Psychology 100 Final Exam Study Guide, University-
Level Course – comprehensive final exam study
guide with key terms and definitions
Introduction:
This document provides a complete, exam-focused overview of core
Psychology 100 concepts in a clear question-and-answer format. It covers
major topics including biological psychology, learning and conditioning,
memory, cognition, development, personality, social psychology,
psychological disorders, and treatment approaches. The study guide is
designed as an extensive reference to support preparation for a
cumulative university-level final exam.
Exam Questions and Answers:
Psychology ---Correct Answer---The study of behavior and mental
processes
Cognitive Psychology ---Correct Answer---The study of mental processes,
such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, think, communicate,
and solve problems
Stress ---Correct Answer---The process by which we perceive and
respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as
threatening or challenging
,Fight-Or-Flight Response ---Correct Answer---An emergency response,
including activity of the sympathetic nervous system, that mobilizes
energy and activity for attacking or escaping a threat
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) ---Correct Answer---Selye's concept
of the body's adaptive response to stress in three stages--alarm,
resistance, exhaustion
Tend-And-Befriend Response ---Correct Answer---Under stress, people
(especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with
and seek support from others (befriend)
Sensory Memory ---Correct Answer---First stage in forming explicit
memories
Iconic Memory ---Correct Answer---Sensory of sight
Echoic ---Correct Answer---Sensory of sound
Implicit Memory ---Correct Answer---Retention of learned skills, or
classically conditioned associations, without conscious awareness
Automatic Processing ---Correct Answer---Unconscious encoding of
everyday information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-
learned information, such as word meanings
,Explicit Memory ---Correct Answer---Retention of facts and personal
events you can consciously retrieve
Effortful Processing ---Correct Answer---Encoding that requires attention
and conscious effort
Parallel Processing ---Correct Answer---The processing of many aspects
of a problem at the same time; the brain's natural mode of information
processing for many functions
Abnormal Behavior ---Correct Answer---Behavior that causes people to
experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily
lives.
Medical Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that suggests
when an individual displays symptoms of abnormal behavior, the root
cause will be found in a physical examination of the individual, which
may reveal a hormonal imbalance, a chemical deficiency, or a brain
injury.
Psychoanalytic Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
suggests that abnormal behavior stems from childhood conflicts over
opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression
Behavioral Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that looks at
the behavior itself as the problem
, Cognitive Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that suggests
that people's thoughts and beliefs are a central component of abnormal
behavior
Humanistic Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
emphasizes the responsibility people have for their own behavior, even
when such behavior is abnormal
Sociocultural Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
assumes that people's behavior both normal and abnormal is shaped by
the kind of family group, society, and culture in which they live.
DSM-IV-TR ---Correct Answer---A system, devised by American
Psychiatric Association, used by most professionals to diagnose and
classify abnormal behavior.
Anxiety Disorder ---Correct Answer---The occurrence of anxiety without
an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning.
Phobia ---Correct Answer---Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or
situations.
Panic Disorder ---Correct Answer---Anxiety disorder that takes the form
of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to as long as several hours.
Level Course – comprehensive final exam study
guide with key terms and definitions
Introduction:
This document provides a complete, exam-focused overview of core
Psychology 100 concepts in a clear question-and-answer format. It covers
major topics including biological psychology, learning and conditioning,
memory, cognition, development, personality, social psychology,
psychological disorders, and treatment approaches. The study guide is
designed as an extensive reference to support preparation for a
cumulative university-level final exam.
Exam Questions and Answers:
Psychology ---Correct Answer---The study of behavior and mental
processes
Cognitive Psychology ---Correct Answer---The study of mental processes,
such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, think, communicate,
and solve problems
Stress ---Correct Answer---The process by which we perceive and
respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as
threatening or challenging
,Fight-Or-Flight Response ---Correct Answer---An emergency response,
including activity of the sympathetic nervous system, that mobilizes
energy and activity for attacking or escaping a threat
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) ---Correct Answer---Selye's concept
of the body's adaptive response to stress in three stages--alarm,
resistance, exhaustion
Tend-And-Befriend Response ---Correct Answer---Under stress, people
(especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with
and seek support from others (befriend)
Sensory Memory ---Correct Answer---First stage in forming explicit
memories
Iconic Memory ---Correct Answer---Sensory of sight
Echoic ---Correct Answer---Sensory of sound
Implicit Memory ---Correct Answer---Retention of learned skills, or
classically conditioned associations, without conscious awareness
Automatic Processing ---Correct Answer---Unconscious encoding of
everyday information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-
learned information, such as word meanings
,Explicit Memory ---Correct Answer---Retention of facts and personal
events you can consciously retrieve
Effortful Processing ---Correct Answer---Encoding that requires attention
and conscious effort
Parallel Processing ---Correct Answer---The processing of many aspects
of a problem at the same time; the brain's natural mode of information
processing for many functions
Abnormal Behavior ---Correct Answer---Behavior that causes people to
experience distress and prevents them from functioning in their daily
lives.
Medical Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that suggests
when an individual displays symptoms of abnormal behavior, the root
cause will be found in a physical examination of the individual, which
may reveal a hormonal imbalance, a chemical deficiency, or a brain
injury.
Psychoanalytic Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
suggests that abnormal behavior stems from childhood conflicts over
opposing wishes regarding sex and aggression
Behavioral Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that looks at
the behavior itself as the problem
, Cognitive Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that suggests
that people's thoughts and beliefs are a central component of abnormal
behavior
Humanistic Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
emphasizes the responsibility people have for their own behavior, even
when such behavior is abnormal
Sociocultural Perspective ---Correct Answer---The perspective that
assumes that people's behavior both normal and abnormal is shaped by
the kind of family group, society, and culture in which they live.
DSM-IV-TR ---Correct Answer---A system, devised by American
Psychiatric Association, used by most professionals to diagnose and
classify abnormal behavior.
Anxiety Disorder ---Correct Answer---The occurrence of anxiety without
an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning.
Phobia ---Correct Answer---Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or
situations.
Panic Disorder ---Correct Answer---Anxiety disorder that takes the form
of panic attacks lasting from a few seconds to as long as several hours.
