Key Words & Definitions-
Education
Social cohesion- the bonds that bring people together and integrate them into a united society.
Social mobility – refers to the movement of groups or individuals up or down the social hierarchy.
Functional prerequisites- the basic needs that must be met if society is to survive.
Hidden curriculum- concerns not so much the formal content of subject lessons and examinations as
the way of teaching and learning are organised.
Social solidarity- the integration of people into society through shared values, a common culture,
shared understandings and social and social ties that bring them together and build social cohesion.
Particularistic values- rules and values that give a priority to personal relationship.
Universalistic values- are rules and values that apply equally to all members of society regardless of
who they are.
Meritocracy- is a society where jobs and pay are allocated on the basis purely of people’s individual
talents, abilities, qualifications and skills.
Ascribed status- the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life. It
is a position that is neither earned nor chosen but assigned.
Human capital- the knowledge and skills possessed by a workforce that increases the workforce’s
value and usefulness to employers.
Division of labour- is the division of work or occupations into a large number of specialised tasks,
each of which is carried out by one worker or a group of workers.
Equality of educational opportunity- is the idea that every child, regardless of their social class
background, ability to pay school fees, ethnic background, gender or disability should have an equal
chance of developing their talents and abilities.
Marketisation- the process whereby services like education, that were previously controlled by the
state, have government or local control reduced or removed altogether, and become subject to the
free market forces of supply and demand based on competition and consumer choice.
Education
Social cohesion- the bonds that bring people together and integrate them into a united society.
Social mobility – refers to the movement of groups or individuals up or down the social hierarchy.
Functional prerequisites- the basic needs that must be met if society is to survive.
Hidden curriculum- concerns not so much the formal content of subject lessons and examinations as
the way of teaching and learning are organised.
Social solidarity- the integration of people into society through shared values, a common culture,
shared understandings and social and social ties that bring them together and build social cohesion.
Particularistic values- rules and values that give a priority to personal relationship.
Universalistic values- are rules and values that apply equally to all members of society regardless of
who they are.
Meritocracy- is a society where jobs and pay are allocated on the basis purely of people’s individual
talents, abilities, qualifications and skills.
Ascribed status- the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life. It
is a position that is neither earned nor chosen but assigned.
Human capital- the knowledge and skills possessed by a workforce that increases the workforce’s
value and usefulness to employers.
Division of labour- is the division of work or occupations into a large number of specialised tasks,
each of which is carried out by one worker or a group of workers.
Equality of educational opportunity- is the idea that every child, regardless of their social class
background, ability to pay school fees, ethnic background, gender or disability should have an equal
chance of developing their talents and abilities.
Marketisation- the process whereby services like education, that were previously controlled by the
state, have government or local control reduced or removed altogether, and become subject to the
free market forces of supply and demand based on competition and consumer choice.
