PSY 200 Exam 4 Newest 2025/2026
Questions and Correct Answers Already
Graded A+
Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER-a long-term feeling of closeness between
people, here we are referring to the fundamental emotional bond between
caregiver and infant
Attachment: 4 phases - CORRECT ANSWER-•1) initially when it is first born,
babies respond to anyone
•2) then babies respond to parents in special ways because they spend so much
time around them
•3) attachment to parents is clear, with babies staying close to parents and
seeking them out, often experiencing separation anxiety and stranger anxiety....
There is a certain type of behavior
,•Ideally, children progress to:
•4) secure attachment that no longer requires the constant presence of the
parents
Innate Infant Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER-infants typically adjust their
posture to mold themselves to the contours of their parent's body. They do this
from the time they are born.
1-•*Cuddling* -- infants typically adjust their posture to mold themselves to the
contours of their parent's body. They do this from the time they are born.
2-•*Looking* -- serves as a signal to the parent. Even a very young infant seeks
eye-to-eye contact with the parents... this eye-to-eye contact is the earlier
socializations when children are trying to gain some type of relationship. There
have been studies where mothers are supposed to NOT make eye-contact to the
baby. It is very difficult.
3-•*Smiling* - for almost any human, but especially for parents the smile of an
infant is an exceedingly effective reinforcer ... parents will respond positively to a
smile.. So there will be increased likelihoods of behavior when smiling occurs
,4-•*Crying* - One of the first vocal behaviors that can happen almost
immediately following birth for babies. For almost any adult the sound of an
infant's crying is intensely irritating or distressing ... this is a NEGATIVE
REINFORCER... the parent wants to figure out how to make it stop
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" - CORRECT ANSWER-basics: ... about 1979
Brought in kids 12-18 months old with their mothers. These children went into a
strange of novel situation. They went into a room filled with toys. Child was
allowed to explore
Mother would leave and child was left alone with the stranger. With the mother is
there was analyzed. When the mother leaves was analyzed. When the mother
returns was analyzed
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" findings as levels of attachment - CORRECT
ANSWER-•*Securely Attached*: (app. 65% of children) (THIS IS HEALTHY
ATTACHMENT)
•explores when mother is present
•is distressed when mother leaves
•greets her with enthusiasm when she returns
•*Insecurely Attached*: Anxious (app. 10-15% of children)
, •does not explore even when mother is present; stays right by her side (clingy)
•very upset when mother leaves
•clingy when she returns
•*Insecurely Attached*: Avoidant (app. 20-25% of children)
•distant and aloof throughout
•little distress when mother leaves
•ignores her when she returns
•*Disorganized (Relatively Rare)*: DISCOVERED AFTER THE STUDY.. infant shows
more fear than affection; least securely attached of all.. Sounds like there is abuse
Why is attachment important? - CORRECT ANSWER-will these early months be
predictive of later in life?
Attachment behavior early in life and later in life (about 3.5 years old), there is
correlation of about 0.5... SO early attachment IS more predictive of later
behavior
Note: attachment is social/nurture
Questions and Correct Answers Already
Graded A+
Attachment - CORRECT ANSWER-a long-term feeling of closeness between
people, here we are referring to the fundamental emotional bond between
caregiver and infant
Attachment: 4 phases - CORRECT ANSWER-•1) initially when it is first born,
babies respond to anyone
•2) then babies respond to parents in special ways because they spend so much
time around them
•3) attachment to parents is clear, with babies staying close to parents and
seeking them out, often experiencing separation anxiety and stranger anxiety....
There is a certain type of behavior
,•Ideally, children progress to:
•4) secure attachment that no longer requires the constant presence of the
parents
Innate Infant Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER-infants typically adjust their
posture to mold themselves to the contours of their parent's body. They do this
from the time they are born.
1-•*Cuddling* -- infants typically adjust their posture to mold themselves to the
contours of their parent's body. They do this from the time they are born.
2-•*Looking* -- serves as a signal to the parent. Even a very young infant seeks
eye-to-eye contact with the parents... this eye-to-eye contact is the earlier
socializations when children are trying to gain some type of relationship. There
have been studies where mothers are supposed to NOT make eye-contact to the
baby. It is very difficult.
3-•*Smiling* - for almost any human, but especially for parents the smile of an
infant is an exceedingly effective reinforcer ... parents will respond positively to a
smile.. So there will be increased likelihoods of behavior when smiling occurs
,4-•*Crying* - One of the first vocal behaviors that can happen almost
immediately following birth for babies. For almost any adult the sound of an
infant's crying is intensely irritating or distressing ... this is a NEGATIVE
REINFORCER... the parent wants to figure out how to make it stop
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" - CORRECT ANSWER-basics: ... about 1979
Brought in kids 12-18 months old with their mothers. These children went into a
strange of novel situation. They went into a room filled with toys. Child was
allowed to explore
Mother would leave and child was left alone with the stranger. With the mother is
there was analyzed. When the mother leaves was analyzed. When the mother
returns was analyzed
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation" findings as levels of attachment - CORRECT
ANSWER-•*Securely Attached*: (app. 65% of children) (THIS IS HEALTHY
ATTACHMENT)
•explores when mother is present
•is distressed when mother leaves
•greets her with enthusiasm when she returns
•*Insecurely Attached*: Anxious (app. 10-15% of children)
, •does not explore even when mother is present; stays right by her side (clingy)
•very upset when mother leaves
•clingy when she returns
•*Insecurely Attached*: Avoidant (app. 20-25% of children)
•distant and aloof throughout
•little distress when mother leaves
•ignores her when she returns
•*Disorganized (Relatively Rare)*: DISCOVERED AFTER THE STUDY.. infant shows
more fear than affection; least securely attached of all.. Sounds like there is abuse
Why is attachment important? - CORRECT ANSWER-will these early months be
predictive of later in life?
Attachment behavior early in life and later in life (about 3.5 years old), there is
correlation of about 0.5... SO early attachment IS more predictive of later
behavior
Note: attachment is social/nurture
