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Theory notes for sociology- Debate summary notes

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These notes summarise the main debates within AQA Sociology’s Theory and Methods unit, focusing on how sociologists disagree about the nature of society, research methods, and social change. They organise the arguments of major theories, the criticisms they face, and how these debates shape sociological understanding. They help me compare perspectives and build evaluative points for high-level essays. I have sorted these as mini essay plans to see what information would go in each paragraph!

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Uploaded on
December 1, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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Sociology social
policy
Intro Brewer argues the
sociologyshould be to inform soc
main aim of
policy to help overcome social issues Worsley e Marxists argue the main
aim should not inform social policy as the state cannot be trusted Also
there are factors which affect whether research succeeds in makingpolicy
e.g funding clash ofideologies
Should inform policy should not inform polic

Brewer argues sociology should Worsley sociologys main aim should
inform social policy not

Realists believes sociologyhelps Marxists policy serves capitalism e
to inform practical actions to RC as policieslegitimises exploitation
prevent crime Zero tolerance Educationpolices pretend to offer
policing was developed through equalopportunities for all but don't
research into New York homocide Policy keeps a docile workforce as it
rates seems like the state cares with the
NHS but just want us to be healthy efi
functionalists as to makemoney ISA Althusser Policyis
encourages value social
cons policy a form of social control to prevent the
help society to function revolution
harmoniously Durkheim suggests
Radical feminists policy is ideologic
155 1 1 YE.ciYsfansjhe in terms of gender as policiesbenefit
helps root causes of
to find thepatriarchy at expenses of women
social issues which can be cg maternity leave encouragingwome
prevented social engineering time
to take off reinforces gendered
roles


New right somewhat agree Evaluation
Marxists argue policycauses no
w̅ ateistfneb.seesTEEns conflict than balance as ineavalities
family reliance as state win support have not reduced
them Murray favours marketisation
policy for education State should
only have minor involvement as
policies like family welfare ehealthcare
undermines responsibility causes more Do not recognise policies which
probums Broken windows theory have benefittedsociety earal payaa
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