LASERS CERTIFICATION EXAM ACTUAL EXAM ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST

Page 1 of 36



LASERS CERTIFICATION EXAM ACTUAL EXAM ALL

QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST

UPDATE THIS YEAR

QUESTION: The word LASER is an acronym standing for _________. - ANSWER-Light

Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation




QUESTION: Laser parameters include what 3 things? - ANSWER-1)Duration of exposure


2)Fiber Diameter


3)Wavelength




QUESTION: Lasers are:


______chromatic?


_____directional?


coherent or noncoherent?


emitted from a stimulated ____________. - ANSWER-monochromatic: made of a single

wavelength (visible or infrared)




1

, Page 2 of 36


unidirectional


coherent (all peaks and valleys of each wave travel in unison)


active medium




QUESTION: What states can the active medium be in? - ANSWER-solid, gas, semiconductor




QUESTION: What type of active medium is used in Er: YAG? - ANSWER-solid state using crystal

matrix (erbium laced yttrium, aluminum and garnet)




Theorized the concept of stimulated emission - ANSWER-Einstein




QUESTION: Theorized that an excited electron will spontaneously return to its ground state -

ANSWER-Bohr




QUESTION: First ruby laser was created in _____ by ______. - ANSWER-1960, Ted Maiman




QUESTION: _________ reported in 1965 that a ruby laser could vaporize enamel. - ANSWER-

Stern and Sognnaes




2

, Page 3 of 36




QUESTION: First pulsed Nd:YAG laser released in ______ and cuts ______ tissue. - ANSWER-

1990, soft tissue




QUESTION: In _____ the first dental hard tissue was FDA cleared and is called _______. And the

______ laser a year later. - ANSWER-1997


Er: YAG laser


Er, Cr: YSGG




QUESTION: What type of gas is used when the active medium is sealed in an air tight chamber?

- ANSWER-CO2




QUESTION: Diode lasers have what type of active medium? - ANSWER-semiconductor




QUESTION: what photons form the laser? - ANSWER-light that leaks from the output coupler




QUESTION: Stimulated emission: - ANSWER-atoms of the active medium are stimulated to a

higher energy level--> released as a photon as the atom returns to a more stable lower energy

level.


3

, Page 4 of 36




QUESTION: Amplification - ANSWER-Released photons can go on to stimulate more atoms in

the crystal, thus producing more photons




QUESTION: Energy density depends on what 3 things? - ANSWER-energy, divergence (tendency

of a laser beam to spread outward=laser beam diameter increases), and distance




QUESTION: Energy is measured in ______ - ANSWER-Joules (millijoules)




QUESTION: Power is ______ and is measured in _______ - ANSWER-rate of doing work, or

energy used over a period of time and is measured in Watts (J/sec)




QUESTION: Frequency is measured in _____. - ANSWER-Hertz ( laser pulses/sec)




QUESTION: What is the most important variable dictating how the laser beam will interact with

the target tissue? - ANSWER-Peak Power




QUESTION: Define Peak Power: - ANSWER-power level in each individual laser pulse, however it

is not visible to the operator


4