Abnormal Psychology An Integrative Approach 8th Edition by David H. Barlow - Test Bank

1. The systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in a person with a possible mental disorder is known as clinical . a. assessment b. interpretation c. validation d. standardization ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 2. The process of determining whether an individual's symptoms meet the criteria for a specific psychological disorder is called _____________. a. prognosis b. diagnosis c. classification d. analysis ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 3. The process of clinical assessment in psychopathology has been equated to using a to determine the source of the problem. a. funnel b. hose c. bucket d. plow ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 4. In order to be useful, assessment techniques should be based on . a. beliefs b. attitudes c. evidence d. assumptions ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 5. In the first interview with Frank, a patient described in the textbook, he stated that he had been having intrusive thoughts that he tried to prevent by performing certain movements. Based on this information, you might predict that Frank would be diagnosed with . a. major depressive disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. a personality disorder d. schizophrenia ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 6. A measurement which is consistent is considered to be . a. valid b. reliable c. standardized d. accurate ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 7. If the short version of a test yields the same results as a longer version, then you could conclude that the brief version had validity. a. concurrent b. divergent c. predictive d. excessive ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 8. Clifton had been experiencing a number of psychological issues, so he decided to go to a psychiatrist to see what was wrong. Dr. A told him he had major depressive disorder. He decided to seek a second opinion. Dr. B diagnosed him with generalized anxiety disorder. Wanting yet another opinion, he went to Dr. C who told him he was obsessive-compulsive. This demonstrates poor . a. test-retest reliability b. concurrent validity c. descriptive validity d. inter-rater reliability ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 9. The process of clinical assessment results in narrowing the focus to a. concentrate on problem areas that seem most relevant. b. consider a broad range of problems. c. cover all possible problems. d. concentrate on all problem areas equally. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 10. In order to develop useful standards for a test, it is important to use a normative group that consists of a a. small group of people who are very similar to each other. b. large group of people who all share a key characteristic. c. large group of very diverse people. d. small group that differs from the population at large. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 11. Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic concepts that help determine the value of a psychological assessment procedure? a. Reliability b. Subjectivity c. Validity d. Standardization ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 12. Treminitia, who had recurrent headaches, fatigue, and loss of appetite, received different diagnoses from several psychologists. In terms of assessment, this indicates a problem with . a. reliability b. subjectivity c. validity d. standardization ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 13.Anna sees a doctor for persistent nausea. Her primary care physician tells her that she is probably dehydrated and suggests drinking more water. Her neurologist tells her that there could be swelling in her brain and that she should get a CAT scan. Anna’s allergist suggests that her sinus infection is to blame. Anna is anxious and confused as to the cause of her headaches. This is due to what aspect of her doctors’ diagnoses? a. Reliability b. Validity c. Standardization d. Inaccuracy ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 14. In terms of psychological assessment, which of the following describes the concept of validity? a. Two or more "raters" get the same answers. b. An assessment technique is consistent across different measures. c. Scores are used as a norm for comparison purposes. d. An assessment technique measures what it is designed to measure. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 15. Comparing assessment scores to those of individuals who are demographically similar to you reflects what concept of clinical assessments? a. Reliability b. Validity c. Standardization d. All of the above are correct ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 16. Mr. J., a 40-year-old recent immigrant to the United States, comes from a working-class background and is just learning to speak English. He applies for a job and is given a test. His score is compared to others who have taken the test, mostly young college graduates whose native language is English. Mr. J. thinks this is unfair. In fact, this is an issue of __________. a. reliability b. classification c. validity d. standardization ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 17. A clinical interview should be based on information from the client’s . a. past behaviors, attitudes, and emotions b. interpersonal and social history c. present behaviors, attitudes, and emotions d. all of the above ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 18. In trying to understand and help an individual with a psychological problem, the psychologist will obtain detailed information about the person's life as part of a . a. physical exam b. clinical interview c. mental status exam d. brain scan ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 19. As part of a psychological assessment, a mental status exam is used to find out how a person thinks, feels, and behaves; its primary purpose, however, is to determine a. if a psychological disorder might be present. b. what type of treatment should be used. c. which medication would be most effective. d. whether the individual also has a medical condition. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 20. Observing appearance and behavior during a mental status exam a. is simply done to give the appearance that the clinician is paying attention. b. rarely yields useful information. c. can yield clues regarding the presence of certain disorders. d. may just confuse the diagnostic process. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 21. In a mental status exam, a psychologist evaluates an individual's thought processes by a. asking the person to read aloud. b. listening to what the person says. c. reading what the person has written. d. evaluating the person's dreams. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 22. When Abernathy went to a psychologist for the first time, the clinician asked him what the date was, what time it was, what year was it, and where they were. Which category of a mental status exam do these questions cover? a. Thought processes b. Appearance and behavior c. Sensorium d. Intellectual functioning ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 23. Determining mood and affect is an important part of the mental status exam. Although both of these terms refer to feeling states of the individual, it would be correct to say that affect is more than mood. a. immediate b. severe c. problematic d. stable ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 24. A mental status exam covers all of the following categories EXCEPT . a. intellectual functioning b. appearance c. behavior d. physical symptoms ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 25. In regard to a mental status exam, which of the following questions is NOT related to the concept of sensorium? a. What is today's date? b. Where are you? c. Who are you? d. How old are you? ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 26. In a mental status exam, it is important to determine if the individual's sensorium is clear and if he/she is "oriented times three." This refers to a. person, place, and time. b. day, month, and year of birth. c. ability to follow directions. d. spatial orientation. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 27. The initial assessment of the patient in your textbook named Frank, who was anxious about his job and his marriage, revealed that he a. had intrusive thoughts. b. was disoriented. c. showed inappropriate affect. d. had a low intelligence level. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 28. All of the following describe how a psychologist conducts a clinical interview EXCEPT a. attempts to facilitate communication. b. uses non-threatening ways of seeking information. c. keeps patient information confidential in all circumstances. d. applies appropriate listening skills. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 29. Even though there is no evidence that this is true, Roger thinks that someone is following him. Roger is experiencing: a. delusions of persecution. b. derailment. c. psychomotor retardation. d. delusions of grandeur. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 30. Javon, who is normally energetic and lively, is walking and talking slowly. The therapist thinks that Javon may be depressed because ______can indicate severe depression. a. psychomotor retardation b. derailment c. delusions of persecution d. delusions of grandeur ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 31. Maria-Christina tells stories which are disconnected with each other and with reality. A disorganized speech pattern is referred to as: a. psychomotor retardation. b. derailment. c. delusions of persecution. d. delusions of grandeur. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 32. In a clinical interview, the law regarding "privileged communication" does NOT apply if the patient a. threatens self-harm or harm to another person. b. relates a history of sexual abuse. c. has been mentally ill for more than five years. d. is hospitalized in a psychiatric facility. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 33. The Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-5 (ADIS-5) is an example of a a. personality inventory. b. semistructured clinical interview. c. projective test. d. behavioral intervention. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 34. Behavioral assessments are used to formally assess an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior in ____________. a. general b. context c. the abstract d. theory ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 35. Four-year-old Roberto is very aggressive toward his peers, which results in poor peer relationships. A psychologist has been asked to assess Roberto’s aggressiveness and determine if he needs intervention. The psychologist would probably do what type of assessment? a. General b. Projective c. Cognitive d. Behavioral ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 36. As part of a behavioral assessment, psychologists sometimes use do direct observation in a naturalistic setting. a. imaginary b. empirical c. analogue d. virtual ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual settings when it is not possible to 37. Which of the following people would make a good candidate for a behavioral assessment? a. A very verbal adult b. A young child c. A person with a cognitive deficit d. Both b and c ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 38. The ABCs of observation refer to the sequence. a. affect-behavior-cognition b. antecedent-behavior-cognition c. antecedent-behavior-consequence d. affect-behavior-consequence ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 39. An operational definition refers to identifying specific behaviors that are . a. abnormal b. harmful c. long-standing d. measurable ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 40. An observation that involves identifying specific behaviors that are observable and measurable is called a(n) _______________. a. informal observation b. formal observation c. unstructured observation d. self-observation ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 41. A clinician who wished to assess the effects of treatment over a period of time would be most likely to do so by repeatedly administering a(n) . a. neuropsychological test battery b. projective test c. intelligence test d. behavior rating scale ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 42. Observing one’s own behavior to find patterns is called: a. antecedent behavior searching. b. behavioral introspection. c. psychoanalysis. d. self-monitoring. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 43. The reactivity phenomenon of self-monitoring procedures has been shown to a. increase desired behaviors. b. decrease undesired behaviors. c. both increase desired behaviors and decrease undesired behaviors. d. neither increase desired behaviors nor decrease undesired behaviors. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 44. Which of the following is an example of the reactivity phenomenon? a. A man joins a weight-loss center, but quits after he feels he is not getting the desired results. b. After joining a fitness club, a woman stops exercising in her home and instead walks 2 miles a day by herself. c. A man changes his brand of cigarettes after his father dies of lung cancer. d. On parents' visiting day in a classroom, the children who often misbehave in class are unusually compliant and well-behaved. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 45. Most of the “psychological tests” in popular magazines are . a. reliable b. valid c. for entertainment only d. informative and educational ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 46. Interpreting ambiguous figures on cards is usually associated with which test: . a. MMPI b. MENSA Intelligence test c. Rorschach inkblot test d. Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 47. Hannibal is presented with a series of cards that are blots of ink. He is asked to state what he sees on these cards. Hannibal is probably taking a(n) a. personality inventory. b. response inventory. c. projective test. d. intelligence test. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 48. The projective type of psychological test is based on theory. a. behavioral b. cognitive c. humanistic d. psychoanalytic ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 49. When an individual describes what he/she sees in the ambiguous stimuli of the Rorschach test, it is assumed that the person's thoughts are revealed. a. unconscious b. conscious c. preconscious d. subconscious ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 50. A psychoanalytic therapist who wants to assess the unconscious thoughts and feelings of a patient would be most likely to use the test. a. MMPI b. Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test c. Rorschach inkblot test d. Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 51. The Rorschach test is considered controversial because of all of the following concerns EXCEPT that a. for some time there was no standardized way of administering the test. b. there is little or no data regarding its reliability or validity. c. the inkblots have been changed many times since the test was developed. d. until recently there were no standardized procedures for administering the test. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 52. Dr. Jiminez is using Exner’s Comprehensive System to administer and score the Rorschach inkblot test. This specifies all of the following EXCEPT a. how the cards with the inkblots should be presented. b. exactly what the psychologist administering the test should say. c. the way in which the test taker's responses should be recorded. d. the amount of time allowed for each inkblot card to be presented. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 53. The comprehensive system for administering and scoring the Rorschach inkblot test was developed because a. a lack of standardized procedures affects the way the test taker responds to the questions. b. it was discovered that inter-rater reliability had increased significantly. c. Hermann Rorschach was dissatisfied with the way his test was being given. d. the previous scoring system was found to be difficult and time-consuming. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 54. The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) differs from the Rorschach inkblot test in that the person taking the TAT is asked to use his or her imagination to a. tell a complete story about a picture. b. draw a picture based on a story that is read aloud by the examiner. c. write down responses after reading a short story. d. tell a story and draw a picture about it. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 55. In regard to projective tests, research has found that most clinicians a. do not use projective tests. b. have their own ways of administering and scoring the tests. c. use standardized procedures when administering and scoring the tests. d. rely on these tests to diagnose psychopathology. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 56. Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)? a. Most psychologists interpret responses to the TAT cards in the same way. b. High inter-rater reliability exists among those administering the test. c. The TAT is used as a diagnostic test because validity is high. d. Many clinicians use the TAT to encourage people to talk more openly about their lives. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 57. Which of the following describes a personality inventory? a. Determines the possible contribution of brain damage to the person's condition b. Uses imaging to assess brain structure and/or function c. Involves self-report questionnaires that assess individual traits d. Ascertains the structure and patterns of cognition ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 58. "The questions make sense to the person reading them and the wording of the questions seems to fit the type of information desired." In regard to personality inventories, which type of validity is defined by the preceding statement? a. Predictive b. Face c. Construct d. Analytic ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 59. All of the following statements are TRUE about the MMPI EXCEPT that a. there is little room for interpretation. b. the test is tedious and time-consuming. c. there is a version for adolescents. d. individual responses are examined to determine a diagnostic pattern. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 60. As an assessment measure, the MMPI is considered unique because it is a. empirically based. b. theory based. c. based on the biological model. d. based on the humanistic approach. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 61. If you were asked to compare and contrast the MMPI and the Rorschach inkblot test, you could say correctly that a. responses are interpreted individually in the MMPI. b. the pattern of responses is evaluated in the MMPI. c. the Rorschach test is more tedious and time-consuming for the patient to complete. d. the Rorschach test more accurately predicts psychopathology. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 62. Since the MMPI is , the assessment concept known as reliability is increased. a. often interpreted by computer b. made up of many scales c. non-sexist d. well-researched ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 63. The MMPI-2 differs from earlier versions of the MMPI because it a. is shorter. b. was normed on a much more diverse sample. c. is less reliable. d. is normed on a much more selective sample. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 64. Heinrich falsifies answers his answers on the MMPI so that he will look good. He will probably have a high score on the __________ scale. a. Cannot Say b. Lie c. Paranoia d. Defensiveness ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 65. The MMPI is a notable measurement instrument because it a. has been shown to be valid with a range of psychological problems. b. relies on subjective interpretations of patterns. c. is short and easy to administer. d. is the oldest test measure developed. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 66. The MMPI-A, a new version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, has been developed specifically for testing ____________. a. children with ADHD b. children with autism c. adults d. adolescents ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 67. The MMPI-2, a more recent version of the personality inventory, has been updated to reflect all of the following EXCEPT _____________. a. cultural diversity b. gender equality c. contemporary issues d. sexual values ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 68. Personality tests linked through social media are typically: a. based on scientific evidence b. valid c. reliable d. just for fun ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 69. Intelligence Quotients (IQs) were historically measured by: a. assessing a child’s reading. b. observing the child playing with peers. c. dividing the child’s mental age by their chronological age. d. measuring how much the child cried. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 70. The calculation of an IQ, previously done by using a child's mental age, is now done by using a deviation IQ. This means that the child's score is compared to the scores of others . a. of the same age b. in the same grade c. who took the test at the same time d. with the same level of intelligence ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 71. Intelligence tests were originally designed to a. determine a person’s mental status. b. predict academic success. c. identify potential psychopathology. d. indicate the presence of neurological problems. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 72. IQ tests measure all of the following abilities EXCEPT a. attention. b. memory. c. reasoning. d. adaptability. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 73. In regard to IQ tests, which of the following statements is FALSE? a. IQ and intelligence are the same thing. b. An IQ test has some validity with respect to predicting academic success. c. IQ tests measure abilities such as attention, memory, reasoning, and perception. d. Psychologists have different theories about which skills and abilities constitute intelligence. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 74. The performance scales on the WISC-IV (Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children) measure all of the following EXCEPT ____________. a. factual knowledge b. psychomotor abilities c. ability to learn new relationships d. non-verbal reasoning ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 75. Which of the following describes a neuropsychological test? a. Determines the possible contribution of brain impairment to the person's condition b. Uses imaging to assess brain structure and/or function c. Assesses long-standing patterns of behavior d. Ascertains the structure and patterns of cognition ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 76. A neuropsychological test measures abilities in all but which of the following areas? a. Attention and concentration b. Perceptual abilities c. Learning and abstraction d. Adaptive personality traits ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 77. Neuropsychological tests are used to assess whether or not an individual might . a. suffer from a dissociative disorder b. have a brain dysfunction c. have had a psychotic episode d. be in a depressed state ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 78. If it were important to determine the exact location of brain impairment, which of the following tests would most likely be used? a. Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test b. Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery c. Gall Phrenological Brain Scan d. Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 79. Although abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the brain can be detected by neuroimaging techniques, current research is also looking at a. a possible association of these abnormalities with psychological disorders. b. using brain-imaging techniques as a treatment for psychological disorders. c. preventing psychological disorders with neuroimaging techniques. d. changing brain functioning from abnormal to normal. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 80. When an assessment strategy shows a problem when none exists, it is referred to as a . a. false negative b. false positive c. negative outcome d. forecast error ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 81. The problem with generating a false negative during an assessment strategy is that the patient a. will not receive treatment for an actual disorder. b. will receive treatment for a disorder they don’t have. c. will be tired of being tested. d. will be discredited. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 82. Recent research involving PET scans has shown that patients with Alzheimer's disease have a. increased dopamine reuptake in the occipital lobes. b. increased serotonin levels in the temporal lobes. c. reduced glucose metabolism in the parietal lobes. d. reduced amino acid production in the frontal lobes. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 83. A procedure used to assess brain functioning much like a PET scan, but less accurate and using a different tracer substance, is ___________. a. SQUID b. SPECT c. TCM d. JCT ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 84. In addition to MRI, PET, and CT, other brain-imaging techniques are currently in use or are now being developed. Which of the following is one of these newer neuroimaging techniques? a. EEG b. TMS c. SPECT d. EMG ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 85. Which of the following is a reason why MRIs are used less in diagnosis: a. they are costly. b. they usually require that the participant be closed-in and still for a long period of time. c. both a and b are correct. d. neither a or b are correct. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 86. A primary diagnostic technique for identifying seizure disorders is the . a. EEG b. DOT c. GSR d. ERP ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 87. When brief periods of EEG patterns are recorded in response to a specific event, the response is called a(n) ____________. a. evoked potential b. alpha wave c. electrodermal response d. artifact ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 88. A healthy adult at rest is most likely to show an EEG pattern characterized by a high level of _____________. a. alpha waves b. delta waves c. critical waves d. irregular ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 89. Sweat gland activity (electrodermal activity) is measured in order to assess . a. stress and emotional arousal b. exhaustion c. brain damage d. sexual dysfunction and disorders ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 90. According to the textbook, assessment of psychophysiological response to emotional stimuli is important in treating all of the following EXCEPT _____________. a. sexual dysfunctions b. posttraumatic stress disorder c. hypertension d. cancer ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 91. The likely future course of a disorder is called its . a. prognosis b. diagnosis c. etiology d. inference ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 92. Determining what is unique about an individual’s personality, cultural background, or circumstances can be termed a(n) ________ strategy. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. classification d. categorical ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 93. Identifying which general class of problems to which a presenting problem belongs is known as a(n) ________ strategy. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. classification d. categorical ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 94. The term that describes the names or labels of the disorders is . a. taxonomy b. nomenclature c. nosology d. etiology ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 95. When a taxonomic system is applied to a psychological problem, it becomes a . a. diagnosis b. prognosis c. nosology d. nomenclature ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 96. The terms taxonomy and nosology refer to a. scientific classification. b. the accuracy of a diagnostic system. c. the reliability of a grouping of clinical symptoms. d. theoretical ideas that cannot be tested objectively. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 97. One important advantage of using a classification and diagnostic system like DSM-5 is that knowing a patient's diagnosis a. helps the therapist to develop a treatment plan and prognosis. b. allows patients to fully participate in their own treatment. c. permits the insurance company to have access to patients' records. d. allows the therapist to see the patient as an individual. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 98. The dimensional approach to classification of mental disorders differs from the categorical approach because the dimensional system provides a. lists of symptoms that are associated with all of the forms of psychopathology that are currently believed to exist. b. diagnostic labels based on the presence of specific symptoms. c. information that is used to determine the cause and treatment of the disorder. d. scales that indicate the degree to which patients are experiencing various cognitions, moods, and behaviors. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 99. The classical categorical approach to diagnosis assumes that each person with a particular disorder will a. be helped by recognizing the cause of the disorder. b. experience very few of the same symptoms. c. respond to the same treatments equally. d. experience the same symptoms with little or no variation. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 100. People who are correctly diagnosed with a DSM-5 disorder like Major Depressive Episode will a. usually have at least some of the same symptoms as others with the disorder. b. always have at least five of the same symptoms as others with the disorder. c. typically have very few of the same symptoms as others with the disorder. d. usually experience all of the same symptoms as others with the disorder. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 101. Several clinicians interview a patient and use a new diagnostic system to independently provide the same diagnosis. We can say that it appears the new diagnostic system is . a. reliable b. valid c. both reliable and valid d. neither reliable nor valid ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 102. Quantifying a person’s moods, behaviors, and cognitions on a scale constitutes a(n) understanding psychopathology. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. dimensional d. prototypical ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual approach to 103. Identifying certain essential characteristics of an entity while allowing for nonessential variations that don’t change is considered a(n) approach to understanding psychopathology. a. idiographic b. nomothetic c. dimensional d. prototypical ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 104. A classical categorical approach to diagnosis is a. more useful in psychology than in medicine. b. more useful in medicine than in psychology. c. not appropriate in either medicine or psychology. d. equally useful in medicine and psychology. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 105. The dimensional approach to diagnosis is characterized by a. quantification of patients' experiences using scales measuring several areas such as anxiety or depression. c. essential elements that all patients must report for the diagnosis to be assigned but allowance for specific nonessential variations as well. b. lists of symptoms that patients must experience for the diagnosis to be assigned. d. a theoretical explanation for the underlying cause of the disorder that is assumed to be shared by all patients experiencing similar symptoms. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 106. The crucial test as to whether a diagnostic system has a high degree of validity is that it should result in a. an effective treatment plan. b. all clinicians reaching the same diagnosis for the patient. c. the accurate diagnostic label for the patient. d. the same diagnostic label regardless of when the patient is evaluated. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 107. When a diagnosis tells the clinician what is likely to happen and possibly predict the course of the disorder and the likely effect of one treatment or another, the diagnosis has a. construct validity. b. predictive validity c. content validity. d. none of the above ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 108. The extent to which a disorder would be found among the patient’s relatives is known as . a. familial sharing b. familial reliability c. familial validity d. familial aggregation ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 109. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is a publication of the a. American Psychological Association. b. International Association of Psychologists. c. American Psychiatric Association. d. National Institutes of Mental Health. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 110. An important change in the DSM versions that followed DSM-III was a. the lack of a presumed theoretical cause for each disorder. b. a change from a dimensional to a categorical system. c. greater emphasis on validity and less concern for reliability. d. the inclusion of the humanistic view of pathology. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 111. One of the important changes from DSM-III-R to DSM-IV reflected our greater understanding of the multiple causes and influences on various mental states and disorders. This change is a. less distinction between organically (physically) caused and psychologically based disorders in DSM-IV. b. more distinction between organically (physically) caused and psychologically based disorders in DSM-IV. c. more distinction between neurosis and psychosis in DSM-IV. d. less emphasis on the types of treatment that might be appropriate for each disorder in DSM-IV. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 112. Which of the following statements best reflects your textbook's overall position on the changes found in DSM-5? a. The general consensus is that DSM-5 is largely unchanged from DSM-IV. b. DSM-5 represents a massive departure from DSM-IV. c. DSM-5 has enhanced the multiaxial diagnostic system, and therefore is better at detecting the difference between different mental disorders. d. DSM-5 has included over 100 new mental disorders, and thus has increased the likelihood of overdiagnosis. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 113. Perhaps the biggest change that has been seen with the release of DSM-5 is a. the removal of the multiaxial diagnostic system. c. the addition of treatment recommendations for the most commonly diagnosed illnesses. b. the inclusion of a list of FDA-approved psychotropic medications. d. augmentation of the personality disorders category that increases the number of diganoses from 10 to 15. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 114. The addition of ratings in the DSM-5 did not change the categories of disorders, but rather provides clinicians with additional information for assessment, treatment planning, and treatment monitoring. a. dimensional b. nosological c. prototypical d. idiographic ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 115. One of the most unreliable categories in current classification is in the area of . a. schizophrenia b. anxiety disorders c. mood disorders d. personality disorders ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 116. _____ or diagnosis with more than one disorder at a time is particularly problematic in DSM-5. a. schizophrenia b. multiple personality disorder c. comorbidity d. none of the above are correct ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 117. Adrianne has suffered from cognitive deficits for her entire life. When she was a child, she was diagnosed as suffering from "mental retardation." If she was now rediagnosed with the DSM-5 and found to have the same symptoms, which label would replace her former diagnosis? a. Intellectual disability b. Learning disorder c. Autism-spectrum disorder d. Functional neurological impariment ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 118. Which section of DSM-5 would include disorders that need further study and would potentially be included in future editions of the manual? a. Section 1 b. Section 2 c. Section 3 d. Section 4 ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 119. Which of the following conditions that affects women has been included in DSM-5 as a mood disorder, after previously being called "late luteal phase dysphoric disorder?" a. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder b. Climacteric Dissatisfaction Disorder c. Genito-Pelvic Penetration/Pain disorder d. Menopause Dyspareunic Disorder ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual Essay 120. Marisa goes to see a psychologist because she has been having some acute distress and seems overwhelmed. Describe the process that Marisa’s psychologist will use to reach a diagnosis and develop a treatment plan. ANSWER: Marisa will be asked to describe her problem and any symptoms she is experiencing. She will relate all concerns regarding her behavior and thinking to the clinician, who will assess Marisa’s behavior and communication during the interview. The clinician will form an initial diagnosis and those areas that need to be ruled out. The clinician may do various types of psychological assessment to help determine the diagnosis. Where appropriate, certain neuropsychological testing or neuro imaging may be done, The clinician will evaluate all assessment data and reach a diagnosis that will be presented in a multiaxial format. Based on the diagnosis and possible theoretical orientation of the clinician, a treatment plan will be developed. The clinician will take into account the research data on the effectiveness of certain treatments for certain disorders. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 121. What is the difference between validity and reliability? Give an example of each. ANSWER: Validity is whether an assessment measures what it is designed to measure. Reliability is the degree to which the measurement is accurate. Quizzes found in popular magazines and on social media tend not to be valid or reliable. For example, a quiz on whether you are an optimist or a pessimist could reveal more about the bad day that you are having than your actual outlook on life (validity). You could theoretically take the same quiz on three different days and get three different scores/interpretations (reliability). POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 122. Discuss the principle of standardization. Why is it important in mental health assessments? ANSWER: Standardization is important in many mental health assessments because it ensures consistency across different measures. For example, part of the diagnosis of depression is ongoing symptoms. What if Sally was sad for 2 days after her cat died and John was sad for 2 months? Are they both “depressed?” What other symptoms would need to be present for a depression diagnosis? Standardization creates ways in which we can define disorder across people, time periods, geographic areas, and therapists. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 123. Describe the major objectives and typical procedures of the mental status exam. Be sure to include the typical activities of the examiner and the intended outcomes of the process. ANSWER: Mental status exams cover the following five categories: -Appearance and behavior. The clinician records the client’s dress, appearance, and motor actions. -Thought processes. The clinician listens to the patient talk in order to assess the rate and content of his/her speech. -Mood and affect. The clinician observes the patient’s emotion, and actions regarding his/her feelings. -Intellectual functioning. The clinician assesses the client’s vocabulary, memory, and overall intellectual functioning. -Sensorium. The client’s general awareness of his/her surroundings is assessed. The mental status exam is done to allow the clinician to make a preliminary determination of the areas of the patient’s behavior and condition that should be assessed further. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 124. Projective tests such as the Thematic Apperception Test and the original Rorschach inkblot test are often criticized with regard to their reliability. Explain why the reliability of these tests may not be as good as a personality measure such as the MMPI. ANSWER: Projective tests are based on the use of ambiguous stimuli onto which the client projects his/her own personality and unconscious fears and so reveal unconscious thoughts to the therapist. The TAT, which uses pictures as stimuli, and the Rorschach, which uses inkblots as stimuli, are both subject to variation in their administration and interpretation. Consequently, they are less reliable than more objective assessments such as the MMPI, which consists of multiple-choice questions and has clear norms and guidelines for its interpretation. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 125. Why would a doctor order a PET scan? How does a PET scan work? ANSWER: PET scans are images of brain functioning and are often used when diagnosing brain trauma or early Alzheimer’s. PET scans work when a tracer substance is attached to radioactive isotopes. The substance interacts with blood, oxygen, and glucose rushes to active areas of the brain. The location of the isotopes are then imaged, measured and compared with uninjured brains. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Assessing Psychological Disorders 126. Name at least two approaches to classification. Under which does the DSM-5 fall? ANSWER: Answers may vary but could include: —Classical (or pure) categorical approach-assuming every diagnosis has a clear patho-physiological cause —Dimensional approach-which notes the variety of cognitions, moods, or behaviors and quantifies them on a scale —Protypical approach-identifies essential characteristics of an entity into a category bu allows flexibility so that all variations do not necessarily change the classification. The DSM-V falls in this category. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders 127. The DSM-5 is a very new diagnostic system, and it has brought changes to the diagnosis of mental disorders that have also created criticism. Discuss the major criticisms of DSM-5 that are discussed in your textbook. ANSWER: While the DSM-5 is more scientifically advanced than it's predecessors, it is necessarily considered a "work in progress." For that reason there are several areas that have been the target of criticism in this edition: —There are still "fuzzy" categories that blur the lines between different disorders, making diagnosis difficult. —The DSM-5 emphasizes reliability, potentially sacrificing validity. —Methods of constructing a nosology of mental disorders have a way of perpetuating past diagnostic labels and categories, even if they were fundamentally flawed. Some have argued that instead of revising what already existed that a better approach may be to simply "start again." This resetting of diagnostic categorization did not occur with DSM-5. POINTS: 1 128. Labeling a patient with a diagnosis is often referred to as a "double-edged sword" as the diagnostic label can both help and hurt the patient. Explain the advantages and disadvantages (to the patient) of a diagnostic label. ANSWER: The use of labels in diagnosis allows clinicians to formulate and compare diagnoses and to select treatment approaches. However, many psychological disorders carry with them significant stigma. Therefore, the label may diminish the client’s self­esteem or result in him/her being treated poorly by others. Incorrect labels can also result in ineffective or harmful treatment choices. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders 129. Discuss why Mixed Anxiety Disorder is not included in the DSM-V. ANSWER: Mixed Anxiety Disorder is not included in the DSM-V for several reasons including: —symptoms tend to be mild and not cause major impairment. —symptoms do not usually last long. —Mixed Anxiety Disorder is difficult to identify in a reliable way. —mental health diagnoses have political and legal ramifications such as the potential for an individual to sue the government or require insurance coverage. —if Mixed Anxiety were to qualify someone for disability payments, this could create chaos within mental health clinics. POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Diagnosing Psychological Disorders 1. All of the following are classified as somatic symptom and related disorders EXCEPT a. dissociative identity disorder. b. factitious disorder. c. conversion disorder. d. illness anxiety disorder. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 2. The common aspect of all somatic symptom disorders is a maladaptive or excessive a. belief that a serious medical condition will cause death. b. belief that one's appearance is ugly. c. response to physical or associated health symptoms. d. concern with the meaning of a physical pain. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 3. Hippocrates and the Egyptians before him thought that hysterical disorders were the result of a . a. dysfunctional ovary b. tense vagina c. wandering uterus d. none of these ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual NOTES: NEW 4. In 1859, Pierre Briquet described patients who came to see him with a seemingly endless list of complaints for which he could find no basis. This was later called: a. Obsession/compulsion Disorder b. Somatic Symptom Disorder c. Dissociative Identity Disorder d. Depression. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 5. Your friend Jorge is always complaining that he doesn’t feel well. He thinks his symptoms are serious, has a high-level of anxiety about his symptoms, and often Googles his symptoms. What must be ruled out before Jorge can be diagnosed for Somatic Symptom Disorder: a. medical attention to ensure that he does not have an underlying injury. b medical attention to ensure that he does not have an underlying illness. d. discussion with his doctor about recent and previous substance abuse. d. all of the above are correct. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 6. According to psychological theory, neuroses stem from a. underlying unconscious conflicts. b. the clash of conscious and unconscious therapy. c. dream process. d. identity concepts. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: conceptual 7. Illness anxiety disorder exists when a. a person is excessively concerned about being sick, even when only experiencing minor symptoms. b. real physical illness is exaggerated to the point where the patient can only focus on the pain. c. the patient has an unrealistic fear of contacting germs. d. the patient is truly ill but does not trust the medical establishment enough to seek treatment. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 8. An essential element of illness anxiety disorder is . a. psychosis b. worry c. depression d. dissociation ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 9. Joe just ate six chili dogs and drank a liter of soda. If Joe suffers from illness anxiety disorder, he would probably interpret any resulting stomach discomfort as a. his own fault for eating so much. b. the result of poor quality food. c. gas pains from overeating. d. a sign that something is seriously wrong with his stomach. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 10. Panic disorder shares several common characteristics with both somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder. Which of the following is not one of those shared features? a. Age of onset b. Running in families c. Personality characteristics d. Manner in which anxiety is expressed ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 11. Illness anxiety disorder was formerly known as: a. hypochondriasis b. OCD c. schizophrenia d. irreality disorder ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 12. Clients with illness anxiety disorder are likely to a. avoid doctors. b. avoid unnecessary medical procedures. c. soon reject assurances that they are healthy. d. ignore the long-term process of illness. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 13. Since Jane has been diagnosed with illness anxiety disorder, we can expect her to see her physician a. often and feel completely reassured that there is nothing wrong with her health. b. rarely but continue to believe that she is quite ill. c. almost never because she does not trust physicians. d. often but continue to be anxious about her health anyway. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 14. Although Jill feels fine now and believes that she is healthy, she still worries endlessly about developing a serious illness. Most likely Jill would be diagnosed with a. illness anxiety disorder. b. conversion disorder. c. somatization disorder. d. body dysmorphic disorder. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied 15. Although both panic disorder patients and persons with somatic symptom disorder tend to misinterpret bodily sensations, patients with panic disorder a. are having real physical sensations, while the sensations of those with somatic symptom disorder are "all in their heads." b. tend to fear immediate catastrophe, while those with somatic symptom disorder tend to fear long-term illness. c. are having imagined physical sensations, while those with somatic symptom disorder are experiencing real physical sensations. d. tend to ignore the symptoms of their first attacks, while those with somatic symptom disorder tend to seek immediate medical treatment following the first indication of pain. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 16. Minor, physical complaints are common among . a. young children b. adolescents c. the middle aged d. the elderly ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Applied NOTES: NEW 17. With regard to a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder, women are a. equally likely as men to be diagnosed. b. less likely than men to be diagnosed. c. more likely than men to be diagnosed. d. more likely than men to be diagnosed during middle to late adulthood but no more likely than men to be diagnosed during teen years and early adulthood. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 18. Disorders such as koro and dhat that are similar to somatic symptom disorders demonstrate the a. influence of culture on psychopathology. b. physical basis of many hypochondriacs' complaints. c. difficulty of accurately diagnosing hypochondriasis. d. influence of genetics on psychopathology. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 19. Although it's name has changed from DSM-IV to DSM-5, hypochondriasis is essentially an emotional disturbance triggered by a. physical pathology. b. misinterpretation of normal physical sensations. c. social concerns. d. severe or unusual physical sensations. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 20. Studies suggest that patients with somatic symptom disorder or illness anxiety disorder are characterized by a tendency to a. interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening. b. minimize physical symptoms. c. have low sensitivity to perceived illness. d. avoid bad news cues. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Moderate REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 21. Paradoxically, an effective treatment for somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder involves helping the patient to focus on a. creating their own symptoms. b. ignoring their own symptoms. c. getting reassurance about their symptoms. d. understanding other life stressors. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Conceptual 22. With regard to the treatment of illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder, some research supports the use of __________. a. conditioning b. psychoanalysis c. cognitive-behavioral treatment and stress reduction d. humanistic therapy ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 23. With regard to the treatment of somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder, research exploring the use of reassurance in a process called "explanatory therapy" showed that a. some significant gains were achieved. b. reassurance did not work for hypochondriacs. c. reassurance showed some gains but they lasted less than several days. d. the gains were so significant that participants were essentially "cured." ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFERENCES: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders OTHER: TYPE: Factual 24. The effectiveness of reassurance in treating Illness Anxiety Disorder is a “surprising” because a. the efficacy has never been shown empirically. b. family members begin reassuring the patient and then give up. c. by definition, patients with these disorders are not supposed to respond to reassurance. d. all of the above are true. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult REFEREN