January 2026 | Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology Comprehensive Study Guide | Complete Course Notes, Practice Questions, Brain Function, Cognitive Processes, Neuroanatomy, Neurotransmitters, Neurological Disorders, Behavioral Analysis, Clinical Case St

January 2026 | Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology
Comprehensive Study Guide | Complete Course Notes, Practice
Questions, Brain Function, Cognitive Processes, Neuroanatomy,
Neurotransmitters, Neurological Disorders, Behavioral Analysis, Clinical
Case Studies & Exam Prep for Psychology and Neuroscience Students
Question 1:
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for regulating emotions?
• A) Cerebellum
• B) Amygdala
• C) Occipital Lobe
• D) Frontal Cortex
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Amygdala
Rationale: The amygdala plays a critical role in processing emotions, particularly fear
and pleasure responses.


Question 2:
What is the primary function of the prefrontal cortex?
• A) Vision
• B) Executive functions
• C) Motor control
• D) Auditory processing
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Executive functions
Rationale: The prefrontal cortex is involved in complex cognitive behavior, decision-
making, and moderating social behavior, all of which fall under executive functions.


Question 3:
Which neurotransmitter is mainly associated with the experience of pleasure?
• A) GABA
• B) Norepinephrine
• C) Dopamine
• D) Serotonin
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Dopamine

,Rationale: Dopamine is often referred to as the "feel-good" neurotransmitter and plays
a key role in the brain's reward system.


Question 4:
What is a common symptom of damage to the Broca's area?
• A) Difficulty with vision
• B) Difficulty in speech production
• C) Impaired memory
• D) Loss of balance
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Difficulty in speech production
Rationale: Damage to Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, leads to Broca's
aphasia, characterized by difficulty in speech production but relatively preserved
comprehension.


Question 5:
Which method is commonly used to visualize brain activity?
• A) MRI
• B) CT Scan
• C) fMRI
• D) X-Ray
CORRECT ANSWER: C) fMRI
Rationale: Functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes
associated with blood flow, making it a valuable tool for understanding brain function.
Question 6:
Which part of the brain is crucial for forming long-term memories?
• A) Hippocampus
• B) Cerebellum
• C) Hippocampus
• D) Amygdala
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Hippocampus

,Rationale: The hippocampus is essential for the formation of new long-term memories
and is involved in spatial memory.


Question 7:
What does the term "plasticity" refer to in neuropsychology?
• A) The brain's ability to change
• B) The rigidity of neural pathways
• C) The brain's ability to adapt and reorganize
• D) The fixed structure of the brain
CORRECT ANSWER: C) The brain's ability to adapt and reorganize
Rationale: Neuroplasticity describes how neural networks can change through growth
and reorganization in response to learning or injury.


Question 8:
Which hemisphere is typically more involved in verbal tasks?
• A) Right hemisphere
• B) Left hemisphere
• C) Both hemispheres equally
• D) None of the above
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Left hemisphere
Rationale: The left hemisphere is usually dominant for language processing, including
speech and grammar.


Question 9:
What is the primary function of the corpus callosum?
• A) To process visual information
• B) To connect the two hemispheres of the brain
• C) To regulate emotions
• D) To control motor functions
CORRECT ANSWER: B) To connect the two hemispheres of the brain

, Rationale: The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that facilitates
communication between the left and right cerebral hemispheres.


Question 10:
The term "agnosia" refers to:
• A) Memory loss
• B) Inability to recognize objects despite having the ability to see them
• C) Loss of motor control
• D) Difficulty in speech
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Inability to recognize objects despite having the ability to
see them
Rationale: Agnosia is typically caused by damage to specific areas of the brain that are
responsible for processing sensory information.


Question 11:
What type of brain scan uses radioactive tracers to measure blood flow?
• A) CT Scan
• B) EEG
• C) PET Scan
• D) fMRI
CORRECT ANSWER: C) PET Scan
Rationale: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans use radioactive tracers to
visualize blood flow and metabolism in the brain.


Question 12:
Which neuropsychological disorder is characterized by a marked decline in
cognitive function that interferes with daily life?
• A) Alzheimer's Disease
• B) ADHD
• C) Parkinson's Disease
• D) Asperger's Syndrome