HESI PN OB HESI PN PEDIATRICS, HESI PN
MATERNITY EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% CORRECT| well
Explained|
Which nonfood item is the most common cause of respiratory arrest in young
children?
a) latex balloons
b) broken rattles
c) buttons
d) pacifiers - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Nonfood items cause the majority of choking deaths in young children. Latex
balloons (A), whether partially inflated, uninflated, or popped, are the leading
cause of pediatric choking that leads to aspiration of small objects (A,B, and D)
because they experience the environment by placing objects in the mouth, but (A)
is the leading cause of death causing respiratory obstruction and arrest.
The practical nurse (PN) is talking with a group of elementary students about
bicycle safety. Which information should the PN provide?
a) wearing protective gear on a bicycle is a voluntary measure
b) children should wear a bicycle helmet when riding a bicycle
c) bicycle injuries involve a collision with an automobile
d) riding double is allowed if the bicycle has an extra large seat - ANSWER -
ANSWER: B
Rationale:
Bicycle accidents that result in head injuries are a common, accidental cause of
morbidity and mortality, so bicycle safety and some state laws mandate that
,children should wear a protective helmet (B). (A, C, and D) do not provide
accurate information.
An adolescent female who comes to the school clinic is reluctant to confide her
concerns to the practical nurse (PN). The PN tells the teen that confidentiality and
privacy are maintained unless a life-threatening situation arises. Which principal
supports the PN's response?
a) disclosures from the adolescent should be kept confidential
b) minor adolescents should not be encouraged to disclose private concerns
c) the adolescent should be encouraged to seek help outside of the school clinic
d) honest information ensures establishing a trusting relationship - ANSWER -
ANSWER: D
Rationale:
Critical elements in establishing trusting relationships include active listening,
responding to the adolescent's emotions, and ensuring confidentiality and privacy,
but situations that pose a life-threatening situation for the adolescent must be
reported. Minor-aged adolescents have the right to confidential communication
with providers unless the client is being abused or a life-threatening situation is
evident. Honesty (D) is vital in the development of trust between an adolescent and
a health professional. (A,B, and C) do not provide immediate intervention for the
adolescent's concerns about self integrity and safety.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a 6 year old girl who had surgery 12 hours
ago. The child tells the PN that she does not have pain but a few minutes later, tells
her parents that she does. What child development concept is relevant to this
situation?
a) inconsistency in pain reporting suggests that pain is not present
b) truthful reporting of pain should occur by this age
c) a child may have pain yet deny its presence to the nurse
d) children use pain experiences to manipulate their parents - ANSWER -
ANSWER: C
,Rationale:
A child may fear receiving an injection for pain or may believe that pain is a
deserved punishment for some misdeed, so the pain is denied (C) when the nurse
asks the child, who then readily admits having pain to a parent. This behavior
should not be interpreted as (D) but as a valid indication of pain. (A and B) are
incorrect interpretations of this behavior.
The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a child who is manifesting signs of shock
after a motor vehicle collision. Which finding is most important for the PN to
report to the charge nurse?
a) narrowing pulse pressure
b) irritability
c) apprehension
d) thirst - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
As shock progresses, perfusion in the microcirculation becomes marginal despite
compensatory adjustments, and the signs of decompensated shock become
pronounced, such as tachycardia and narrowing pulse pressure (A) (the difference
between systolic and diastolic blood pressure), which should be reported
immediately. (B,C, and D) are not as significant as (A).
The practical nurse (PN) arrives at the playgrounds and sees a school-aged boy
who has eaten something he is allergic to and is demonstrating a stridor. Which
action should the PN implement first?
a) ask if the child is alone
b) call for an ambulance
c) mov the child to a different environment
d) determine what the child has eaten - ANSWER -ANSWER: B
Rationale:
Food allergy hypersensitivity can cause an anaphylactic reaction that can occur
shortly after ingestion (5-30 minutes) or exposure to an allergen, and manifest with
, hives, rash, flushing, asthmatic episode, or airway compromise, such as stridor.
The first action is to call for an ambulance (B) immediately, since the condition
may progress and become life-threatening. (A,C, and D) do not have the same
priority of (B).
A child who is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement for the child's abdominal
discomfort?
a) assist the child to any position of comfort.
b) give a saline enema to cleanse the bowel
c) lay a heating pad on the abdomen
d) place the bed in trendelenburg - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Abdominal pain is a common childhood complaint, but this child should be
assisted to any position of comfort (A) that relieves the pain. (B and D) are
contraindicated with possible appendicitis and increase the risk of ruptured
appendix. If the appendix should rupture, (C) increases the spread of the infection.
A child is admitted for observation following a closed head injury. Which
assessment is most essential for the practical nues (PN) to monitor for an early sign
of a worsening condition?
a) level of consciousness
b) posturing
c) focal neurologic signs
d) vital signs - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Following a head injury, determining a change in the child's LOC (A) provides the
first indication that a progression of the injury is possible. (C) is a symptom of
advanced neurologic insult. Alterations in consciousness appear earlier than
alterations of (B and D).
MATERNITY EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% CORRECT| well
Explained|
Which nonfood item is the most common cause of respiratory arrest in young
children?
a) latex balloons
b) broken rattles
c) buttons
d) pacifiers - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Nonfood items cause the majority of choking deaths in young children. Latex
balloons (A), whether partially inflated, uninflated, or popped, are the leading
cause of pediatric choking that leads to aspiration of small objects (A,B, and D)
because they experience the environment by placing objects in the mouth, but (A)
is the leading cause of death causing respiratory obstruction and arrest.
The practical nurse (PN) is talking with a group of elementary students about
bicycle safety. Which information should the PN provide?
a) wearing protective gear on a bicycle is a voluntary measure
b) children should wear a bicycle helmet when riding a bicycle
c) bicycle injuries involve a collision with an automobile
d) riding double is allowed if the bicycle has an extra large seat - ANSWER -
ANSWER: B
Rationale:
Bicycle accidents that result in head injuries are a common, accidental cause of
morbidity and mortality, so bicycle safety and some state laws mandate that
,children should wear a protective helmet (B). (A, C, and D) do not provide
accurate information.
An adolescent female who comes to the school clinic is reluctant to confide her
concerns to the practical nurse (PN). The PN tells the teen that confidentiality and
privacy are maintained unless a life-threatening situation arises. Which principal
supports the PN's response?
a) disclosures from the adolescent should be kept confidential
b) minor adolescents should not be encouraged to disclose private concerns
c) the adolescent should be encouraged to seek help outside of the school clinic
d) honest information ensures establishing a trusting relationship - ANSWER -
ANSWER: D
Rationale:
Critical elements in establishing trusting relationships include active listening,
responding to the adolescent's emotions, and ensuring confidentiality and privacy,
but situations that pose a life-threatening situation for the adolescent must be
reported. Minor-aged adolescents have the right to confidential communication
with providers unless the client is being abused or a life-threatening situation is
evident. Honesty (D) is vital in the development of trust between an adolescent and
a health professional. (A,B, and C) do not provide immediate intervention for the
adolescent's concerns about self integrity and safety.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a 6 year old girl who had surgery 12 hours
ago. The child tells the PN that she does not have pain but a few minutes later, tells
her parents that she does. What child development concept is relevant to this
situation?
a) inconsistency in pain reporting suggests that pain is not present
b) truthful reporting of pain should occur by this age
c) a child may have pain yet deny its presence to the nurse
d) children use pain experiences to manipulate their parents - ANSWER -
ANSWER: C
,Rationale:
A child may fear receiving an injection for pain or may believe that pain is a
deserved punishment for some misdeed, so the pain is denied (C) when the nurse
asks the child, who then readily admits having pain to a parent. This behavior
should not be interpreted as (D) but as a valid indication of pain. (A and B) are
incorrect interpretations of this behavior.
The practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a child who is manifesting signs of shock
after a motor vehicle collision. Which finding is most important for the PN to
report to the charge nurse?
a) narrowing pulse pressure
b) irritability
c) apprehension
d) thirst - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
As shock progresses, perfusion in the microcirculation becomes marginal despite
compensatory adjustments, and the signs of decompensated shock become
pronounced, such as tachycardia and narrowing pulse pressure (A) (the difference
between systolic and diastolic blood pressure), which should be reported
immediately. (B,C, and D) are not as significant as (A).
The practical nurse (PN) arrives at the playgrounds and sees a school-aged boy
who has eaten something he is allergic to and is demonstrating a stridor. Which
action should the PN implement first?
a) ask if the child is alone
b) call for an ambulance
c) mov the child to a different environment
d) determine what the child has eaten - ANSWER -ANSWER: B
Rationale:
Food allergy hypersensitivity can cause an anaphylactic reaction that can occur
shortly after ingestion (5-30 minutes) or exposure to an allergen, and manifest with
, hives, rash, flushing, asthmatic episode, or airway compromise, such as stridor.
The first action is to call for an ambulance (B) immediately, since the condition
may progress and become life-threatening. (A,C, and D) do not have the same
priority of (B).
A child who is admitted with acute abdominal pain and possible appendicitis.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement for the child's abdominal
discomfort?
a) assist the child to any position of comfort.
b) give a saline enema to cleanse the bowel
c) lay a heating pad on the abdomen
d) place the bed in trendelenburg - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Abdominal pain is a common childhood complaint, but this child should be
assisted to any position of comfort (A) that relieves the pain. (B and D) are
contraindicated with possible appendicitis and increase the risk of ruptured
appendix. If the appendix should rupture, (C) increases the spread of the infection.
A child is admitted for observation following a closed head injury. Which
assessment is most essential for the practical nues (PN) to monitor for an early sign
of a worsening condition?
a) level of consciousness
b) posturing
c) focal neurologic signs
d) vital signs - ANSWER -ANSWER: A
Rationale:
Following a head injury, determining a change in the child's LOC (A) provides the
first indication that a progression of the injury is possible. (C) is a symptom of
advanced neurologic insult. Alterations in consciousness appear earlier than
alterations of (B and D).
