ATI TEAS 7 ENGLISH & LANGUAGE USAGE

ATI TEAS 7 ENGLISH & LANGUAGE USAGE ATI TEAS 7 English Language Study Guide. Spelling: Homograph - Word spelled the same but that have different meanings (bat, bow) Homophone - Words pronounced the same but that have different meanings Punctuation • Colon - Used in introduction of a quote or list, ratio, and time. • Comma- before “and” in a simple series of items (commas, colons, and...) Sentence structures • Adverb - Word or phrase that describes or modifies an adjective, verb, or another adverb • Article - Words (a and an) that refer to nouns • Complement - Sentence part that gives more information about a subject or object • Conjunction - A connecting word • Dependent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence • Independent Clause - A group of words that includes a subject and predicate and can stand alone as a complement sentence • Indirect Object - The person or thing to whom or which something is done • Interjection - Words or phrases that represent short bursts of emotion • Modifier - A word or group of words that provides description for another word • Object - A word or group of words that receives the action of a verb • Predicate - The part of a sentence that explains what the subject does or is like • Preposition - A word that describes relationships between other words • Pronoun - A word that takes the place of a noun • Subject - The main noun of a sentence that is doing or being • Compound-Complex Sentence - Sentence that includes two independent and one dependent clause Example: “The cute, furry dog wagged its tail with joy.” Simple subject - dog Article and modifiers - the cute, furry dog Simple predicate - wagged Complete predicate and direct object - its tail Prepositional modifier - with joy Grammar • Diction - The style of writing determined by word choice • Fragment - An incomplete sentence • Perfective - A verb for an object that has been completed • Prescriptive grammar - Specific rules for using language and grammar • Progressive - A verb that shows something is currently happening • Tense - Past, present, and future times • Transition word - Words that link or introduce ideas • Subject-verb agreement - Matching like numbers of subjects and verbs: singular with singular, plural with plural • Pronoun-Antecedent agreement - Matching like numbers of pronouns and their antecedents: singular with singular, plural with plural. • Colloquialism - An informal word or phrase • First person – Uses the subject pronoun “I” • Second person - A narrative mode that addresses the reader as “you” • Third person – Uses the subject pronoun “He, She and They” • Primary source – first-hand account of the event that was created at about the time the event was occurred. • Secondary source – created by a person who did not witness the event. • Bibliophile – book lover • Alter – to change • Altar – place of sacrifice • Clichés – overused expressions • Analyzed Word Parts Affix - Letters placed at the beginning or end of a word or word part to change its meaning • Derivation - Determining the origin of a word • Inflection - Details of how a word is expressed to modify its tone or meaning • Morpheme - The smallest meaningful unit in grammar • Prefix - An affix that appears at the beginning of the word • Root - A word to which an affix can be attached • Suffix - An affix that appears at the end of a word Reading Key Ideas and Details Summarize a complex text: What am I reading about? What is important to know about text? • Summarize - Define main idea, highlight most important supporting details and arguments, contains same message as original text • Paraphrase - Rephrasing, “translates”, into own words including details Infer the logical conclusion from a reading selection: Key Terms • Directly stated info - Aim to draw conclusions from info stated within a passage (no implications) • Inference - Piece of info that is implied but not written outright • Implications - Things that the author does not say directly, but readers can assume based off info Identify the topic, main idea, and supporting details: Who/what is paragraph is talking about about? • Topic/main idea - Topic is the subject of text, and main idea is most important point being made • Supporting details - Provide evidence and backing for the main point • Topic summary/sentences - Encapsulate main idea of text (beginning of each section) Follow a given set of directions: Terms that signify order, relationship among steps Procedural signal words such as first, then, second, finally, now, next, while etc. Identify specific info from a printed communication: Memo, announcements, advertisements • Memo-more informal, is usually grammatically concise and correct. The formal format results from the audie