NUR 2900 Ch. 3: Critical Thinking, Ethical Decision Making, and the Nursing Process(Questions and Answers)2020/2021

Ch. 3: Critical Thinking, Ethical Decision Making, and the Nursing Process Question 1 See full question Which ethical principle refers to the duty to do good? You Selected:  Beneficence Correct response:  Beneficence Explanation: Beneficence is the duty to do good to benefit others and the active promotion of benevolent acts. Fidelity refers to the duty to be faithful to one's commitments. Veracity is the obligation to tell the truth. Nonmaleficence is the duty not to inflict and to prevent and remove harm; it is more binding than beneficence. Question 2 See full question Which type of nursing diagnosis identifies an existing condition that the client is experiencing? You Selected:  problem-focused Correct response:  problem-focused Explanation: The problem-focused diagnosis identifies an existing problem such as Urinary Retention or Anxiety. The health promotion diagnosis is a judgment of a client's motivation and behavior to increase well-being. The risk diagnosis identifies potential problems for which the client is at risk. The syndrome diagnosis describes specific diagnoses that occur as a group. Question 3 See full question The fifth step of the nursing process is evaluation. As part of this step, the nurse: You Selected:  compares actual client outcomes to the expected outcomes. Correct response:  compares actual client outcomes to the expected outcomes. Explanation: Evaluation consists of assessment and review of the quality and suitability of care given and the client's responses to that care. During evaluation, nurses compare the actual outcomes to the expected outcomes. The other actions are related to planning, evaluation, and implementation. Question 4 See full question A nurse in a hospice facility cares for clients with terminal illnesses and witnesses a great deal of pain and emotional distress. Which factor that affects healthcare ethics determines how the nurse must respond when a client asks for help in ending his or her suffering? You Selected:  legislative and judicial decisions Correct response:  legislative and judicial decisions Explanation: Society's struggles with ethical issues result in legislative and judicial decisions that affect ethical decisions. Nurse practice acts prohibit nurses from assisting clients to die. The other options are factors that do not affect the nurse's ethical position. Question 5 See full question The RN develops an outcome standard of “client will ambulate with an assistive device 60 feet with assistance twice a day” for a client who had a hip replacement. What part of the nursing process is involved with this outcome statement? You Selected:  Planning Correct response:  Planning Explanation: Establishing the outcomes and actions will help the client achieve the overall goals of care. Assessment is the careful observation and evaluation of a client's health status by the collection of data. Implementation is putting the plan into action, and evaluation is determining the client's responses to the care provided. Question 6 See full question Which of the following is a true statement about a living will? You Selected:  It is legal consent. Correct response:  It states the client's wishes regarding healthcare if terminally ill. Explanation: A living will states the client's wishes regarding healthcare if terminally ill. It does not specify information regarding nontreatment only, it is not a legal consent, and it is not a type of financial agreement. Question 7 See full question Which term is defined as a formal systematic study of moral beliefs? You Selected:  Morality Correct response:  Ethics Explanation: Ethics is the formal, systematic study of moral beliefs. Veracity is the obligation to tell the truth and not to lie or deceive others. Fidelity is keeping promises. Morality is the adherence to informal personal values. Question 8 See full question During an interview for a position at an ambulatory clinic, the nurse notices that family planning counseling is included in the job description. As a devout Catholic, how should the nurse best proceed with the interview? You Selected:  Realize the ethical obligation to provide care to all faiths and continue the interview process Correct response:  Excuse herself from the interview, stating she is Catholic Explanation: One strategy a nurse can use to avoid ethical dilemmas is to inquire about the client population of potential employers. In this situation, providing counseling regarding family planning create an ethical dilemma for the nurse who is Catholic. It is appropriate for the nurse to avoid the dilemma based on this conflict of personal values. The delegation of a specific job duty by the nurse is not appropriate in this situation. Continuing the interview indicates the nurse is willing to meet job duties as described. Avoiding ethical dilemmas in providing client care is priority. The nurse’s strong Catholic faith may interfere with her ability to provide clients with unbiased and objective information related to family planning options. Question 9 See full question What therapeutic communication technique validates what the nurse believes to be the main idea of an interaction? You Selected:  Restating Correct response:  Restating Explanation: Restating involves repeating to the patient what the nurse believes is the main thought or idea expressed. Acknowledgement is simply expressing awareness of the patient's presence and needs. Focusing involves posing questions or statements to help the patient develop or expand an idea or verbalize feelings. Summarizing involves repeating back to the patient what the nurse has heard, only in a condensed form. Question 10 See full question The nurse is caring for a client who has just received a diagnosis of stage 3 lung cancer and has decided to have surgery for removal of the tumor but will not have any form of chemotherapy. Which statement by the nurse BEST demonstrates the principle of autonomy? You Selected:  “I’m sure this is a very difficult time for you but it is ultimately up to you what type of therapy you will allow to treat your disease.” Correct response:  “I’m sure this is a very difficult time for you but it is ultimately up to you what type of therapy you will allow to treat your disease.”