GISP EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

GISP EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS

Data |exploration |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Data-centered |query |and |analysis



Dynamic |Segmentations |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |data |model |that |allows |the |use |of |linearly |
measured |data |on |a |coordinate |system



Georelational |data |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |vector |data |model |that |uses |a |split |
system |to |store |geometries |and |attributes



GeoSpatial |data |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Data |that |describes |both |the |locations |and |
characteristics |of |spatial |features |on |the |earth |surface



Object-based |data |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |data |model |that |uses |objects |to |organize |
spatial |data |and |stores |geometries |and |attributes |in |a |single |system



Raster |data |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |data |model |that |uses |a |grid |and |cells |to |
represent |the |spatial |variation |of |a |feature



Relational |Database |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |collection |of |tables |in |which |tables |are |
connected |to |one |another |by |keys



Topology |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |subfield |of |mathematics |that |when |applied |to |GIS, |
ensures |that |the |spatial |relationships |between |features |are |expressed |explicitly

,Triangulated |irregular |network |(TIN) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Composite |vector |data |that |
approximate |the |terrain |with |a |set |of |nonoverlapping |triangles



Vector |data |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |spatial |data |model |that |uses |points |and |their |x |y
|coordinates |to |construct |spatial |features |of |points, |lines |and |polygons




Azimuthal |Projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One |type |of |map |projection |that |retains |certain |
accurate |directions. |Azimuthal |also |refers |to |one |type |of |map |projection |that |uses |a |plane |as |
the |projection |surface



Central |lines |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |central |parallel |and |the |central |meridian. |Together, |
they |define |the |center |or |the |origin |of |a |map |projection



Clarke |1866 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |ground-measured |ellipsoid, |which |is |the |basis |for |the |
North |American |Datum |of |1927 |(NAD27)



Conformal |projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One |type |of |map |projection |that |preserves |local
|shapes




Conic |Projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One |type |of |map |projection |that |uses |a |cone |as |the |
projection |surface



Cylindrical |Projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One |type |of |map |projection |that |uses |a |cylinder
|as |the |projection |surface




Datum |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |basis |for |calculating |the |geographic |coordinates |of |a |
location. |An |ellipsoid |is |a |required |input |to |the |derivation |of |a |datum



Datum |shift |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |change |from |one |datum |to |another, |such |as |from |
NAD27 |to |NAD83, |which |can |result |in |substantial |horizontal |shifts |of |point |positions

,Decimal |degrees |(DD) |system |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |measurement |system |for |long |and |lat
|values |such |as |42.5




Degrees |minutes |seconds |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |measurement |system |for |long |and |lat |
values |such |as |42 |30' |00", |in |which |1 |degree |equals |60 |minutes |and |1 |minute |equals |60 |
seconds



Ellipsoid |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |model |that |approximates |the |earth, |ALSO |called |spheroid



Equidistant |projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-One |type |of |map |projection |that |represents |
areas |in |correct |relative |size



False |easting |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |value |applied |to |the |origin |of |a |coordinate |system |to |
change |the |x-coordinate |readings



False |northing |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |value |applied |to |the |origin |of |a |coordinate |system |to
|change |the |x-coordinate |readings




Geographic |Coordinate |data |base |(GCDB) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |Database |developed |by |
the |US |bro |of |Land |Managment |(BLM) |to |include |long |and |lat |values |and |other |descriptive |
information |for |section |corners |and |monuments |recorded |in |the |PLSS



Geographic |Coordinate |System |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |location |reference |system |for |spatial
|features |on |the |Earths |surface




GRS80 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |satellite-determined |ellipsoid |for |the |Geodetic |Reference |
System

, Lambert |Conformal |conic |projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |common |map |projection, |
which |is |the |basis |for |the |SPC |system |for |many |states



Latitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |angle |north |or |south |of |the |equatorial |plane



Longitude |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |angle |east |or |west |from |the |prime |meridian



Map |Projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |systematic |arrangement |of |parallels |and |meridians |
on |a |plane |surface



Meridians |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Lines |of |longitude |that |measure |locations |in |the |E-W |
direction |on |the |geographic |coordinate |system



NAD27 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-North |American |Datum |of |1927 |which |is |based |on |the |clarke |
1866 |ellipsoid



NAD83 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-North |American |Datum |of |1983 |which |is |based |on |the |GRS80 |
ellipsoid |and |has |its |origin |at |the |center |of |the |ellipsoid



Parallels |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Lines |of |latitude |that |measure |locations |in |the |N-S |direction |
on |the |geographic |coordinate |system



Principal |scale |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Same |as |the |scale |of |the |reference |globe



Projected |coordinate |system |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |plane |coordinate |system |that |is |based |
on |a |map |projection



Projection |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |system |used |to |transfer |locations |from |Earth's |surface |
to |a |flat |map.