Answer: Oil Question 13 1 / 1 point Which of these is not an environmental impact associated with coal? Question options: a) Air pollution b) Mining accidents c) oil spills d) disposal of byproducts e) All of the above Question 14 Which renewable energy source has the highest world energy consumption? Answer : Biomass Question 15 1 / 1 point Which of these are non-renewable resources? Check all that apply. Question options: a) coal b) natural gas c) nucleard) fossil fuels 15 / 15 - 100 % Overall 15 / 15 - 100 %