BADM 311 Exam 1 Questions and
Answers
social loafing - ANSWER-reduction in someone's contribution to a combined group
task (Free-Rider Effect)
6 signs you are behind New Work Norms (Forbes 2016) - ANSWER-1) Not going
green
2) Offering no work from home
3) Using old tech
4) Strict office hours
5) Bureauc procedures
6) Not having system of mutual feedback (360)
Why Social Norms matter - ANSWER--Facilitate group survival & community
-Simplify or make behaviors predictable
-Reinforce group roles
-Enforce central values of the group and build identity
-Enforced to help reduce awkward/embarrassing situations
Norm Development - ANSWER--start through social interaction
-develop over time
-explicit statements by leaders/members (silence is bad)
-Critical events in groups history define groups survival and values
-New groups first set of behaviors establish norms
-Prior tasks & practices encourage norm development
A norm is NOT - ANSWER-the same thing as a formal rule
Injunctive Norm - ANSWER-what we should be doing
Descriptive norm - ANSWER-what people actually do
Social Norm Marketing - ANSWER-make descriptive norm congruent with injunctive
norm
Strategies for reinforcing of changing social norms - ANSWER--Punish "deviant"
behavior: reinforces to others what is the norm
-Reward behavior: reinforces to someone what is the norm
-Describe (highlight): what people are doing that reinforces the norm
-Comparisons
-Leaders role model and discuss expected normative behavior
, Asch Argues - ANSWER-1) Social interaction depends on someones ability to
represent others positions as well as their own; see themselves as members of the
group
2) Independence is critical to effective group functioning
3) Independence and conformity are not 2 sides of the same coin
4) Social influence can involve changing meaning of the stimulus
perception level - ANSWER-yield without awareness
Judgement level - ANSWER-believe to be wrong, they are correct, adjust
accordingly
Action Level - ANSWER-You are correct but comply with group
normative conformity - ANSWER-action to fit in with group
Informational conformity - ANSWER-when a person lacks knowledge and looks to
the group for guidance
conformity factors - ANSWER--group size (3-5) more than 5 is no impact
-unanimous (Asch)
-group status (less is likely to confirm)
-group cohesion (more is likely to confirm)
-public commitment
pluralistic ignorance - ANSWER-error of assuming that no one in a group perceives
things as we do
Key Errors of PI - ANSWER--Misjudge private views of members
-Individuals distort their relation to the average view of people in group
Forces for PI - ANSWER--Advocates
-False norms represent prototypical NOT average values and beliefs of the group
-Conservative lag- private views have changed and perception of group
values/beliefs has NOT
Outcomes of PI - ANSWER-Person:
-alienation
-Illusion of universality
-estrangement from group
-changes in own beliefs
-Align behaviors with false norms
Consequences
-groupthink
-shifting perspective
-Deviation between private and public expression
-Bystander effect
We seek out and depend on... - ANSWER--Informational cues: how we define reality
Answers
social loafing - ANSWER-reduction in someone's contribution to a combined group
task (Free-Rider Effect)
6 signs you are behind New Work Norms (Forbes 2016) - ANSWER-1) Not going
green
2) Offering no work from home
3) Using old tech
4) Strict office hours
5) Bureauc procedures
6) Not having system of mutual feedback (360)
Why Social Norms matter - ANSWER--Facilitate group survival & community
-Simplify or make behaviors predictable
-Reinforce group roles
-Enforce central values of the group and build identity
-Enforced to help reduce awkward/embarrassing situations
Norm Development - ANSWER--start through social interaction
-develop over time
-explicit statements by leaders/members (silence is bad)
-Critical events in groups history define groups survival and values
-New groups first set of behaviors establish norms
-Prior tasks & practices encourage norm development
A norm is NOT - ANSWER-the same thing as a formal rule
Injunctive Norm - ANSWER-what we should be doing
Descriptive norm - ANSWER-what people actually do
Social Norm Marketing - ANSWER-make descriptive norm congruent with injunctive
norm
Strategies for reinforcing of changing social norms - ANSWER--Punish "deviant"
behavior: reinforces to others what is the norm
-Reward behavior: reinforces to someone what is the norm
-Describe (highlight): what people are doing that reinforces the norm
-Comparisons
-Leaders role model and discuss expected normative behavior
, Asch Argues - ANSWER-1) Social interaction depends on someones ability to
represent others positions as well as their own; see themselves as members of the
group
2) Independence is critical to effective group functioning
3) Independence and conformity are not 2 sides of the same coin
4) Social influence can involve changing meaning of the stimulus
perception level - ANSWER-yield without awareness
Judgement level - ANSWER-believe to be wrong, they are correct, adjust
accordingly
Action Level - ANSWER-You are correct but comply with group
normative conformity - ANSWER-action to fit in with group
Informational conformity - ANSWER-when a person lacks knowledge and looks to
the group for guidance
conformity factors - ANSWER--group size (3-5) more than 5 is no impact
-unanimous (Asch)
-group status (less is likely to confirm)
-group cohesion (more is likely to confirm)
-public commitment
pluralistic ignorance - ANSWER-error of assuming that no one in a group perceives
things as we do
Key Errors of PI - ANSWER--Misjudge private views of members
-Individuals distort their relation to the average view of people in group
Forces for PI - ANSWER--Advocates
-False norms represent prototypical NOT average values and beliefs of the group
-Conservative lag- private views have changed and perception of group
values/beliefs has NOT
Outcomes of PI - ANSWER-Person:
-alienation
-Illusion of universality
-estrangement from group
-changes in own beliefs
-Align behaviors with false norms
Consequences
-groupthink
-shifting perspective
-Deviation between private and public expression
-Bystander effect
We seek out and depend on... - ANSWER--Informational cues: how we define reality
