NUR 2571 PNII Module 6 Exam Key Concepts

PNII Module 6 Exam Key Concepts Pharmacologic management, collaborative management, planning and implementation of interventions, assessment with clinical manifestations, nursing diagnoses, diagnostic tests Congestive Heart Failure - Aka left sided heart failure - Ejection fraction falls below 40% with ventricular dilation in systolic. - Fatigue; weakness; oliguria at day, nocturia at night; angina; confusion, restlessness; tachycardia palpitations; pallor; weak peripheral pulses; cool extremities; hacking cough worse at night; dyspnea; breathlessness; crackles or wheezes in lungs; frothy pink tinged sputum; tachypnea; s3/s4 summation gallop - Electrolytes; elevated BNP; creatinine; hemoglobin; hematocrit; urinalysis for protein levels; ABGs; X-ray for left ventricular failure; echocardiogram; radionuclide studies; Multigated blood pool scans. Aortic/mitral/pulmonary stenosis - Aortic o Dyspnea on exertion; angina; syncope on exertion; fatigue; orthopnea; paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; harsh, systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur o Most common cardiac valve problem. Often considered disease of wear and tear; left ventricular outflow obstructed during systole. Results in ventricular hypertrophy. Eventually output becomes fixed and cannot speed up to meet the demands which leads to symptoms. - Mitral Fatigue; dyspnea on exertion; orthopnea; paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; hemoptysis; hepatomegaly; neck vein distention; pitting edema; atrial