CURRENT MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Lung cancer
screening (LDCT). USPSTF
Stem
A 58-year-old man with a 30-pack-year smoking history, who
quit 10 years ago, asks whether he should begin lung-cancer
screening. He has COPD but is otherwise active and is willing to
,pursue curative intervention if cancer is found. Which criterion
most appropriately determines eligibility for annual low-dose
CT screening?
A. Age ≥55 and ≥30 pack-year history, regardless of quit time.
B. Age 50–80 with ≥20 pack-year history and current smoker or
quit within 15 years.
C. Any former smoker with ≥20 pack-years regardless of time
since quitting.
D. Age ≥45 with any smoking history if any respiratory
symptoms are present.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
USPSTF-based recommendations summarized in CMDT support
annual LDCT for adults aged 50–80 who have a ≥20 pack-year
smoking history and currently smoke or quit within the past 15
years; screening is stopped once a person has not smoked for
15 years or if life expectancy precludes curative therapy. This
patient (58, 30 pack-years, quit 10 years ago) meets criteria.
USPSTF
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Reflects older criteria (55/30) — outdated compared with
current recommendations; CMDT uses updated USPSTF
thresholds. USPSTF
C: Time since quitting matters; screening is not routinely
recommended beyond 15 years since cessation. USPSTF
D: Symptoms prompt diagnostic evaluation rather than
,screening; screening applies to asymptomatic high-risk
individuals.
Teaching point
LDCT screening: age 50–80, ≥20 pack-years, current or quit ≤15
years.
Citation
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Colorectal
cancer screening (average risk). USPSTF
Stem
A 48-year-old woman with no GI symptoms and no family
history of colorectal cancer asks when to begin screening. She
has no comorbidities and asks whether annual fecal
immunochemical testing (FIT) is acceptable. Which statement
best aligns with recommended screening strategy?
A. Begin screening at age 50 and use colonoscopy only.
B. Begin screening at age 45 (or 50 depending on guideline) and
offer multiple options including FIT annually.
C. No screening until age 55 unless symptoms develop.
, D. Begin at 40 because of rising colorectal cancer incidence in
younger adults; colonoscopy every 3 years.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT summarizes USPSTF/major-society recommendations:
average-risk adults should begin colorectal cancer screening at
age 45 (USPSTF) with a menu of acceptable strategies
(colonoscopy every 10 years, annual FIT, multitarget stool DNA,
CT colonography, etc.). Shared decision-making about modality
is appropriate. USPSTF
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Age 50 is the older threshold; 2021 USPSTF moved to starting
at 45. Also colonoscopy is one option—not the only one.
USPSTF
C: Delaying misses an opportunity for early detection.
D: No guideline recommends routine colonoscopy every 3 years
in average-risk adults; age 40 start is not standard for average
risk.
Teaching point
Average-risk colorectal screening starts at 45 with multiple
acceptable modalities.
Citation
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
TREATMENT 2026
65TH EDITION
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Lung cancer
screening (LDCT). USPSTF
Stem
A 58-year-old man with a 30-pack-year smoking history, who
quit 10 years ago, asks whether he should begin lung-cancer
screening. He has COPD but is otherwise active and is willing to
,pursue curative intervention if cancer is found. Which criterion
most appropriately determines eligibility for annual low-dose
CT screening?
A. Age ≥55 and ≥30 pack-year history, regardless of quit time.
B. Age 50–80 with ≥20 pack-year history and current smoker or
quit within 15 years.
C. Any former smoker with ≥20 pack-years regardless of time
since quitting.
D. Age ≥45 with any smoking history if any respiratory
symptoms are present.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
USPSTF-based recommendations summarized in CMDT support
annual LDCT for adults aged 50–80 who have a ≥20 pack-year
smoking history and currently smoke or quit within the past 15
years; screening is stopped once a person has not smoked for
15 years or if life expectancy precludes curative therapy. This
patient (58, 30 pack-years, quit 10 years ago) meets criteria.
USPSTF
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Reflects older criteria (55/30) — outdated compared with
current recommendations; CMDT uses updated USPSTF
thresholds. USPSTF
C: Time since quitting matters; screening is not routinely
recommended beyond 15 years since cessation. USPSTF
D: Symptoms prompt diagnostic evaluation rather than
,screening; screening applies to asymptomatic high-risk
individuals.
Teaching point
LDCT screening: age 50–80, ≥20 pack-years, current or quit ≤15
years.
Citation
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
2
Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Colorectal
cancer screening (average risk). USPSTF
Stem
A 48-year-old woman with no GI symptoms and no family
history of colorectal cancer asks when to begin screening. She
has no comorbidities and asks whether annual fecal
immunochemical testing (FIT) is acceptable. Which statement
best aligns with recommended screening strategy?
A. Begin screening at age 50 and use colonoscopy only.
B. Begin screening at age 45 (or 50 depending on guideline) and
offer multiple options including FIT annually.
C. No screening until age 55 unless symptoms develop.
, D. Begin at 40 because of rising colorectal cancer incidence in
younger adults; colonoscopy every 3 years.
Correct answer: B
Rationale — Correct (B)
CMDT summarizes USPSTF/major-society recommendations:
average-risk adults should begin colorectal cancer screening at
age 45 (USPSTF) with a menu of acceptable strategies
(colonoscopy every 10 years, annual FIT, multitarget stool DNA,
CT colonography, etc.). Shared decision-making about modality
is appropriate. USPSTF
Rationale — Incorrect
A: Age 50 is the older threshold; 2021 USPSTF moved to starting
at 45. Also colonoscopy is one option—not the only one.
USPSTF
C: Delaying misses an opportunity for early detection.
D: No guideline recommends routine colonoscopy every 3 years
in average-risk adults; age 40 start is not standard for average
risk.
Teaching point
Average-risk colorectal screening starts at 45 with multiple
acceptable modalities.
Citation
Papadakis, M. A., McPhee, S. J., & Rabow, M. W. (2026). Current
Medical Diagnosis & Treatment (65th ed.). Ch. 1.
AccessMedicine
