APPROACHES
, ORIGINS
19596 – 1650
Descartes – French philosopher
o Mind and body are separate – cartesian dualism
o Mind can be studied in its own right
17th – 19th Century
o Mind is studied as a broader discipline of philosophy
o Experimental psychology is similar
1879
Wundt – German professor – Introspection
o Founded the first laboratory in Leipzig
o Founding father of psychology
o Looking at thought process and mindfulness
1890s
Freud – Austrian neurologist – Psychodynamic
o The Oedipus and Electra Complex (Jung)
o The Psychosexual Stages of development and the role of defence mechanisms
o The role of the unconscious and the Tripartite structure of personality
1913
Watson – American psychologist (Pavlov and Skinner) – Behaviourist
o Learning is an active/passive process – operant/classical conditioning
o Learning through association – reinforcement and punishment
1950s
Maslow – (Rogers) – Humanistic
o Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and self-actualisation
o The self-concept, the ideal self, and the subsequent congruence
1960s (21st Century)
Neisser – German American psychologist – Cognitive
o Compares mind to a computer – schema, theoretical models, inferences
o Neuroscience – establishing brain structure and function of mental processes
1971
Bandura – Canadian psychologist – Social Learning Theory
o Learning through observation and imitation
o Vicarious reinforcement and role modelling
1980s
o All behaviour has a physiological cause – Biological
o Neurochemistry – genotypes, phenotypes, excitatory and inhibitory hormones
o Concordance rate, gene sharing, and evolution
, ORIGINS
19596 – 1650
Descartes – French philosopher
o Mind and body are separate – cartesian dualism
o Mind can be studied in its own right
17th – 19th Century
o Mind is studied as a broader discipline of philosophy
o Experimental psychology is similar
1879
Wundt – German professor – Introspection
o Founded the first laboratory in Leipzig
o Founding father of psychology
o Looking at thought process and mindfulness
1890s
Freud – Austrian neurologist – Psychodynamic
o The Oedipus and Electra Complex (Jung)
o The Psychosexual Stages of development and the role of defence mechanisms
o The role of the unconscious and the Tripartite structure of personality
1913
Watson – American psychologist (Pavlov and Skinner) – Behaviourist
o Learning is an active/passive process – operant/classical conditioning
o Learning through association – reinforcement and punishment
1950s
Maslow – (Rogers) – Humanistic
o Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and self-actualisation
o The self-concept, the ideal self, and the subsequent congruence
1960s (21st Century)
Neisser – German American psychologist – Cognitive
o Compares mind to a computer – schema, theoretical models, inferences
o Neuroscience – establishing brain structure and function of mental processes
1971
Bandura – Canadian psychologist – Social Learning Theory
o Learning through observation and imitation
o Vicarious reinforcement and role modelling
1980s
o All behaviour has a physiological cause – Biological
o Neurochemistry – genotypes, phenotypes, excitatory and inhibitory hormones
o Concordance rate, gene sharing, and evolution
