Changing Places
1. Geo CP concept of place & approaches to place & insider vs outsiders
What 2 things make place? - Location & meaning
What is perception of place? - The way in which place is viewed or
regarded by people. Can be through media or personal experience
What're the 3 aspects of place? - Location, locale & sense of place
Locale - The place where something happens or is set or has a particular
set of events associated within it. Takes into account the effect people
have on their settings
Sense of place - The subjective & personal & emotional attachment to
place & its meaning differs from person to person
Descriptive approach - The idea that the world is a set of places & each
place can be studied & is distinct e.g. each country is its own place and is
homogenous throughout
Constructionist approach - Sees places as a product of a particular set of
social processes occurring at a particular time
Phenomenological approach - This is interested in how a person
experiences place, recognising a highly personal relationship between
place & person
Place attachment - The depth of feeling a person has for a place. It's
influenced by the depth of knowledge & understanding of that's place &
increases with age
What does NIMBY stand for? - Not In My Back Yard
Insider - They have a stronger relationship with the place & have a sense
of place through their everyday experiences, usually positive perception
of the place
Outsider - The sense of place is more vague & abstract, their view is more
about discovery of the place & their perception is usually negative
Perception of place - The perceived difference between 'us' & 'them',
perceived distance between near & far, this is dependent on positional
Sense of dislocation - People who are made to feel out of place or like an
outsider
Global shift - movement of economic activity from HICs to LICs/NEEs due
to cheaper costs
2. Geo CP Representations of place
How is place represented formally? - A more objective representation
based on facts rather than opinion. These include census data &
geospatial data, providing a detailed snapshot of people & place
How is place represented informally? - Media usually use this, which don't
necessarily reflect what actually exists in the world & are more creative
representations of the real world
Objective - not influenced by personal feelings or opinions
Can representations be objective? (Accurate & unbiased) - No
Why can't representations be objective? - They're always influenced by
personal feelings & opinions
Experienced places - Places that a person has spent time in
Media places - Places that a person has only read about or seen on tv/film
, 'Near' places - Places that are either geographically near or that you have
an emotional connection with
'Far' places - Places either geographically far or that you have little/no
connection with
Time-space convergence - The impression that distances have decreased
due to developments in transport & communication
Place marketing - How places are 'sold' which determines who'll visit,
move or invest money
Rebranding - A process to give a place a new identity. Renaming and
reimagining to boost investment & sociology-economic prospects
Reimaging - Changing an existing negative perception of a place by
regeneration
Subjective - Influenced by personal feelings & opinions
Qualitative data - Non-numerical information & used in a relatively
unstructured & open ended way
Quantitative data - Data that can be quantified & verified
How do maps distort reality? - Sizes & resources can be exaggerated
Hidden bias - Companies paying fo their business to be promoted
Counter mapping - People produce their own local knowledge &
understanding of places
'Up & coming' - The place is being regenerated and has the potential to be
successful
What is an example of a media representation of Hebden Bridge? - Happy
Valley
3. Geo CP factors affecting the character of places & management and
manipulation of place meaning (Hebden Bridge case study)
Endogenous factors - Refers to the characteristics of the place itself or
factors which have originated internally e.g. location, physical geography
& land use
Exogenous factors - Refers to the relationship of one place with other
places & the external factors which affect this e.g. cultural characteristics,
socio-economics & demographics
Agents of change - People who impact a place whether through living,
working or trying to improve that place e.g. residents, community groups,
government & media
Infrastructure - Relates to the services considered essential to enable or
enhance living conditions
Give examples of infrastructure - Transport e.g. roads, railways etc,
communications infrastructure e.g. broadband & phone networks, services
like water supply, sewers, electrical, education system, healthcare etc
Aspect - Physical- the compass direction a slope faces, human- the
direction which settlements are facing- most desirable aspect for housing
is often found on the sunny side of a seep valley (south facing)
Describe the settlement patterns - Dispersed- far apart from each other,
linear- along the roads, nucleated- built along & around roads with smaller
roads
1. Geo CP concept of place & approaches to place & insider vs outsiders
What 2 things make place? - Location & meaning
What is perception of place? - The way in which place is viewed or
regarded by people. Can be through media or personal experience
What're the 3 aspects of place? - Location, locale & sense of place
Locale - The place where something happens or is set or has a particular
set of events associated within it. Takes into account the effect people
have on their settings
Sense of place - The subjective & personal & emotional attachment to
place & its meaning differs from person to person
Descriptive approach - The idea that the world is a set of places & each
place can be studied & is distinct e.g. each country is its own place and is
homogenous throughout
Constructionist approach - Sees places as a product of a particular set of
social processes occurring at a particular time
Phenomenological approach - This is interested in how a person
experiences place, recognising a highly personal relationship between
place & person
Place attachment - The depth of feeling a person has for a place. It's
influenced by the depth of knowledge & understanding of that's place &
increases with age
What does NIMBY stand for? - Not In My Back Yard
Insider - They have a stronger relationship with the place & have a sense
of place through their everyday experiences, usually positive perception
of the place
Outsider - The sense of place is more vague & abstract, their view is more
about discovery of the place & their perception is usually negative
Perception of place - The perceived difference between 'us' & 'them',
perceived distance between near & far, this is dependent on positional
Sense of dislocation - People who are made to feel out of place or like an
outsider
Global shift - movement of economic activity from HICs to LICs/NEEs due
to cheaper costs
2. Geo CP Representations of place
How is place represented formally? - A more objective representation
based on facts rather than opinion. These include census data &
geospatial data, providing a detailed snapshot of people & place
How is place represented informally? - Media usually use this, which don't
necessarily reflect what actually exists in the world & are more creative
representations of the real world
Objective - not influenced by personal feelings or opinions
Can representations be objective? (Accurate & unbiased) - No
Why can't representations be objective? - They're always influenced by
personal feelings & opinions
Experienced places - Places that a person has spent time in
Media places - Places that a person has only read about or seen on tv/film
, 'Near' places - Places that are either geographically near or that you have
an emotional connection with
'Far' places - Places either geographically far or that you have little/no
connection with
Time-space convergence - The impression that distances have decreased
due to developments in transport & communication
Place marketing - How places are 'sold' which determines who'll visit,
move or invest money
Rebranding - A process to give a place a new identity. Renaming and
reimagining to boost investment & sociology-economic prospects
Reimaging - Changing an existing negative perception of a place by
regeneration
Subjective - Influenced by personal feelings & opinions
Qualitative data - Non-numerical information & used in a relatively
unstructured & open ended way
Quantitative data - Data that can be quantified & verified
How do maps distort reality? - Sizes & resources can be exaggerated
Hidden bias - Companies paying fo their business to be promoted
Counter mapping - People produce their own local knowledge &
understanding of places
'Up & coming' - The place is being regenerated and has the potential to be
successful
What is an example of a media representation of Hebden Bridge? - Happy
Valley
3. Geo CP factors affecting the character of places & management and
manipulation of place meaning (Hebden Bridge case study)
Endogenous factors - Refers to the characteristics of the place itself or
factors which have originated internally e.g. location, physical geography
& land use
Exogenous factors - Refers to the relationship of one place with other
places & the external factors which affect this e.g. cultural characteristics,
socio-economics & demographics
Agents of change - People who impact a place whether through living,
working or trying to improve that place e.g. residents, community groups,
government & media
Infrastructure - Relates to the services considered essential to enable or
enhance living conditions
Give examples of infrastructure - Transport e.g. roads, railways etc,
communications infrastructure e.g. broadband & phone networks, services
like water supply, sewers, electrical, education system, healthcare etc
Aspect - Physical- the compass direction a slope faces, human- the
direction which settlements are facing- most desirable aspect for housing
is often found on the sunny side of a seep valley (south facing)
Describe the settlement patterns - Dispersed- far apart from each other,
linear- along the roads, nucleated- built along & around roads with smaller
roads
