MCB 100 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
The role of microbes in our lives and our world - Answers --microbes are everywhere;
used for biofuels, bioremediation, fermentation
-there are good and bad microbes; can use them to our advantage for our health
Why is scientific literacy important - Answers --can make informed decisions
-can perform evidence based critical thinking
Scientific method is used to conduct ___________? - Answers -scientific inquiry
What is the scientific method - Answers -A logical, systematic approach to the solution
of a scientific problem
-a way to test if the knowledge is factual
Neil degrasse Tyson on scientific literacy - Answers -scientific literacy is a way to not let
people take advantage of you/ not take your money/ opportunity from you
Definition of scientific inquiry - Answers -diverse ways we study the natural world and
propose explanations based on evidence
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - Answers -The first person to see bacteria through a
microscope
-called the bacteria "beasties"
Girolamo Fracastoro - Answers -first to describe illness to be caused by "transferrable
tiny particles" or "tinder" that caused infections
Agostino Bassi - Answers --showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus
-human disease was caused by living microorganisms
Friedrich Henle - Answers -germ theory of disease
-concept of miasma = bad air
Ignaz Semmelweis - Answers -lack of handwashing = cause of child birth fever
-made doctors wash hands with chlorinated lime water
John Snow - Answers -father of epidemiology
-cholera outbreak in London, able to trace the disease back to a specific well pump
Louis Pasteur - Answers --fermentation did not happen because of spontaneous
generation, but because microbes caused beer, wine, and milk to spoil
-invented pasteurization
, Germ Theory of Disease - Answers -infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms
What is the smallest microbe? - Answers -virus
Characteristics of prokaryotes - Answers --no nucleus
-smaller than eukaryotes
-lack membrane-bound organelles
-bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes**
Characteristics of eukaryotes - Answers --more complex than prokaryotes
-contains nucleus
-larger than prokaryotes
-has membrane-bound organelles
-algae, fungi, plants, animals are all eukaryotes***
Flagella - Answers --moves by way of "runs" or "tumbles"
-flagella get signals than adjust their movement accordingly
-runs to what it is attracted to
-tumbles at the negative
What is the significance of bacterial cell walls - Answers -help us classify if the bacteria
is gram-positive or gram-negative
Role of bacterial cell walls - Answers --provides structure/shape/ protection
-attach to other cells
-resist some drugs
-helps classify bacteria
Characteristics of gram- positive - Answers --thick peptidogylcan layer
-one membrane
-anchored by techoic acid
Characteristics of gram-negative - Answers --thin peptidoglycan layer
-not as anchored
-more "stuff" on outside of cell
-large immune response
-two membrane
Role of DNA - Answers -storing, copying, and transmitting information
Role of proteins - Answers -helps cells move, regulate, and are in charge of structures
of the cell
-does most of the work
-causes chemical reactions to happen, helps with metabolism
What are enzymes? - Answers -Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
The role of microbes in our lives and our world - Answers --microbes are everywhere;
used for biofuels, bioremediation, fermentation
-there are good and bad microbes; can use them to our advantage for our health
Why is scientific literacy important - Answers --can make informed decisions
-can perform evidence based critical thinking
Scientific method is used to conduct ___________? - Answers -scientific inquiry
What is the scientific method - Answers -A logical, systematic approach to the solution
of a scientific problem
-a way to test if the knowledge is factual
Neil degrasse Tyson on scientific literacy - Answers -scientific literacy is a way to not let
people take advantage of you/ not take your money/ opportunity from you
Definition of scientific inquiry - Answers -diverse ways we study the natural world and
propose explanations based on evidence
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - Answers -The first person to see bacteria through a
microscope
-called the bacteria "beasties"
Girolamo Fracastoro - Answers -first to describe illness to be caused by "transferrable
tiny particles" or "tinder" that caused infections
Agostino Bassi - Answers --showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus
-human disease was caused by living microorganisms
Friedrich Henle - Answers -germ theory of disease
-concept of miasma = bad air
Ignaz Semmelweis - Answers -lack of handwashing = cause of child birth fever
-made doctors wash hands with chlorinated lime water
John Snow - Answers -father of epidemiology
-cholera outbreak in London, able to trace the disease back to a specific well pump
Louis Pasteur - Answers --fermentation did not happen because of spontaneous
generation, but because microbes caused beer, wine, and milk to spoil
-invented pasteurization
, Germ Theory of Disease - Answers -infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms
What is the smallest microbe? - Answers -virus
Characteristics of prokaryotes - Answers --no nucleus
-smaller than eukaryotes
-lack membrane-bound organelles
-bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes**
Characteristics of eukaryotes - Answers --more complex than prokaryotes
-contains nucleus
-larger than prokaryotes
-has membrane-bound organelles
-algae, fungi, plants, animals are all eukaryotes***
Flagella - Answers --moves by way of "runs" or "tumbles"
-flagella get signals than adjust their movement accordingly
-runs to what it is attracted to
-tumbles at the negative
What is the significance of bacterial cell walls - Answers -help us classify if the bacteria
is gram-positive or gram-negative
Role of bacterial cell walls - Answers --provides structure/shape/ protection
-attach to other cells
-resist some drugs
-helps classify bacteria
Characteristics of gram- positive - Answers --thick peptidogylcan layer
-one membrane
-anchored by techoic acid
Characteristics of gram-negative - Answers --thin peptidoglycan layer
-not as anchored
-more "stuff" on outside of cell
-large immune response
-two membrane
Role of DNA - Answers -storing, copying, and transmitting information
Role of proteins - Answers -helps cells move, regulate, and are in charge of structures
of the cell
-does most of the work
-causes chemical reactions to happen, helps with metabolism
What are enzymes? - Answers -Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
